In this issue of BJPsych Advances Siddaway explores the challenges of assessing and treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD. In this commentary I reflect on those challenges, not least of which is the need for a thorough understanding of different approaches to diagnoses. The very concept of diagnostic classification systems can be problematic, but when used sensitively they can aid communication, assessment and treatment. The relatively new diagnosis of complex PTSD may serve as a more accurate and more useful description of some psychological difficulties, leading to better treatment decisions. Good assessment, leading to accurate diagnosis, useful formulation and effective treatment takes time, and adequate resources should be allocated. Professionals can help patients to make well-informed choices about treatment options and they should offer evidence-based treatments without unnecessary delay.

In this paper, we consider a range of trans-inclusive approaches to gender concepts and how they relate to the world, from family resemblance theories to conceptual engineering. In so doing, we shall also examine several concepts that are analogous to gender and other controversial and not-so-controversial concepts, such as “vegan cheese” and “adoptive parents.” Having assessed their merits and demerits, we argue that our gender concepts are not fixed in stone but, rather, evolve alongside human practices and behavior.

Florence, Bibliotheca Riccardiana MS 996 is an interesting miscellany of late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century texts. Among the manuscript's curious content is Dominici Cerbonii Tifernatis TERtheus Magus (‘The Triple God Magus of Domenico Cerbonio from Città di Castello’, fols 7r–10v). Evenly written in a neat humanistic cursive, with rubrication for the titles and a single marginal note (interpreted here as a stage direction), these folios form an account, in Latin prose and verse, of a necromantic ritual performed by members of the Roman Academy in which the shades of Cicero and Virgil are conjured from the pagan underworld to admire the Renaissance city. It is tempting to take this pagan rite as proof of the charges of heresy levelled at members of the Academy for which they were arrested and imprisoned in Castel Sant'Angelo on the orders of Pope Paul II Barbo (r. 1464–71) during Lent, 1468. However, this paper argues that the texts are evidence of a dramatic performance with scenery (or at least a theatrical backdrop) staged by the members of the reformed Academy as part of their annual celebrations of the Palilia (or Parilia) on Rome's birthday 21 April c. 1501.

This work proposes a novel grasp detection method, the Efficient Grasp Aware Network (EGA-Net), for robotic visual grasp detection. Our method obtains semantic information for grasping through feature extraction. It efficiently obtains feature channel weights related to grasping tasks through the constructed ECA-ResNet module, which can smooth the network’s learning. Meanwhile, we use concatenation to obtain low-level features with rich spatial information. Our method inputs an RGB-D image and outputs the grasp poses and their quality score. The EGA-Net is trained and tested on the Cornell and Jacquard datasets, and we achieve 98.9% and 95.8% accuracy, respectively. The proposed method only takes 24 ms for real-time performance to process an RGB-D image. Moreover, our method achieved better results in the comparison experiment. In the real-world grasp experiments, we use a 6-degree of freedom (DOF) UR-5 robotic arm to demonstrate its robust grasping of unseen objects in various scenes. We also demonstrate that our model can successfully grasp different types of objects without any processing in advance. The experiment results validate our model’s exceptional robustness and generalization.

Three fish blood flukes (Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912) infect mullets (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae): Cardicola mugilis Yamaguti, 1970 and Plethorchis acanthus Martin, 1975 infect striped mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Central Pacific Ocean (Hawaiian Islands) and Brisbane River (Australia), respectively; Cardicola brasiliensis Knoff & Amato, 1992 infects Lebranche mullet, Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Brazil). White mullets were cast-netted from the mouth of Deer River, a coastal saltmarsh of Mobile Bay, in the north-central Gulf of Mexico and examined for blood fluke infections. Specimens of Mugilitrema labowskiae Warren & Bullard n. gen., n. sp. were found infecting the endocardial surface and inter-trabecular spaces of the atrium, ventricle, and bulbous arteriosus. The new genus and species differ from all other aporocotylids by having the combination of two post-caecal testes, a uterus with straight ascending and descending portions, and a common genital pore. The 28S analysis recovered the new species and P. acanthus as sister taxa and Aporocotylidae as monophyletic. Carditis associated with intense infections comprised endocardial hyperplasia, resulting in a thickened cardiac endothelium. Probable dead or deteriorating eggs in the myocardium were encapsulated by granulomas composed of epithelioid histiocytes. Live eggs infected the afferent artery of gill filaments and were associated with varied hyperplasia of the overlying epithelium and haemorrhaging from the afferent artery in high-intensity infections. The new species is the first aporocotylid infecting a mullet from the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and only the second description of demonstrable endocarditis attributed to an adult fish blood fluke infection.

We perform a multifractal analysis of homological growth rates of oriented geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces. Our main result provides a formula for the Hausdorff dimension of level sets of prescribed growth rates in terms of a generalized Poincaré exponent of the Fuchsian group. We employ symbolic dynamics developed by Bowen and Series, ergodic theory and thermodynamic formalism to prove the analyticity of the dimension spectrum.

