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2605 results in Cambridge Elements

Page 5 of 131

Embracing the Circular Economy in Developing Nations

Embracing the Circular Economy in Developing Nations
  • A Pathway to Sustainable Growth and Resilience
  • Sandeep Goyal, Bruno S. Sergi, Sarthak Kaushish, Priyanka Chaudhary
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • Many developing countries are recognising that the traditional 'take–make–dispose' model of growth is no longer sustainable. This element explores that turning point and examines how the circular economy can offer a better path. A circular economy focuses on using resources for longer, reducing waste, and reusing or recycling materials. It offers a way to grow that can generate income, protect nature, and include more people in development. The element traces how circular economy ideas have evolved over the past decade, moving from a mainly global conversation to one increasingly shaped by local needs and realities. It argues that meaningful progress happens when three forces align: effective public policy, active communities, and strong cross-sector partnerships. Through case studies of businesses in developing countries, the element shows how firms with limited resources use creativity to redesign products and processes, turn waste into value, and collaborate to overcome constraints.
Archaeological Bird Bone and Eggshell Identification

Archaeological Bird Bone and Eggshell Identification
  • Ariel Taivalkoski
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • This element provides the reader with an easy-to-read reference guide for avian bone and eggshell analysis. Standard visual identification is the methodology outlined for the analysis of avian bone. This element details how to select reference material, what markers to look for, and tips and tricks for identifying avian bones. Cooking, butchery, pathology, and age will be discussed alongside reference images the reader can use when identifying these in their own collections. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is the method utilized for avian eggshell identification in this element. Information about creating your own reference images and performing microscopy are detailed. How to identify several types of cooking methods, embryogenesis (stage of egg development), and weathering will also be discussed. This is the first element to provide methodologies for both avian bone identification and SEM identification of avian eggshell.
Existential-Spiritual Psychotherapy

Existential-Spiritual Psychotherapy
  • Stephanie Winkeljohn Black, Elena E. Kim
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • This Element introduces the Existential-Spiritual Psychotherapy framework as a promising clinical and research tool and then integrates it with the three pillars of the Multicultural Orientation framework. Section 1 presents Existential-Spiritual Psychotherapy by exploring how spirituality and religion intersect with existentialism and how all three relate to psychotherapy, psychological symptoms, well-being, and flourishing. Section 2 details the Existential-Spiritual Narrative as a roadmap that offers a process framework and introduces the integration of dynamic and culturally sensitive symbols. Section 3 explores existential-spiritual comfort, encouraging therapists' self-awareness around spiritual themes. Section 4 identifies common existential-spiritual opportunities, helping clinicians recognize and engage culturally embedded spiritual content. Section 5 discusses existential-spiritual humility, promoting a posture of humble expertise when navigating spiritual material. Throughout, the authors offer an empirically informed, culturally attuned framework while promoting a dialectical balance in integrating spirituality and religion into psychotherapy.
Let Them Cook

Let Them Cook
  • Generational Slang and University Teaching
  • David S. Kreiner
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • Higher education faculty often differ in age from the students in their courses, and these age differences may relate to social and cultural differences. As an aspect of culture, different social groups adopt different slang vocabularies. For these reasons, an understanding of generational differences in slang is relevant to university-level teaching. We explore the nature and characteristics of slang in comparison to other types of language variation as well as the multiple functions that slang serves, both linguistic and social. Next, we examine the concept of generations and education-relevant characteristics that are associated with recent generations. We then connect slang to the concept of code-switching, followed by an examination of slang associated with Generation Z and Generation Alpha. Finally, we consider the implications of generational slang for university level teaching and learning. Generational slang is not just a challenge for university faculty, but also an opportunity.
Translation in State Governance

Translation in State Governance
  • A Chinese Perspective
  • Dongsheng Ren, Lin Jiao, Sanjun Sun
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • Translation plays a consequential role in how states govern, manage multilingual affairs, and project influence, yet this role is rarely examined through a comparative, state-centred framework. This Element introduces the State Translation Programme (STP) to analyse translation as state-organised action. Comparing China with Japan, Türkiye, the United States, South Korea, Canada, and Poland, it identifies three strategic modes: Architects build national capacity and identity, Influencers project soft power and shape external narratives, and Administrators manage internal coordination and multilingual governance. China stands out in comparative perspective in seeking to combine all three modes, a pattern this Element terms 'sovereign maximalism'. Tracing these governance functions from imperial dynasties to the contemporary People's Republic, the Element offers a framework for comparative analysis across translation studies and political science.
Cultivating Growth Mindset as a Leadership Catalyst

