In this paper, we study the quadratic perturbations of a one-parameter family of reversible quadratic systems whose first integral contains the logarithmic function. By the criterion function for determining the lowest upper bound of the number of zeros of Abelian integrals, we obtain that the cyclicity of either period annulus is two. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result for the cyclicity of period annulus of the one-parameter family of reversible quadratic systems whose first integral contains the logarithmic function. Moreover, the simultaneous bifurcation and distribution of limit cycles from two-period annuli are considered.

Given $a,\,b\in \mathbb {R}$ and $\Phi \in C^{1}(\mathbb {S}^{2})$, we study immersed oriented surfaces $\Sigma$ in the Euclidean 3-space $\mathbb {R}^{3}$ whose mean curvature $H$ and Gauss curvature $K$ satisfy $2aH+bK=\Phi (N)$, where $N:\Sigma \rightarrow \mathbb {S}^{2}$ is the Gauss map. This theory widely generalizes some of paramount importance such as the ones constant mean and Gauss curvature surfaces, linear Weingarten surfaces and self-translating solitons of the mean curvature flow. Under mild assumptions on the prescribed function $\Phi$, we exhibit a classification result for rotational surfaces in the case that the underlying fully nonlinear PDE that governs these surfaces is elliptic or hyperbolic.

Networked dynamical systems, i.e., systems of dynamical units coupled via nontrivial interaction topologies, constitute models of broad classes of complex systems, ranging from gene regulatory and metabolic circuits in our cells to pandemics spreading across continents. Most of such systems are driven by irregular and distributed fluctuating input signals from the environment. Yet how networked dynamical systems collectively respond to such fluctuations depends on the location and type of driving signal, the interaction topology and several other factors and remains largely unknown to date. As a key example, modern electric power grids are undergoing a rapid and systematic transformation towards more sustainable systems, signified by high penetrations of renewable energy sources. These in turn introduce significant fluctuations in power input and thereby pose immediate challenges to the stable operation of power grid systems. How power grid systems dynamically respond to fluctuating power feed-in as well as other temporal changes is critical for ensuring a reliable operation of power grids yet not well understood. In this work, we systematically introduce a linear response theory (LRT) for fluctuation-driven networked dynamical systems. The derivations presented not only provide approximate analytical descriptions of the dynamical responses of networks, but more importantly, also allow to extract key qualitative features about spatio-temporally distributed response patterns. Specifically, we provide a general formulation of a LRT for perturbed networked dynamical systems, explicate how dynamic network response patterns arise from the solution of the linearised response dynamics, and emphasise the role of LRT in predicting and comprehending power grid responses on different temporal and spatial scales and to various types of disturbances. Understanding such patterns from a general, mathematical perspective enables to estimate network responses quickly and intuitively, and to develop guiding principles for, e.g., power grid operation, control and design.

Sufficient conditions are obtained for the oscillation of a general form of a linear second-order differential equation with discontinuous solutions. The innovations are that the impulse effects are in mixed form and the results obtained are applicable even if the impulses are small. The novelty of the results is demonstrated by presenting an example of an oscillating equation to which previous oscillation theorems fail to apply.

In 1991, Chicone and Jacobs showed the equivalence between the computation of the first-order Taylor developments of the Lyapunov constants and the developments of the first Melnikov function near a non-degenerate monodromic equilibrium point, in the study of limit cycles of small-amplitude bifurcating from a quadratic centre. We show that their proof is also valid for polynomial vector fields of any degree. This equivalence is used to provide a new lower bound for the local cyclicity of degree six polynomial vector fields, so $\mathcal {M}(6) \geq 44$. Moreover, we extend this equivalence to the piecewise polynomial class. Finally, we prove that $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(4) \geq 43$ and $\mathcal {M}^{c}_{p}(5) \geq 65.$

We deal with analytic three-dimensional symmetric systems whose origin is a Hopf-zero singularity. Once it is not completely analytically integrable, we provide criteria on the existence of at least one functionally independent analytic first integral. In the generic case, we characterize the analytic partially integrable systems by using orbitally equivalent normal forms. We also solve the problem through the existence of a class of formal inverse Jacobi multiplier of the system.

In this paper, we mainly introduce some new notions of generalized Bloch type periodic functions namely pseudo Bloch type periodic functions and weighted pseudo Bloch type periodic functions. A Bloch type periodic function may not be Bloch type periodic under certain small perturbations while it can be quasi Bloch type periodic in sense of generalized Bloch type periodic functions. We firstly show the completeness of spaces of generalized Bloch type periodic functions and establish some further properties such as composition and convolution theorems of such functions. We then apply these results to investigate existence results for generalized Bloch type periodic mild solutions to some semi-linear differential equations in Banach spaces. The obtained results show that for each generalized Bloch type periodic input forcing disturbance, the output mild solutions to reference evolution equations remain generalized Bloch type periodic.

This paper aims to investigate the existence of periodic solutions for $p$-Laplacian differential equations with jumping nonlinearity under the frame of half-eigenvalue. Based on the continuity theorem, some new results are obtained, which enrich and generalize the previous results.

In this paper we consider the unfolding of saddle-node

\[ X= \frac{1}{xU_a(x,y)}\Big(x(x^{\mu}-\varepsilon)\partial_x-V_a(x)y\partial_y\Big), \]

$(\varepsilon,\,a)$

$\varepsilon \approx 0$

$a$

$A$

$ {\mathbb {R}}^{\alpha },$

$\mathcal {T}(s;\varepsilon,\,a)$

$\partial _s\mathcal {T}(s;\varepsilon,\,a)$

$-\infty$

$(s,\,\varepsilon )\to (0^{+},\,0)$

$A.$

Let f be a smooth symplectic diffeomorphism of ${\mathbb R}^2$ admitting a (non-split) separatrix associated to a hyperbolic fixed point. We prove that if f is a perturbation of the time-1 map of a symplectic autonomous vector field, this separatrix is accumulated by a positive measure set of invariant circles. However, we provide examples of smooth symplectic diffeomorphisms with a Lyapunov unstable non-split separatrix that are not accumulated by invariant circles.

