Let $(S,L)$ be a general polarised Enriques surface, with L not numerically 2-divisible. We prove the existence of regular components of all Severi varieties of irreducible nodal curves in the linear system $|L|$, that is, for any number of nodes $\delta =0, \ldots , p_a(L)-1$. This solves a classical open problem and gives a positive answer to a recent conjecture of Pandharipande–Schmitt, under the additional condition of non-2-divisibility.

We study the Hodge and weight filtrations on the localization along a hypersurface, using methods from birational geometry and the V-filtration induced by a local defining equation. These filtrations give rise to ideal sheaves called weighted Hodge ideals, which include the adjoint ideal and a multiplier ideal. We analyze their local and global properties, from which we deduce applications related to singularities of hypersurfaces of smooth varieties.

We introduce the notion of a simple fibration in $(1,2)$-surfaces – that is, a hypersurface inside a certain weighted projective space bundle over a curve such that the general fibre is a minimal surface of general type with $p_g=2$ and $K^2=1$. We prove that almost all Gorenstein simple fibrations over the projective line with at worst canonical singularities are canonical threefolds ‘on the Noether line’ with $K^3=\frac 43 p_g-\frac {10}3$, and we classify them. Among them, we find all the canonical threefolds on the Noether line that have previously appeared in the literature.

The Gorenstein simple fibrations over ${\mathbb {P}}^1$ are Cartier divisors in a toric $4$-fold. This allows to us to show, among other things, that the previously known canonical threefolds on the Noether line form an open subset of the moduli space of canonical threefolds, that the general element of this component is a Mori Dream Space and that there is a second component when the geometric genus is congruent to $6$ modulo $8$; the threefolds in this component are new.

We give an explicit characterization on the singularities of exceptional pairs in any dimension. In particular, we show that any exceptional Fano surface is $\frac {1}{42}$-lc. As corollaries, we show that any $\mathbb R$-complementary surface X has an n-complement for some integer $n\leq 192\cdot 84^{128\cdot 42^5}\approx 10^{10^{10.5}}$, and Tian’s alpha invariant for any surface is $\leq 3\sqrt {2}\cdot 84^{64\cdot 42^5}\approx 10^{10^{10.2}}$. Although the latter two values are expected to be far from being optimal, they are the first explicit upper bounds of these two algebraic invariants for surfaces.

We describe the Galois action on the middle $\ell $-adic cohomology of smooth, projective fourfolds $K_A(v)$ that occur as a fiber of the Albanese morphism on moduli spaces of sheaves on an abelian surface A with Mukai vector v. We show this action is determined by the action on $H^2_{\mathrm {\acute{e}t}}(A_{\bar {k}},{\mathbb Q}_{\ell }(1))$ and on a subgroup $G_A(v) \leqslant (A\times \hat {A})[3]$, which depends on v. This generalizes the analysis carried out by Hassett and Tschinkel over ${\mathbb C}$ [21]. As a consequence, over number fields, we give a condition under which $K_2(A)$ and $K_2(\hat {A})$ are not derived equivalent.

The points of $G_A(v)$ correspond to involutions of $K_A(v)$. Over ${\mathbb C}$, they are known to be symplectic and contained in the kernel of the map $\operatorname {\mathrm {Aut}}(K_A(v))\to \mathrm {O}(H^2(K_A(v),{\mathbb Z}))$. We describe this kernel for all varieties $K_A(v)$ of dimension at least $4$.

When $K_A(v)$ is a fourfold over a field of characteristic 0, the fixed-point loci of the involutions contain K3 surfaces whose cycle classes span a large portion of the middle cohomology. We examine the fixed-point locus on fourfolds $K_A(0,l,s)$ over ${\mathbb C}$ where A is $(1,3)$-polarized, finding the K3 surface to be elliptically fibered under a Lagrangian fibration of $K_A(0,l,s)$.