Cultivating Growth Mindset as a Leadership Catalyst
  • A Practical Capacity-Building Learning Ecosystem for Accelerating Leadership and Advancing Practice
  • Angela Pittman-Vanderweide
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
Contemporary Nigerian English

Contemporary Nigerian English
  • Foluke Olayinka Unuabonah, Rotimi Taiwo, Rotimi Olanrele Oladipupo, Folajimi Oyebola
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • Contemporary Nigerian English offers an engaging empirical exploration of Nigerian English in the twenty-first century, highlighting its historical development, present-day usage, and emerging linguistic features. Drawing on multiple sources of evidence, including naturally occurring language data, online corpora, social media discourse, and survey findings, the Element investigates how multilingualism, cultural diversity, and digital communication continue to shape the variety. It analyses salient features of Nigerian English across lexico-semantic, phonological, morpho-syntactic, and pragmatic domains, while also considering the language ideologies and attitudes that inform its perception and use. By integrating structural linguistic analysis and sociolinguistic perspectives, the Element reveals how Nigerian English reflects the cultural identities, communicative practices, and cognitive worlds of its speakers. In doing so, it advances scholarship on World Englishes and contributes to broader discussions of linguistic variation and change in contemporary global contexts.
Reparations and Redress for Historical Injustice

Reparations and Redress for Historical Injustice
  • Timothy Waligore
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • This Element introduces various justifications for reparations and redress for historical injustice discussed in political theory and philosophy. It examines multiple real-world cases to illustrate and test theories. It is accessible to students and scholars unfamiliar with the field, while providing new arguments for experts in the field, and organizing the debate around reparations in new ways. The Element is divided into four main sections. The first three sections examine different temporal orientations of justice: backward-looking, forward-looking, and structural injustice over time. The fourth section examines Indigenous perspectives and settler colonial theory, which complicate and problematize the temporal orientations and arguments from the other sections. The discussion in this Element is organized around two recurring theses. First, approaches relying on primarily forward-looking justifications could be made more plausible and compelling by incorporating backward-looking elements (and vice versa). Second, past injustice can change what should (publicly) count as justice.
Architecture and Interiors of the Harems in Eighteenth-Century Istanbul

Architecture and Interiors of the Harems in Eighteenth-Century Istanbul
  • Deniz Türker, A. Hilâl Uğurlu
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • This Element centers the architectural and material worlds created by Ottoman imperial women, foregrounding their decisive role in shaping Istanbul at the end of the eighteenth century. Focusing on Mihrişah Valide Sultan and the sultan's sisters and female relatives, it examines how their patronage transformed the imperial harem at Topkapı Palace and extended into a network of waterfront mansions, charitable complexes, and suburban estates. Drawing on poetic inscriptions, archival correspondence, and visual sources, the study reconstructs the collaborative processes linking these women to stewards, builders, and artisans. It argues that their domestic and architectural interventions constituted powerful expressions of authority, visibility, and political agency within the empire.
Cultural Memory in the Hebrew Bible

Cultural Memory in the Hebrew Bible
  • Genesis to Kings
  • Ronald Hendel
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • The relationship between the biblical representations of the past and the history of the second and early first millennia BCE is best comprehended by the concept of cultural memory. This volume investigates the dynamics of cultural memory in the Hebrew Bible, with case studies on the ancestors, the Exodus, the conquest, and Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. The texts create a monumental past by a mixture of memory, forgetting, revision, and re-actualization, motivated in various measures by religion, politics, the landscape, ethnic relationships, and cultural self-fashioning. The archaeology of the Levant illuminates the complicated pathways between history and biblical memory.
Stillbirth

Stillbirth
  • Uma M. Reddy, Christy Gandhi
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • Stillbirth, especially unpredicted losses in the antepartum period defined as intrauterine fetal demise after twenty weeks gestation, remains sadly a too common event during pregnancy. Dr. Gandhi and Professor Reddy detail the epidemiology and review the impact of proactive interventions both in preparation for and during pregnancy to lower stillbirth rates. The clinical management of a pregnancy affected by this tragedy. The authors address a growing understanding of causes seen clinically and those unseen (e.g. genetic abnormalities, viral infection, fetal hypoxia in a normally grown fetus, etc). The detailed approach to stillbirth during the index pregnancy seeks to maximize the discovery of the underlying causes to provide solace to the grieving family and to prepare for any additions to prenatal care for any subsequent pregnancies.
Letters and Gifts in the Harems of Eighteenth-Century Istanbul

