More than twenty-five years after the first signs of potential harm, the US remains locked in the grip of an opioid epidemic, with more Americans dying from overdoses than ever before.1 Diversion of prescription opioids plays an important role in opioid-related harms. Much of the scientific and public health focus on diversion has been on end-users, given how commonly non-medical prescription opioid use occurs, as well as the proportion of individuals who report that their source of non-medical opioids was friends or family. However, diversion of opioids, as well as their rampant oversupply, can be discerned higher up the supply chain, including among wholesalers, pharmacies and rogue prescribers whose behavior may trigger well-described “flags” warranting further evaluation and action.

Modern historians have repeatedly cast Sri Lanka’s historical female monarchs as ‘queens’, without critically reflecting on the conceptual limits and nuances of that term. Through a close examination of sources from the early second millennium, and their reception by scholars from the colonial period onwards, I demonstrate that Sri Lanka’s female monarchs—particularly Līlāvatī of Poḷonnaruva (r. 1197–1200, 1209, and 1210)—engaged in a more creative and subversive performance of gender than modern ‘queenship’ allows. In particular, I argue, a discourse of kingship’s inherent masculinity, advanced in literary and didactic texts written primarily by male monastics, was too-willingly accepted by colonial-period scholars. Closer attention to the material evidence of Līlāvatī’s reign, however, challenges this discourse and further suggests a politics of gender beyond the binary.

By simultaneously estimating satellite clock drifts (SCDs) as either constant parameters or piece-wise parameters, we present an improved integrated orbit determination and time synchronization approach for BDS-3 satellites with raw inter-satellite link (ISL) observations. Experiments with L-band data from seven monitoring stations in China and ISL data from eight satellites of the third-generation Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) were carried out and the two SCD estimation strategies are validated. It is demonstrated that, with SCDs estimated, the quality of orbits and clock offsets is comparable to those with SCDs corrected using predicted values. The accuracy of the estimated orbits and clocks are up to 0.019 m (radial) and 0.095 ns, respectively, with improvements of 95% and 90%, when compared with the results using the L-band data alone. It is also demonstrated that estimating SCDs time slice by time slice is slightly worse in accuracy but superior in coping with possible frequency jump of satellite clocks.

The tendency to reduce the movements of performers in media art to data results in a flattening of identities and makes the performers’ essence seemingly insignificant. Two case studies showcase what might be lost through datafication, even as they resist it: Lucinda Childs “walking” in Bach 6 Solo by Robert Wilson, and Michael Jackson standing still at the start of his 1993 Super Bowl Halftime show. The desire to detach the body from aesthetic significance can be traced back to America’s historical racism.

Cet article explore les dynamiques historiques et politiques qui articulent l’identification, l’état civil et la citoyenneté en Côte d’Ivoire. Il s’intéresse à des communautés rurales déplacées de Haute-Volta dans les années 1930 et installées par le gouvernement colonial français dans des « villages coloniaux » autour de Bouaflé. Maintenus jusqu’aux années 1990 dans un statut ambigu d’étrangers immigrés, ces individus rencontrent aujourd’hui encore des difficultés pour obtenir des documents d’identité auprès de l’administration locale et demeurent, malgré leur naturalisation collective, dans un statut liminal d’exception juridique et politique. À la suite de la crise ivoirienne (2002-2011), la vieille question de la citoyenneté s’est vue reformulée en termes de « risque d’apatridie » par le gouvernement et les organisations internationales. L’article reconstitue l’histoire de la discrimination de ces personnes et de leur lutte pour obtenir des « papiers ». Il montre que ni la réforme de l’état civil ni celle de la biométrie n’ont radicalement modifié leur insécurité documentaire ou les vieux stéréotypes qui continuent à structurer les représentations de l’appartenance nationale. Les « autochtones » continuent ainsi de rattacher la citoyenneté des « villages voltaïques » à la mémoire historique de la gouvernance coloniale. Il s’avère finalement que les nouvelles technologies biométriques, bien que visant à dépolitiser la question de l’identification, sont loin de réduire les risques d’apatridie et pourraient même ouvrir la voie à sa consolidation numérique.

The last decade has seen the establishment of eight community courts (CCs) in Israel, representing a significant shift from the mainstream criminal justice approach. Inspired by the Red Hook Community Justice Center in Brooklyn, New York, the Israeli CCs reflect an understanding of the links between local communities, crime and rehabilitation. The authors have evaluated the CCs since their inauguration, first in a formative study and then in an evaluation study. The present article focuses on three research modules that were utilized in these studies: the process characterization, which was based on structured observations of court hearings during the formative study; the subjective experiences of court participants, which were collected via in-depth interviews with programme participants; and the recidivism module, which compared the repeat offending patterns of programme participants with those of mainstream court defendants. Rather than detailing the findings of these modules, the paper uses them as examples, offering an open discussion about the process of conducting such studies: the selection of research questions that go beyond the traditional question of repeat offending and their possible theoretical contribution; the methodological, logistical and ethical choices that are made and their underlying considerations; and the obstacles that researchers face en route.