Motivated by the definition of rigid centres for planar differential systems, we introduce the study of rigid centres on the center manifolds of differential systems on $\mathbb {R}^{3}$. On the plane, these centres have been extensively studied and several interesting results have been obtained. We present results that characterize the rigid systems on $\mathbb {R}^{3}$ and solve the centre-focus problem for several families of rigid systems.

In this paper, we consider an eigenvalue problem for ordinary differential equations of fourth order with a spectral parameter in the boundary conditions. The location of eigenvalues on real axis, the structure of root subspaces and the oscillation properties of eigenfunctions of this problem are investigated, and asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are found. Next, by the use of these properties, we establish sufficient conditions for subsystems of root functions of the considered problem to form a basis in the space $L_p,1 < p < \infty$.

Let $(z_k)$ be a sequence of distinct points in the unit disc $\mathbb {D}$ without limit points there. We are looking for a function $a(z)$ analytic in $\mathbb {D}$ and such that possesses a solution having zeros precisely at the points $z_k$, and the resulting function $a(z)$ has ‘minimal’ growth. We focus on the case of non-separated sequences $(z_k)$ in terms of the pseudohyperbolic distance when the coefficient $a(z)$ is of zero order, but $\sup _{z\in {\mathbb D}}(1-|z|)^p|a(z)| = + \infty$ for any $p > 0$. We established a new estimate for the maximum modulus of $a(z)$ in terms of the functions $n_z(t)=\sum \nolimits _{|z_k-z|\le t} 1$ and $N_z(r) = \int_0^r {{(n_z(t)-1)}^ + } /t{\rm d}t.$ The estimate is sharp in some sense. The main result relies on a new interpolation theorem.

The existence and multiplicity of T-periodic solutions to a class of differential equations with attractive singularities at the origin are investigated in the paper. The approach is based on a new method of construction of strict upper and lower functions. The multiplicity results of Ambrosetti–Prodi type are established using a priori estimates and certain properties of topological degree.

For $R(z, w)\in \mathbb {C}(z, w)$ of degree at least 2 in w, we show that the number of rational functions $f(z)\in \mathbb {C}(z)$ solving the difference equation $f(z+1)=R(z, f(z))$ is finite and bounded just in terms of the degrees of R in the two variables. This complements a result of Yanagihara, who showed that any finite-order meromorphic solution to this sort of difference equation must be a rational function. We prove a similar result for the differential equation $f'(z)=R(z, f(z))$ , building on a result of Eremenko.

We prove that perturbing the periodic annulus of the reversible quadratic polynomial differential system $\dot x=y+ax^2$, $\dot y=-x$ with a ≠ 0 inside the class of all quadratic polynomial differential systems we can obtain at most two limit cycles, including their multiplicities. Since the first integral of the unperturbed system contains an exponential function, the traditional methods cannot be applied, except in Figuerasa, Tucker and Villadelprat (2013, J. Diff. Equ., 254, 3647–3663) a computer-assisted method was used. In this paper, we provide a method for studying the problem. This is also the first purely mathematical proof of the conjecture formulated by Dumortier and Roussarie (2009, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 2, 723–781) for q ⩽ 2. The method may be used in other problems.

In a previous paper [P. Mardešić and M. Resman. Analytic moduli for parabolic Dulac germs. Russian Math. Surveys, to appear, 2021, arXiv:1910.06129v2.] we determined analytic invariants, that is, moduli of analytic classification, for parabolic generalized Dulac germs. This class contains parabolic Dulac (almost regular) germs, which appear as first-return maps of hyperbolic polycycles. Here we solve the problem of realization of these moduli.

We consider nonlocal equations of the general form

\begin{equation} \left(a*u''\right)(\cdot)+\lambda f\big(\cdot,u(\cdot)\big)=0.\nonumber \end{equation}

Quasiperiodic media is a class of almost periodic media which is generated from periodic media through a ‘cut and project’ procedure. Quasiperiodic media displays some extraordinary optical, electronic and conductivity properties which call for the development of methods to analyse their microstructures and effective behaviour. In this paper, we develop the method of Bloch wave homogenisation for quasiperiodic media. Bloch waves are typically defined through a direct integral decomposition of periodic operators. A suitable direct integral decomposition is not available for almost periodic operators. To remedy this, we lift a quasiperiodic operator to a degenerate periodic operator in higher dimensions. Approximate Bloch waves are obtained for a regularised version of the degenerate operator. Homogenised coefficients for quasiperiodic media are obtained from the first Bloch eigenvalue of the regularised operator in the limit of regularisation parameter going to zero. A notion of quasiperiodic Bloch transform is defined and employed to obtain homogenisation limit for an equation with highly oscillating quasiperiodic coefficients.

This work investigates the existence and bifurcation structure of multi-pulse steady-state solutions to bistable lattice dynamical systems. Such solutions are characterized by multiple compact disconnected regions where the solution resembles one of the bistable states and resembles another trivial bistable state outside of these compact sets. It is shown that the bifurcation curves of these multi-pulse solutions lie along closed and bounded curves (isolas), even when single-pulse solutions lie along unbounded curves. These results are applied to a discrete Nagumo differential equation and we show that the hypotheses of this work can be confirmed analytically near the anti-continuum limit. Results are demonstrated with a number of numerical investigations.