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Volume III uncovers the radical transformations of European cities from 1850 until the twenty-first century. The volume explores how modern developments in urban environments, socio-cultural dynamics, the relation between work and leisure, and governance have transformed urban life. It highlights these complex processes across different regions, showcasing the latest scholarship and current challenges in the field. The first half provides an overview on the urban development of European regions in the West, North, Centre, East-South-East, and South, and the interconnectedness of European urbanism with the Americas and Africa. The second half explores major themes in European urban history, from the conceptualisation of cities, their built fabric and environment, and the continuities, rhythms, and changes in their social, political, economic, and cultural histories. Using transborder, transregional, and transdisciplinary approaches to discern traits that characterise modern and contemporary European urbanism, the volume invites readers to reconsider major paradigms of European urban history.
Volume II charts European urbanism between 700–1850, the millennium during which Europe became the world's most urbanised region. Featuring thirty-six chapters from leading scholars working on all the major linguistic areas of Europe, the volume offers a state-of-the-art survey that explores and explains this transformation, how similar or different such processes were across Europe, and how far it is possible to discern traits that characterise European urbanism in this period. The first half of the volume offers overviews on the urban history of Mediterranean Europe, Atlantic and North Sea Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, and European urbanisms around the world. The second half explores major themes, from the conceptualisation of cities and their material fabric to continuities and changes in the social, political, economic, religious, and cultural histories of cities and towns.
The second volume focuses on the years of upheaval during the American Revolution between 1775 and 1789. It breaks new ground by surveying a wide range of internal conflicts in the thirteen colonies, the trauma of a bloody war and its consequences, as well as the continental, hemispheric, and global forces shaping warfare and politics in this era. Together, the essays expand our understanding of how various people navigated military occupation, community conflict, governmental paralysis, interpersonal relationships, institutional collapse, and the slipperiness of allegiances. Through sweeping interpretative essays and micro-history viewpoints, the volume highlights the interplay of class, race, and gender in a wartime context and how these dynamics played out and were influenced by broader geopolitical developments. The depths of division and grand possibilities are explored – and interrupt our long-standing notions of traditional linear narratives of nation-making in this era.
The first volume delves into how the context of the American Revolution was set, taking readers across North America and the world to reveal the far-flung people, events, institutions, cultures, and ideas that led to its inception. Through a global lens, the volume shows how empires struggled with political and economic reforms, as well as popular protest, while competing and warring with each other. On a continental scale, long-term environmental and economic structures, native peoples, colonial settlers, and their interactions set the parameters for revolutionary conflict. Focusing on the thirteen colonies, -particularly groups who are traditionally overlooked- the essays shed light on the specific milieus in which the Revolution took place, examining and reinterpreting the iconic events leading up to independence and war. A mixture of broad topical essays and short innovative “viewpoints”, together the essays question notions of American exceptionalism while emphasizing both change and continuity.
Theatre does not merely use technology – it is a technology. In this paradigm-shifting study, W. B. Worthen shows how the dynamics of obsolescence and affective nostalgia that shape the passing of technologies into history also shape and reshape theatrical practice. Locating theatre within rather than outside the orbit of media studies, Theatre as Technology traces the theatre's absorption of, and absorption by, digital culture. Treating subjects as wide-ranging as pandemic-era Zoom theatre, on-stage video and sound technologies, and artificial intelligence, Worthen locates a moment of transformational change in the idea of the theatre, change prompted by the theatre's always-changing, and so always obsolescing, material technologies.
In this innovative reinterpretation of the economic history of Africa and Europe, Warren C. Whatley argues that freedom from Western-style slavery is the origin of modern Western economic growth. Such freedom was achieved around the 13th century in Western European Christendom by making enslavement among European Christians a sin but still a recognized property right and form of wealth. After 1500, the triangular trade in the North Atlantic integrates the slave and free sectors of expanding European Empires, spreading freedom and development in Europe and slavery and underdevelopment in Africa. Whatley documents when the slave and/or free sectors drove the expansion of Empire, and how exposure to slave trades in Africa spread institutions and norms better suited to capturing and trading people – slavery, polygyny, ethnic stratification and inherited aristocracies – some of the mechanisms through which the past is still felt in Africa today.
