This note offers a preliminary survey of archives containing photographic material – both digitized and nondigitized – related to northern Ghana. Despite the region’s historical marginalization, this condition has not necessarily resulted in a scarcity of sources. On the contrary, numerous archives preserve rich and underexplored photographic documentation. By identifying and describing key collections across institutions such as the White Fathers phototèque, the Ministry of Information in Accra, the University of Cambridge, the British Museum, the Bodleian Library, the Imperial War Museum, the National Archives in London, and the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, this note seeks to illuminate underexplored visual sources.

Regular physical activity for adults is associated with optimal appetite regulation, though little work has been performed in adolescents. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a study examining appetite across a range of physical activity and adiposity levels in adolescent males. Healthy males (N=46, 14-18 years old) were recruited across four body weight and activity categories: normal weight/high active (n=11), normal weight/low active (n=13), overweight, obese/high active (n=14), overweight, obese/low active (n=8). Participants from each group completed a six-hour appetite assessment session on Day 0, followed immediately by a 14-day free-living physical activity and dietary assessment period on Days 1-14, and a fitness test session occurring between Days 15-18. Subjective and objective assessment of appetite, resting energy expenditure, body composition using dual energy absorptiometry‘, and thermic effect of feeding was conducted on Day 0. Physiological variables in the normal weight low active group that were different than their peers included lower fat-free mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, glucose/fullness response to a standardized meal, thermic effect of feeding in response to a standardized meal, lower self-rated fullness and satiety, and higher self-rated hunger to a standardized meal. Conversely, the overweight, obese high active group displayed better subjective appetite responses, but higher insulin responses to a standardized meal. Taken together, these results suggest that physical inactivity during adolescence has a negative impact on metabolic health and appetite control which may contribute to future weight gain.

Popular narratives suggest that the effects of Christian nationalism should be more heavily concentrated among white Americans. The academic literature on Christian nationalism largely reflects this take, often asserting that it is effectively white Christian nationalism. We question such pronouncements, as they have come without systematic analysis across the broad range of issue areas needed to justify subgroup segmentations. Utilizing national oversamples of Black and Latino Christians (alongside white Christians), we assess the relationship between standard measures of Christian nationalism and attitudes toward policies that vary in their degree of racialization. Our findings qualify typical narratives: consistent with a theory of Christian nationalism as sacralized in-group protection, we find effects that diverge by racial groups on racialized issues but otherwise converge. We close by discussing the implications of these findings and offering suggestions for future work linking race with Christian nationalism.

In recent years, measuring hair cortisol concentration in dairy cows has gained popularity as a welfare indicator. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in dairy cows as an indicator of dairy cow welfare. A total of 290 cows from six commercial herds located in Spain, Italy and Finland (two herds each) were included in the study. A hair sample was taken from each cow and cut into two parts (study period T1 and T2). HCC was measured using an automated assay based on a competitive solid phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Data relevant to each animal and its welfare (animal-based assessment according to the Welfare Quality protocol, veterinary treatments, meteorological data, cows’ parity and stage of lactation) were collected during the study. The welfare data were used to categorize cows into three welfare classes at each study period (T1 and T2), representing animals with good, medium and poor welfare. Analytical validation of the HCC automated assay was performed on a sub-sample of collected hair and included determination of accuracy, precision, sensitivity and stability of the method. A linear mixed model was fitted to explore the associations between log transferred HCC and welfare class, herd, stage of lactation, parity and season. The results of analytical validation showed that the HCC automated assay method was accurate and able to measure HCC in a linear manner with inter- and intra-assay precision with CVs less than 15%. HCC was explained by the variables herd, cow parity and study period (T1 or T2). We found no evidence that lactation stage and welfare class explained HCC at the individual animal level. This study highlights the challenges of using HCC as an indicator of animal welfare on commercial farms.

On 27 October 2021, Cambridge University’s Jesus College commemorated the historic return to Nigeria of the bronze statue of a cockerel called “Okukur.” This was looted from the ancient Kingdom of Benin in 1897 by British colonizers. The college resolved to relinquish ownership to the Oba, who is the cultural, religious, and legal head of Benin. On 23 March 2023, Nigeria’s President Muhammadu Buhari decreed that the “ownership of the artefacts… is vested in the Oba.” The genesis of this order was controversies about the ownership, control, and management of returning objects. This article analyzes the role of the traditional institution of governance in the socio-legal politics of cultural heritage restitution in Nigeria. Building on the traditional leadership’s claims on the returned artworks, it explains the need to use the momentum of restitution to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of the national and international legal systems to protect cultural heritage.

