This study evaluated the impact of a novel social prescribing service designed specifically for the Armed Forces Community (AFC) and its influence on service users’ wellbeing.

Social prescribing connects individuals with non-clinical, community-based support to address loneliness, long-term conditions, and mental health. Despite advances in social prescriber training, a gap remains in resources for working with the AFC, who present distinct wellbeing needs. A two-year project, funded by the NHS Armed Forces Health and the Armed Forces Covenant Fund Trust, sought to enhance provision by equipping Social Prescriber Link Workers with specialist skills.

A sequential mixed-method design was adopted. Quantitatively, changes in wellbeing for 259 AFC service users were measured using the Short Warwick and Edinburgh Wellbeing Scale before and after consultations with Armed Forces Social Prescriber Link Workers (AFCSPLWs). Qualitatively, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with AFCSPLWs, general social prescribers, General Practitioners, and AFCSPLW line managers to explore experiences of service delivery.

Wellbeing scores significantly increased from initial (mean = 15.3) to final consultations (mean = 18.79), indicating positive effects; however, scores remained lower than national averages, reflecting the complex needs within the AFC population. Thematic analysis identified four themes: Armed Forces Experience and Perspective, Challenges and Barriers, Service Delivery and Effectiveness, and Skill Development and Attributes. Subthemes highlighted AFC-specific challenges, the practical complexity of the AFCSPLW role, and the importance of cultural competence. Advocacy, navigation, and relationship-building emerged as central mechanisms, with AFCSPLWs acting as vital connectors across primary care, third-sector services, and professional networks.

Neuroimaging studies have consistently revealed neuroanatomical abnormalities in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SZ). However, it remains unknown whether and to what extent disorder-selective gray matter variations occur in these prominent psychiatric disorders. This study conducted a meta-analysis of 25 years of published voxel-based morphometry (VBM) research to assess the presence of selective and robust neuroanatomical substrates of gray matter variation in BD, MDD, and SZ.

Peer-reviewed experiments encompassing subjects with target disorders were systematically searched in the MEDLINE database. Additionally, peer-reviewed data on 30 other psychiatric disorders and 65 neurological diseases were obtained from the BrainMap database. Experiments reporting whole-brain group comparisons between patients and healthy controls were included if they identified significant reductions in gray matter morphometry.

The data were analyzed using the Bayes fACtor mOdeliNg algorithm. A total of 1,021 VBM experiments were included, comprising 29,540 patients and 28,177 healthy controls. Primary analyses of psychiatric data revealed strong evidence of gray matter reduction in the right middle temporal gyrus for BD and the posterior dorsal anterior cingulate cortex for SZ (P ≥ 95% selectivity). The robustness of these findings was confirmed using the fail-safe method tailored to the neuroimaging meta-analytic environment. No selective findings were observed in additional analyses that included neurological diseases.

Taken together, these findings offer a framework that underscores the significance of diagnosis-selective neural substrates in psychopathology, a new perspective that could inform distinct pathophysiological processes and assist in diagnosis and treatment.

This study investigates the effect of sagging correction errors on image quality and geometric coordinate accuracy.

This study utilised the Elekta radiotherapy system, ball bearing (BB), Catphan phantom and MultiMet-WL phantom. Ten distinct flex maps (FMs) were acquired by positioning the BB at the accuracy isocentre and introducing shifts of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mm in the left, table and up directions, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomography images of the Catphan phantom were acquired using 10 FMs. The images were analysed for modulation transfer function (MTF) values and geometric coordinates. Additionally, the Winston–Lutz (W-L) test was conducted under reference couch positions and with a 0.3 mm couch shift.

For the Catphan phantom analysis, the standard deviations of MTF10% across FMs were 0.19. The centre-of-gravity coordinates of the insert exhibited shifts of approximately 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mm when comparing reference images to those acquired with the shifted FMs. The results of the W-L test with a 0.3 mm couch shift showed radiation isocentre deviations exceeding 1 mm compared to the reference couch positions.

Minor sagging correction calibration errors did not remarkably impact image quality; however, they altered the geometric coordinates of the image isocentre. These calibration errors decreased the accuracy of off-isocentre positioning.

To compare the clinical efficacy and prognosis of Ozaki procedure and Ross procedure in the treatment of paediatric aortic valve disease.

According to the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, relevant clinical studies were comprehensively searched in three databases, and relevant data were extracted for analysis and comparison.

This meta-analysis included four retrospective cohort studies with a total of 243 patients (117 undergoing Ozaki procedure and 126 undergoing Ross procedure). There were no significant difference in the in-hospital all-cause mortality [odds ratio = 1.38; 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 5.07, p = 0.63] and all-cause mortality during the follow-up period [odds ratio = 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 0.54, 6.32, p = 0.32] between Ozaki procedure and Ross procedure. The reoperation on the aortic valve [odds ratio = 10.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.22, 49.40, p = 0.003] was higher in the Ozaki procedure than in the Ross procedure. There were no patients who underwent pulmonary valve reoperation after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = 0.21; 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 1.23, p = 0.08]. The cumulative reoperation rate after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = 2.29; 95% confidence interval: 0.93, 5.66, p = 0.07] was higher than that of Ross procedure, but the difference was not statistically significant. The cardiopulmonary bypass time after Ozaki procedure [odds ratio = −32.09; 95% confidence interval:−45.05, −19.14, p < 0.00001] was shorter than that of Ross procedure. The incidence of postoperative complications [odds ratio = 0.24; 95% confidence interval: 0.04, 1.62, p = 0.14], aortic cross-clamping time [odds ratio = −20.39; 95% confidence interval: −43.68, 2.90, p = 0.09], ventilator assistance time [odds ratio = 1.71; 95% confidence interval: −42.70, 46.13, p = 0.94], and ICU time [odds ratio = −0.38; 95% confidence interval: −0.93, 0.16, p = 0.17] in Ozaki procedure was not statistically significant compared to Ross procedure.