As physical science advances, theoretical simulations become increasingly reflective of realistic systems, and experimental observations become more precise and refined. Thus, going beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation is inevitable. This book bases its discussion of condensed matter physics on the Schrödinger equation, considering both nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom. Particular attention is given to two types of phenomena: those, such as nuclear quantum effects, for which the Born–Oppenheimer approximation, although applicable in principle, is progressively weakened in practice, and those that cannot be applied at all, such as phenomena exhibiting non-adiabatic effects. In practical systems, the full quantum nature of condensed matter, as emphasized in this book, cannot be overlooked when performing accurate simulations or measurements of material properties. This book offers state-of-the-art quantum theoretical and experimental methods, valuable for undergraduates, graduates, researchers, and industry professionals in fields such as physics, chemistry, materials science, energy, and environmental science.
This handbook introduces Human Nature and Conduct, John Dewey's groundbreaking book about moral psychology and moral philosophy, to a new generation. In his classic work, Dewey redefined impulse, habit, and intelligence: not as isolated individual traits, but as socially conditioned factors shaping human thought and action. His ultimate insight is that growth is the only moral good, and that morality is, at its core, a matter of education. Featuring contributions by leading international scholars, this volume presents expert insights into Dewey's unique psychological framework and its far-reaching impact on moral philosophy and education. The book also tackles contemporary moral dilemmas, from environmental protection and healthcare rationing to sexual liberation and religious transformation, demonstrating how Dewey's thought remains as vital today as ever.
Analytic philosophy of religion is a vibrant area of inquiry, but it has generally focused on generic forms of theism or on Christianity. David Shatz here offers a new and fresh approach to the field in a wide-ranging and engaging introduction to the analytic philosophy of religion from the perspective of Judaism. Exploring classical Jewish texts about philosophical topics in light of the concepts and arguments at the heart of analytic philosophy, he demonstrates how each tradition illuminates the other, yielding a deeper understanding of both Jewish sources and general philosophical issues. Shatz also advances growing efforts to imagine Jewish philosophy not only as an engrossing, invaluable part of Jewish intellectual history, but also as a creative, constructive enterprise that mines the methods and literature of contemporary philosophy. His book offers new pathways to think deeply about God, evil, morality, freedom, ethics, and religious diversity, among other topics.
This innovative study introduces the concept of xiangchou – homesickness and rural nostalgia – to English-language scholarship, using it as a lens through which to explore rural development in contemporary China. Using hometown ethnography, Linda Qian takes a village in Zhejiang province as her primary case study to demonstrate the emotional, social and political forces shaping rural return migration and development policies. Through personal narratives and state-led initiatives, she reveals how xiangchou functions as both a 'structure of feeling' and a tool of affective governance. By intertwining lived experiences with broader social and political contexts, this study highlights the overlapping desires projected onto the countryside and underscores the significance of the 'rural' in the traditional concept of the 'hometown'.
Bring life to your curriculum with this comprehensive, yet versatile book that explores core disaster medicine principles through vivid emergency medicine cases. Each case has been crafted to suit a wide range of learners – from novice to practitioner. The ready-to-teach cases are scalable and customizable to any learning environment, from low-resource teaching settings to high-fidelity simulation labs. Covering the basics of simulation to advanced disaster response strategies, cases cover natural and human-made disasters, including pandemics, building collapses, mass gathering medicine, and blast injuries, providing hands-on learning opportunities that can be used to enhance understanding and retention. Each case follows a standard structure including teaching objectives, discussion points, a timeline, and critical actions. With a mix of scenarios and flexible application, this resource will ensure every learner is prepared with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate complexities associated with real-world emergencies while learning core disaster medicine principles.
Why are legislatures in some authoritarian regimes more powerful than others? Why does influence on policies and politics vary across dictatorships? To answer these questions, Lawmaking under Authoritarianism extends the power-sharing theory of authoritarian government to argue that autocracies with balanced factional politics have more influential legislatures than regimes with unbalanced or unstable factional politics. Where factional politics is balanced, autocracies have reviser legislatures that amend and reject significant shares of executive initiatives and are able to block or reverse policies preferred by dictators. When factional politics is unbalanced, notary legislatures may amend executive bills but rarely reject them, and regimes with unstable factional politics oscillate between these two extremes. Lawmaking under Authoritarianism employs novel datasets based on extensive archival research to support these findings, including strong qualitative case studies for past dictatorships in Argentina, Brazil, and Spain.