Let $\sigma $ be a stability condition on the bounded derived category $D^b({\mathop{\mathrm {Coh}}\nolimits } W)$ of a Calabi–Yau threefold W and $\mathcal {M}$ a moduli stack parametrizing $\sigma $-semistable objects of fixed topological type. We define generalized Donaldson–Thomas invariants which act as virtual counts of objects in $\mathcal {M}$, fully generalizing the approach introduced by Kiem, Li and the author in the case of semistable sheaves. We construct an associated proper Deligne–Mumford stack $\widetilde {\mathcal {M}}^{\mathbb {C}^{\ast }}$, called the $\mathbb {C}^{\ast }$-rigidified intrinsic stabilizer reduction of $\mathcal {M}$, with an induced semiperfect obstruction theory of virtual dimension zero, and define the generalized Donaldson–Thomas invariant via Kirwan blowups to be the degree of the associated virtual cycle $[\widetilde {\mathcal {M}}]^{\mathrm {vir}} \in A_0(\widetilde {\mathcal {M}})$. This stays invariant under deformations of the complex structure of W. Applications include Bridgeland stability, polynomial stability, Gieseker and slope stability.

We prove that every smooth divisor in $\mathbb {P}^1\times \mathbb {P}^1\times \mathbb {P}^2$ of degree $(1,1,2)$ is K-stable.

We show that a sufficiently general hypersurface of degree d in $\mathbb {P}^n$ admits a toric Gröbner degeneration after linear change of coordinates if and only if $d\leq 2n-1$.

We provide a criterion for a coherent sheaf to be an Ulrich sheaf in terms of a certain bilinear form on its global sections. When working over the real numbers, we call it a positive Ulrich sheaf if this bilinear form is symmetric or Hermitian and positive-definite. In that case, our result provides a common theoretical framework for several results in real algebraic geometry concerning the existence of algebraic certificates for certain geometric properties. For instance, it implies Hilbert’s theorem on nonnegative ternary quartics, via the geometry of del Pezzo surfaces, and the solution of the Lax conjecture on plane hyperbolic curves due to Helton and Vinnikov.

Gross and Siebert developed a program for constructing in arbitrary dimension a mirror family to a log Calabi–Yau pair (X, D), consisting of a smooth projective variety X with a normal-crossing anti-canonical divisor D in X. In this paper, we provide an algorithm to practically compute explicit equations of the mirror family in the case when X is obtained as a blow-up of a toric variety along hypersurfaces in its toric boundary, and D is the strict transform of the toric boundary. The main ingredient is the heart of the canonical wall structure associated to such pairs (X, D), which is constructed purely combinatorially, following our previous work with Mark Gross. In the case when we blow up a single hypersurface we show that our results agree with previous results computed symplectically by Aroux–Abouzaid–Katzarkov. In the situation when the locus of blow-up is formed by more than a single hypersurface, due to infinitely many walls interacting, writing the equations becomes significantly more challenging. We provide the first examples of explicit equations for mirror families in such situations.

This paper is devoted to determine the geometry of a class of smooth projective rational surfaces whose minimal models are the Hirzebruch ones; concretely, they are obtained as the blowup of a Hirzebruch surface at collinear points. Explicit descriptions of their effective monoids are given, and we present a decomposition for every effective class. Such decomposition is used to confirm the effectiveness of some divisor classes when the Riemann–Roch theorem does not give information about their effectiveness. Furthermore, we study the nef divisor classes on such surfaces. We provide an explicit description for their nef monoids, and, moreover, we present a decomposition for every nef class. On the other hand, we prove that these surfaces satisfy the anticanonical orthogonal property. As a consequence, the surfaces are Harbourne–Hirschowitz and their Cox rings are finitely generated. Finally, we prove that the complete linear system associated with any nef divisor is base-point-free; thus, the semi-ample and nef monoids coincide. The base field is assumed to be algebraically closed of arbitrary characteristic.

This papers classifies toric Fano threefolds with singular locus $\{ \frac {1}{k}(1,1,1) \}$ for $k \in \mathbb {Z}_{\geq 1}$ building on the work of Batyrev (1981, Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 45, 704–717) and Watanabe–Watanabe (1982, Tokyo J. Math. 5, 37–48). This is achieved by completing an equivalent problem in the language of Fano polytopes. Furthermore, we identify birational relationships between entries of the classification. For a fixed value $k \geq 4$, there are exactly two such toric Fano threefolds linked by a blowup in a torus-invariant line.

We prove an algebraic version of the Hamilton–Tian conjecture for all log Fano pairs. More precisely, we show that any log Fano pair admits a canonical two-step degeneration to a reduced uniformly Ding stable triple, which admits a Kähler–Ricci soliton when the ground field .