The Secretarybird Sagittarius serpentarius is a charismatic raptor of the grasslands and open savannas of Africa. Evidence of widespread declines across the continent has led to the assessment that the species is at risk of becoming extinct. Southern Africa was identified as a remaining stronghold for the species, but the status of this population requires reassessment. To determine the status of the species in South Africa, Lesotho, and Eswatini, we analysed data from a citizen science project, the Southern African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP). We implemented novel time-to-detection modelling, as well as summarisation of changes in reporting rates, using standard metrics, to determine the trajectory of the population. To cross-validate our findings, we used data from another citizen science project, the Coordinated Avifaunal Roadcounts (CAR) project. While our results were in agreement with previous studies that have reported significant declines when comparing SABAP1 (1987–1992) and SABAP2 (2007 and onwards), all analysis pathways that examined data within the SABAP2 period only, as well as CAR data from this period, failed to show an alarming declining trend over this more recent time period. We did, however, find some evidence for decreases in Secretarybird abundance in urban grid cells. We used random forest models to predict probability of occurrence, as well as probability of abundance (reporting rates) for the assessed region and provided population estimates based on these analysis pathways. Continued monitoring and conservation efforts are required to guard this population stronghold.

Visual odometry (VO) is a key technology for estimating camera motion from captured images. In this paper, we propose a novel RGB-D visual odometry by constructing and matching features at the superpixel level that represents better adaptability in different environments than state-of-the-art solutions. Superpixels are content-sensitive and perform well in information aggregation. They could thus characterize the complexity of the environment. Firstly, we designed the superpixel-based feature SegPatch and its corresponding 3D representation MapPatch. By using the neighboring information, SegPatch robustly represents its distinctiveness in various environments with different texture densities. Due to the inclusion of depth measurement, the MapPatch constructs the scene structurally. Then, the distance between SegPatches is defined to characterize the regional similarity. We use the graph search method in scale space for searching and matching. As a result, the accuracy and efficiency of matching process are improved. Additionally, we minimize the reprojection error between the matched SegPatches and estimate camera poses through all these correspondences. Our proposed VO is evaluated on the TUM dataset both quantitatively and qualitatively, showing good balance to adapt to the environment under different realistic conditions.

Endometrial receptivity is the ability of the endometrium to accept embryos. Thus, endometrial receptivity dysfunction is an important factor leading to embryo implantation failure. A good endometrial receptivity provides a suitable environment for embryo implantation, improving the embryo implantation rate. The “implantation window” stage, or the receptive stage of the endometrium, is regulated by various hormones, genes, proteins and cytokines, among which microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes have a regulatory effect on endometrial receptivity. This review outlines the relationship between endometrial receptivity and pregnancy, the mRNAs and related signalling pathways that regulate endometrial receptivity, and the regulatory role of miRNA in endometrial receptivity, providing a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA on endometrial receptivity in humans and animals and reference for the endometrial receptivity-related research.

This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based nonlinear model predictive visual servoing method for mobile robots. The ANN model is developed for state predictions to mitigate the unknown dynamics and parameter uncertainty issues of the physics-based (PB) model. To enhance both the model generalization and accuracy for control, a two-stage ANN training process is proposed. In a pretraining stage, highly diversified data accommodating broad operating ranges is generated by a PB kinematics model and used to train an ANN model first. In the second stage, the test data collected from the actual system, which is limited in both the diversity and the volume, are employed to further finetune the ANN weights. Path-following experiments are conducted to compare the effects of various ANN models on nonlinear model predictive control and visual servoing performance. The results confirm that the pretraining stage is necessary for improving model generalization. Without pretraining (i.e., model trained only with the test data), the robot fails to follow the entire track. Weight finetuning with the captured data further improves the tracking accuracy by 0.07–0.15 cm on average.

Moritz Altenried's The Digital Factory (2022) accomplishes in just under two hundred pages what many other books twice that length have struggled with: assembling a concise yet readable introductory map to the global, fragmented, and too-often hidden landscape of digitally-mediated capitalism. But the digital factory itself is an incomplete concept, almost always requiring us to look for the external and contingent labor support hidden just outside of its supposedly totalizing network of logistics, robotics and algorithms.

This paper introduces a new set of comprehensive and cross-country-comparable indexes of migration policy selectivity. Crucially, these reflect the multidimensional nature of the differential treatment of migrants. We use these indexes to study the evolution of migration policy selectivity and estimate how they affect migration flows. Combining all publicly available and relevant data since WWII, we build three composite indexes that identify selectivity in terms of skills, economic resources and nationality. First, we use these to characterize migration policies in 42 countries between 1990 and 2014. Second, we examine the relationship between the selectivity of migration policy and migration flows. Each of the three dimensions of migration policy is found to correlate strongly and significantly with both the size and structure of migration flows.