Impressionist painting was the dominant art form of its time, and one to which English-speaking poets were profoundly responsive. Yet the relationship between impressionism and poetry has largely been overlooked by literary critics. After Impressionism rectifies this oversight by offering the first extended account of impressionism's transformative impact on anglophone verse. Through close readings of the creative and critical writings of Arthur Symons, W. B. Yeats, Ford Madox Ford, the Forgotten School of 1909 and Ezra Pound, it argues that important ideas in the history of modern poetry-ideas such as decadence, symbolism, vers libre and imagism-were formulated as expressions of (or sometimes as antidotes to) impressionist aesthetics. In doing so, it suggests that impressionism was one of the crucial terms-often the crucial term-through and against which English verse of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was defined. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
This Companion presents an authoritative study of British utopian literature and culture in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Written by leading scholars, it offers a wide-ranging account of utopian thinking in novels, plays, films, TV, fanzines, and poetry. Scholars and students interested in the utopian imagination will find nuanced analyses of British texts, situated within their materialist contexts. With a particular focus on countercultural and subcultural narratives, the book explores how British utopian visions of better societies offer a forceful critique of contemporary inequities such as racism, gender-based violence, class politics, and ecological harm. Blending the utopian with other genres, including the dystopia, the post-apocalypse, and ecocatastrophe narratives, the texts discussed reveal powerful images of utopian possibility. These works offer us vital imaginative and critical resources at a time of ongoing political, economic, and social crises.
Is God a necessary being? Infinite yet simple? Creator of a world that seems equally able to explain itself? In this volume, prize-winning philosopher Lenn Goodman probes key religious questions against the backdrop of sacred texts and philosophical classics. In dialogue with a range of philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to Philo, Maimonides, Spinoza, Hume, and Kant, he examines the relationship between truth and the idea of God. Exploring the nexus between theism and logic, he probes ontological and design arguments, the anthropic principle, the problem of evil, the nature of justice and fairness, and the purpose and meaning of art. Goodman provocatively asks what science would look like if scientists allowed themselves to voice religious responses to their discoveries, as Einstein did. Finally, he probes the insights and examples of the morally virtuous, such as Moses, Albert Schweitzer, and Mahatma Gandhi.
Female combatants are often central to rebel groups' outreach strategies, yet their impact on foreign support remains unclear. This Element examines how the presence of female fighters shapes international perceptions and support, drawing on original survey experiments in the United States and Tunisia as well as cross-national observational data. The findings demonstrate that foreign audiences are more likely to endorse government sponsorship of rebel groups with female combatants, perceiving them as more gender-equal, democratic, morally legitimate, and as less likely to harm civilians, even when they are agents of political violence. These favorable perceptions, in turn, increase the likelihood that democratic states will offer material support. In addition to establishing gender composition as a factor influencing external support in armed conflicts, this Element contributes to broader debates on the gender equality–peace nexus, humanitarian aid, rebel legitimacy, and gender stereotypes in nontraditional political spheres.
This Element focuses on three Chinese productions of The Vagina Monologues (TVM, 1996), a radical-feminist play by the North American artist and activist Eve Ensler: Yin Dao Du Bai (The Vagina Monologues, 2003), Yin Dao Zhi Dao (Vagina's Way, 2013), and Dao Yin (Saying Vagina, 2021). Each production was staged in and informed by the changing landscape of Chinese feminism: from 2003 to the early 2010s, the making of TVM was a process of exploring the subject position of an autonomous citizen, but from 2015, feminist theatre making had to contend with gains being eroded by state neoliberalism, an issue reflected in the third performance, Dao Yin (2021). Drawing on this historical analysis, in the fifth and final section, the author proposes the concept of 'collapsed feminisms' to argue that Chinese feminist theatres from 2003 to 2021 staged an extremely complicated scene where all these feminisms overlapped and 'collapsed' together.