Executive functioning (EF) impairments are widely known to represent transdiagnostic risk factors of psychopathology. However, a recent alternative account has been proposed, according to which EF impairments emerge as consequences of psychopathology.

Using a longitudinal cross-lagged panel network analysis approach, we tested these competing theoretical accounts at different stages during adolescence. We used data from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders, in which 61% of individuals at wave 1 were selected due to their high risk for psychopathology. Participants were assessed across three assessment waves during early (wave 1: n = 1,992, mean age = 10.20 years) and middle adolescence (wave 2: n = 1,633, mean age = 13.48 years; wave 3: n = 1,439, mean age = 18.20 years). We examined associations between working memory, inhibitory control, and broad-band measures of psychopathology.

During early adolescence, lower inhibitory control was a risk factor for externalizing problems that, in turn, predicted lower working memory capacity. During middle adolescence, bidirectional associations became more prominent: inhibitory control and working memory functioned as both risk factors and consequences. Externalizing problems both predicted and were predicted by poor inhibitory control. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms showed bidirectional associations over time. Externalizing problems predicted more internalizing symptoms, whereas internalizing symptoms predicted fewer externalizing problems during middle adolescence.

Our results corroborate dynamic theories that describe executive dysfunctions as precursors and consequences of psychopathology in middle adolescence.

Knowledge of environmental triggers for migraine attacks is limited and has mostly been acquired by studies using emergency room (ER) visits. However, it is unlikely that ER visits are a random sample of migraine events, even within strata of migraine severity. Additionally, time lags between attack onset and ER visits may vary across the population, posing challenges for assessing causal links of migraine with community-level or ecologic exposures.

Our objective was to assess the relationship between demographic and geographic measures and self-reported migraine-related ER visits.

We analyzed a targeted non-probability survey of ER use related to migraine in Canada and the USA. The 18-question online survey addressed ER use and behaviors related to recording attacks.

The final dataset included 389 respondents (Canada = 164 [42.2%], USA = 225 [57.8%]); 51 (13.1%) were Migraine Buddy app users who shared their diaries. In both countries, participants reported similar migraine symptoms. Barriers to attending the ER included cost and wait times. There was more variability in delays between attack onset and arrival to the ER than between onset and recording in the smartphone app. Younger participants and participants living in Canada were significantly more likely to present to the ER.

The sample of patients presenting to the ER for migraine may be biased toward younger patients and depend on the jurisdiction. Smartphone app records may have fewer barriers to creation and more consistent time lags compared to ER visit records.

Paternal perinatal mental health influences subsequent child development, yet is under-investigated. This study aims to examine the impact of different timings of paternal perinatal anxiety (prenatal-only, postnatal-only, and both pre-and postnatally) on children’s subsequent emotional and behavioral difficulties.

We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and tested the prospective associations between anxiety in fathers and adverse mental health outcomes in children at 3 years, 6 months and 7 years, 7 months.

Children whose fathers were anxious in the perinatal period were at higher risk of subsequent adverse outcomes, compared to children whose fathers were not anxious perinatally. At 3 years, 6 months, the highest risk group was the one with fathers anxious prenatally-only; compared to children with non-anxious fathers, children in the prenatal-only group were significantly more likely to present mental health difficulties, measured by total problems (unadjOR = 1.82, 95%CI [1.28, 2.53]). At 7 years, 7 months, children exposed to paternal anxiety both pre- and postnatally were at higher risk of any psychiatric disorder (unadjOR = 2.35, 95%CI [1.60, 3.37]) compared to the non-anxious group.

Paternal perinatal anxiety is a risk factor for child adverse outcomes, even after accounting for maternal mental health, child temperament, and sociodemographic factors, and should not be overlooked in research and clinical practice.

Mood and anxiety disorders co-occur and share symptoms, treatments and genetic risk, but it is unclear whether combining them into a single phenotype would better capture genetic variation. The contribution of common genetic variation to these disorders has been investigated using a range of measures; however, the differences in their ability to capture variation remain unclear, while the impact of rare variation is mostly unexplored.

We aimed to explore the contributions of common genetic variation and copy number variations associated with risk of psychiatric morbidity (P-CNVs) to different measures of internalising disorders.

We investigated eight definitions of mood and anxiety disorder, and a combined internalising disorder, derived from self-report questionnaires, diagnostic assessments and electronic healthcare records (EHRs). Association of these definitions with polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorder, as well as presence of a P-CNV, was assessed.

The effect sizes of both PRSs and P-CNVs were similar for mood and anxiety disorder. Compared to mood and anxiety disorder, internalising disorder resulted in higher prediction accuracy for PRSs, and increased significance of associations with P-CNVs for most definitions. Comparison across the eight definitions showed that PRSs had higher prediction accuracy and effect sizes for stricter definitions, whereas P-CNVs were more strongly associated with EHR- and self-report-based definitions.

Future studies may benefit from using a combined internalising disorder phenotype, and may need to consider that different phenotype definitions may be more informative depending on whether common or rare variation is studied.

In the face of increasing global crises and conflict, responding immediately to a disaster with life-saving interventions is an identified gap. Rapidly deployable, highly mobile surgical teams with prepared logistics and equipment is an identified solution to meet this need.

Develop a Mobile Surgical Theater (MST) that is adaptable to both sudden onset and conflict driven disasters. The MST should be immediately deployable on commercial aircraft. The team members will be trained not only on the clinical aspects but also the operational components of the MST. The MST should hold the ability to provide five major surgeries daily for the duration of response and be fully self-sufficient.

Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) in Mobile Surgical and Golden Hour Surgical teams were consulted throughout development. Thorough research, testing, and development was performed on all components to ensure good function and reliability. While developing training and objectives, SMEs were also consulted to ensure optimal learning. All aspects of development and training used a collaborative, team driven approach.

Samaritan’s Purse currently maintains two MST units, prepositioned and ready to deploy. This includes four trained teams with future trainings planned. Samaritan’s Purse maintains logistics and supply chain to ensure readiness for rapid deployment.

Samaritan’s Purse stands ready to deploy Mobile Surgical Teams into complex disaster scenarios. The rapid and nimble nature of the MST ensures delivery of quality lifesaving care into areas and timeframes previously unmet through traditional disaster response mechanisms.