We propose a conjectural semiorthogonal decomposition for the derived category of the moduli space of stable rank 2 bundles with fixed determinant of odd degree, independently formulated by Narasimhan. We discuss some evidence for and furthermore propose semiorthogonal decompositions with additional structure.

We also discuss two other decompositions. One is a decomposition of this moduli space in the Grothendieck ring of varieties, which relates to various known motivic decompositions. The other is the critical value decomposition of a candidate mirror Landau–Ginzburg model given by graph potentials, which in turn is related under mirror symmetry to Muñoz’s decomposition of quantum cohomology. This corresponds to an orthogonal decomposition of the Fukaya category. We discuss how decompositions on different levels (derived category of coherent sheaves, Grothendieck ring of varieties, Fukaya category, quantum cohomology, critical sets of graph potentials) are related and support each other.

Let V be a smooth quasi-projective complex surface such that the first three logarithmic plurigenera $\overline P_1(V)$, $\overline P_2(V)$ and $\overline P_3(V)$ are equal to 1 and the logarithmic irregularity $\overline q(V)$ is equal to $2$. We prove that the quasi-Albanese morphism $a_V\colon V\to A(V)$ is birational and there exists a finite set S such that $a_V$ is proper over $A(V)\setminus S$, thus giving a sharp effective version of a classical result of Iitaka [12].

The aim of this paper is to determine a bound of the dimension of an irreducible component of the Hilbert scheme of the moduli space of torsion-free sheaves on surfaces. Let X be a nonsingular irreducible complex surface, and let E be a vector bundle of rank n on X. We use the m-elementary transformation of E at a point $x \in X$ to show that there exists an embedding from the Grassmannian variety $\mathbb{G}(E_x,m)$ into the moduli space of torsion-free sheaves $\mathfrak{M}_{X,H}(n;\,c_1,c_2+m)$ which induces an injective morphism from $X \times M_{X,H}(n;\,c_1,c_2)$ to $Hilb_{\, \mathfrak{M}_{X,H}(n;\,c_1,c_2+m)}$.

We introduce a conjecture on Virasoro constraints for the moduli space of stable sheaves on a smooth projective surface. These generalise the Virasoro constraints on the Hilbert scheme of a surface found by Moreira and Moreira, Oblomkov, Okounkov and Pandharipande. We verify the conjecture in many nontrivial cases by using a combinatorial description of equivariant sheaves found by Klyachko.

We show that the singularities of the twisted Kähler–Einstein metric arising as the longtime solution of the Kähler–Ricci flow or in the collapsed limit of Ricci-flat Kähler metrics are intimately related to the holomorphic sectional curvature of reference conical geometry. This provides an alternative proof of the second-order estimate obtained by Gross, Tosatti, and Zhang (2020, Preprint, arXiv:1911.07315) with explicit constants appearing in the divisorial pole.

We introduce a linearised form of the square root of the Todd class inside the Verbitsky component of a hyper-Kähler manifold using the extended Mukai lattice. This enables us to define a Mukai vector for certain objects in the derived category taking values inside the extended Mukai lattice which is functorial for derived equivalences. As applications, we obtain a structure theorem for derived equivalences between hyper-Kähler manifolds as well as an integral lattice associated to the derived category of hyper-Kähler manifolds deformation equivalent to the Hilbert scheme of a K3 surface mimicking the surface case.

The most fundamental example of mirror symmetry compares the Fermat hypersurfaces in $\mathbb {P}^n$ and $\mathbb {P}^n/G$, where G is a finite group that acts on $\mathbb {P}^n$ and preserves the Fermat hypersurface. We generalize this to hypersurfaces in Grassmannians, where the picture is richer and more complex. There is a finite group G that acts on the Grassmannian $\operatorname {{\mathrm {Gr}}}(n,r)$ and preserves an appropriate Calabi–Yau hypersurface. We establish how mirror symmetry, toric degenerations, blow-ups and variation of GIT relate the Calabi–Yau hypersurfaces inside $\operatorname {{\mathrm {Gr}}}(n,r)$ and $\operatorname {{\mathrm {Gr}}}(n,r)/G$. This allows us to describe a compactification of the Eguchi–Hori–Xiong mirror to the Grassmannian, inside a blow-up of the quotient of the Grassmannian by G.