This cross-sectional study examined the association between diet price and diet quality in a national sample of Australian adults (n=1,956). Diet recall data from the 2020 International Food Policy Study (IFPS) was linked with a national food and beverage price dataset. Daily diet price was calculated by summing the median non-promotional prices of all foods and beverages recorded in diet recall data, priced per gram (or millilitre) and adjusted for edible portions. Diet quality was determined using the Australian Dietary Guideline Index 2013 (scored out of 115). Linear regression models tested the association between the diet price (per dollar, and per ten-dollar increments) and diet quality, adjusted for education, age and sex. A positive association was observed, where diet quality increased by 0.09 units (95% CI, 0.05-0.14) for every $AU 1 increase in diet price. Daily diet price explained approximately 8% of the variation in diet quality across the sample (R2=0.08). When categorised in ten-dollar increments, participants with diet prices <$AU 10/day had a lower mean diet quality score (51.96) compared to all other diet price categories, 5-6 points lower than those whose diet was >$30/day. Diet price was a modest, yet significant determinant of diet quality for Australian adults in 2020. Additional analyses are needed to investigate these associations during recent food price inflation. As diet quality appears to be lowest for people who spend the least on food, government action to increase priority communities’ food budgets may help improve the nutritional quality of population diets.

Shift work-induced circadian disruption has been linked to various cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Limited studies have explored the impact of different variables such as night work durations, intensities, and chronotype on cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to determine the impact of circadian disruption on cardiometabolic risk markers in shift workers. This case-control study was conducted with 104 male workers (shift workers; n=52, mean age ±SD; 43.3±10.2, and non-shift workers; n=52, mean age ±SD; 41.2±9.8). Shift work details were determined via an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Cardiometabolic risk was evaluated through anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, and body composition), biochemical (fasting glucose and lipid profile), clinical (blood pressure), and dietary assessment (24-hour recalls from working and non-working days). The chronotype was determined via the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ). Shift workers had significantly higher mean body fat percentage (31.7, 22.7% p=0.031), systolic blood pressure (138.6, 128.5 mmHg p=0.009), pulse rate (78.7, 72.3 bpm p=0.015), triglycerides (1.60, 1.30mmol/l p=0.021), and LDL-C (3.90, 3.40 mmol/l p=0.012) than non-shift workers. Evening chronotype shift workers had significantly higher visceral fat levels (12.8, 8.90 p=0.001), systolic blood pressure (137.0, 127.6 mmHg p=0.006), pulse rate (82.7, 73.3 bpm p=0.005), and LDL-C (4.00,3.40 mmol/l p=0.039) than shift workers with a morning chronotype. In conclusion, shift workers exhibited higher metabolic risk markers than non-shift workers. Shift workers with evening chronotypes had higher cardiometabolic risk than morning chronotypes. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform targeted interventions for individuals engaged in shift work, considering chronotypes.

The productivity of dairy animals is heavily reliant on the timely access to sufficient, high-quality fodder. This study analyzes the ex-post impact of Model Fodder Villages on the livelihood security of dairy farmers in Bundelkhand region of central India. The study used cross-sectional data from 437 farmers and employed the inverse-propensity-weighting regression adjustment (IPWRA) method for impact evaluation and verified the robustness of the results through matching methods. The findings show that dairy farmers in model fodder villages are 14–19% more likely to improve habitat security, 19–21% more likely to enhance economic security, and 13–16% more likely to increase food security. Our findings also indicate that factors such as age, education, household size, dependency ratio, off-farm income, adult cattle units, and access to roads, markets, credit, and training play significant roles in adopting improved fodder practices. The study's methodology provides a reliable approach to evaluating the impact of interventions that improve access to fodder and related resources, aiming to enhance the livelihoods of dairy farmers and agricultural communities.

We surveyed SHEA Research Network institutions in the U.S. to characterize penicillin allergy delabeling practices. Although most institutions reported active delabeling programs, we found substantial variability in these initiatives. Reported barriers included minimal electronic health record (EHR) integration and time constraints. Expanding non-allergist-led programs and EHR integration are critical to optimizing and advancing delabeling.

This paper explores self-exile as a form of feminist resistance within the Iranian diaspora, focusing on feminist activists in Germany during the Jin, Jiyan, Azadî uprising of 2022–2023. Drawing on biographical interviews and Sara Ahmed’s concept of willfulness, the study examines how activists chose visible political engagement despite the risk of permanently losing the possibility of return to Iran. Self-exile is conceptualized as a complex act of agency: simultaneously disempowering due to physical separation from the place of origin and empowering through bodily autonomy, political consciousness, and resistance to fear. The testimonies highlight the ambivalence of self-exile—its empowering and transformative dimensions alongside profound emotional loss and turmoil. By framing self-exile as a deliberate feminist stance, this research contributes to understanding exile and diaspora as evolving, overlapping categories, foregrounding the embodied, affective, and political complexities of feminist subjectivity across borders.