In the treatment of children with aortic valve disease, there is no statistically significant difference between the Ozaki procedure and the Ross procedure in terms of freedom from reoperation and all-cause mortality.

Double outlet right ventricle is a heterogeneous congenital defect in which both great arteries arise predominantly from the right ventricle. Several operative strategies exist, but contemporary paediatric outcome data have not been systematically synthesised.

A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and medRxiv (2000–2025) identified cohort studies and case series including ≥10 children undergoing biventricular repair strategies reported in double outlet right ventricle cohorts, including intraventricular rerouting procedures, root-based realignment techniques, and neonatal pathway operations such as the Yasui procedure. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted anatomical and operative data, and assessed risk of bias. Early mortality and 10-year survival were pooled using random-effects models with logit transformation.

Thirteen studies (413 children; median follow-up ∼7 years) met inclusion criteria. Early mortality ranged from 0% to 6.8%. Pooled early mortality was 2.7% for Rastelli, 3.6% for REV, and 5.8% for Nikaidoh/Bex operations. Ten-year survival exceeded 90% across all major strategies. Conduit replacement was frequent after Rastelli and Nikaidoh/Bex repair. REV avoided a conduit but required right ventricular outflow tract reinterventions in about one-quarter of patients. Nikaidoh/Bex procedures provided durable left ventricular outflow but showed 19–35% conduit failure. Yasui repairs achieved excellent neonatal survival but required frequent conduit replacement.

Contemporary double outlet right ventricle repair provides excellent long-term survival with early mortality <6%. Procedure selection should consider ventricular septal defect position, risk of postoperative left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, coronary anatomy, and patient size.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a neuro-immune, oxidative, and nitrosative stress (NIMETOX) disorder, in which peripheral immune-redox pathways intersect with metabolic networks leading to neurotoxicity within the limbic-prefrontal affective circuits. Comprehensive metabolomics analysis in well-phenotyped patients is vital to elucidate their metabolic profile.

To identify metabolic abnormalities that differentiate inpatients with severe MDD from healthy controls through high-resolution, untargeted metabolomics.

Serum samples from 125 MDD inpatients and 40 healthy controls were analyzed utilizing liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. A meticulously regulated multistage machine learning pipeline with leakage-prevention protocols was employed to analyze differences between MDD and controls and to predict phenome scores.

Feature selection showed that 16 metabolites and 6 functional modules reliably distinguished MDD. The functional profile of the metabolites indicates a convergence of lipotoxicity, phospholipid remodeling, disruptions in fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial redox imbalance, ether-lipid metabolism, and antioxidant depletion. This MDD metabotype was not affected by metabolic syndrome. A substantial portion of the variance in overall depression severity (72.5%), physiosomatic symptoms (55.8%) and suicidal ideation (23.6%) was accounted for by increased lipotoxicity, phospholipid remodeling, and fatty acid storage/signaling. The recurrence of illness (27.7%) was associated with a self-reinforcing lipid-redox-inflammatory module that maintains cellular stress.

The MDD metabotype represents a cohesive metabolic network that is associated with the NIMETOX pathogenesis of MDD. Metabolomics provides a comprehensive foundation for subtyping and precision psychiatry. Lipoxygenase-15, lipotoxicity, phospholipase A2, and lipid-redox intersections might be important drug targets to treat MDD.

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect is an uncommon congenital cardiac anomaly frequently associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. The coexistence of this defect with anomalous hepatic venous drainage, cor triatriatum, and two arterial ductal connections is extremely rare and may create diagnostic and surgical challenges.

An eleven-month-old female infant with tachypnoea and growth retardation was found to have sinus venosus atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and anomalous hepatic venous drainage to the coronary sinus on CT angiography. Cardiac catheterisation demonstrated a moderate left-to-right shunt and mildly elevated pulmonary artery pressure. Intraoperative assessment unexpectedly revealed two arterial ductal connections and cor triatriatum. Surgical management consisted of closure of the atrial septal defect, rerouting of pulmonary veins, and ligation of both arterial ductal connections. Hepatic venous drainage was left unaltered due to low flow and lack of hemodynamic effect. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.

This rare constellation of anomalies highlights the importance of advanced imaging, careful preoperative planning, and intraoperative vigilance for unanticipated findings in CHD.

‘It was aimed to establish the validity and reliability of the “Mothers’ Breastfeeding Empowerment Scale”’.

Content validity was evaluated with the content validity index (CVI) agreed upon by experts. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for construct validity. Before factor analysis, the sample size was decided using KMO and Bartlett’s Sphericity test. For the reliability study of the scale, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient and total score correlation coefficients of parallel forms were examined.

While 49.9% of the infants were between 4–6 months old, the average age of the infants was determined as 3.64 ± 1.77. 70.6% of the mothers were between the ages of 26–43 and the average age of the mothers was 28.83 ± 5.38. In the factor analysis it was found that item loadings of the scale was between 0.57 and 0.95. Also, the fit values of the scale were within acceptable limits. Additionally, it was determined that there was a high-level positive relationship between the scale used for the parallel form and our scale.

The use of the scale in Turkish society is valid and reliable. Validity and reliability analyses support this.