Letters and Gifts in the Harems of Eighteenth-Century Istanbul
  • Deniz Türker, A. Hilâl Uğurlu
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • This Element examines the political, architectural, and social transformations of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Selim III (1789–1807), foregrounding the central role of imperial women in shaping reform. While Selim's military and administrative initiatives reconfigured Istanbul's urban fabric, his mother, sisters, and female relatives actively advanced these efforts through architectural patronage, diplomacy, and gift exchange. Drawing on archival sources, visual materials, and microhistorical analysis, the Element reconstructs the dynamic networks sustained by these women and their stewards. It challenges assumptions of female invisibility, demonstrating instead their strategic visibility, economic agency, and integral participation in imperial governance and cross-cultural exchange.
Early Christian Georgian Literature

Early Christian Georgian Literature
  • Making Christian Identity in an Iranic Culture
  • Stephen H. Rapp Jr
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • This Element re-evaluates the genesis and early development of Georgian literature. Sparked by the Christian invention of a Georgian script ca. 400 AD, this literature was a product of the Christianization of the Caucasus region. But to what extent was early Georgian literature a Christian one? What were the ecclesiastical, cultural, and linguistic contexts of Georgian literature? And how did Georgia's, and Caucasia's, existing ties to Iranian cultural world affect the evolution of a distinctly Georgian literature? All the while, this volume engages both the Christianization of Georgia's peoples and the Georgianization of Christianity.
The Linguistic Nature of Early Christian Arabic Literature

The Linguistic Nature of Early Christian Arabic Literature
  • Phillip W. Stokes
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • This Element examines the forms of Arabic used by Christians in the early Islamic period in theological treatises and Arabic Bible translations. It argues that linguistic analysis of these texts not only clarifies the nature of early Islamic Arabic but also sheds new light on Christian institutional and intellectual culture. Focusing on nominal case, verbal mood, and gender and number agreement, the study challenges the common view that Christian authors wrote either flawed Classical Arabic or in a substandard register. Instead, it shows that their Arabic was typical of the early Islamic period. The Element also identifies differences in linguistic choices between theological treatises and biblical translations. After the Muslim conquests, Arabic was the language appropriate to both genres. The Element argues that Christians deftly and creatively adapted Arabic writing to their literary activities, in language appropriate to their different audiences.

Nietzsche on Fate
  • Robin Small
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • This Element explores Nietzsche's thinking about fate. As a doctrine, fatalism asserts that whatever happens does so necessarily. 'Fate', however, implies an overall pattern for every individual life which imposes its own necessity on the events of that life, although with some contribution from chance. Nietzsche's ideas on fate were influenced by other thinkers, notably Emerson and the ancient Stoics, whom he treats with both sympathy and exasperation. After discussing this context, the Element turns to two of Nietzsche's key themes: amor fati and 'becoming what you are'. In a striking way, each of these 'formulae' presents two contrasted elements standing in a close but tense relationship. Behind them is a conflict between the givenness of fate and our capacity to live our lives in our own way. At the same time, each promises an answer to the question: how are we to live with fate?
Contemporary Iranian Horror Cinema

Contemporary Iranian Horror Cinema
  • Max Bledstein
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    30 June 2026
  • This Element explores how twenty-first century Iranian filmmakers have applied elements from Persian culture to the horror genre. Although horror films have not often been a part of the rich Iranian cinematic tradition due in part to censorship laws following the 1979 revolution, I argue that a small group of directors has made provocative use of the genre. The first section draws on theories of monstrosity to examine the re-contextualisation of pre-revolutionary film tropes in the work of Fereydoun Jeyrani. The second section examines how Mohammad Hossein Latifi uses the slasher to navigate debates around female university students. The third section discusses Shahram Mokri's use of single takes to facilitate horror's function as social critique. The final section examines the depiction of politics and history in the films of Mani Haghighi. The analysis reveals Iranian horror to be both a vibrant tradition and valuable for understanding the genre's global importance.
Youth and Earth Politics

Youth and Earth Politics
  • From Misconceptions to Potential for Synergy
  • Amandine Orsini
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • Youth, defined as individuals between 16 and 35 in global politics, have a key role to play in Earth politics: they are a numerical majority among the world population; they are situated in countries that are more vulnerable to environmental changes; they will be implementing the environmental agenda. Despite their key importance, youth have been associated with a number of misconceptions about their political role in international environmental negotiations. This Element identifies and explains five misconceptions one by one, to go beyond and suggest new ways to engage with youth for greater sustainability. The research presented builds on more than 200 interviews and observations conducted with youth at international climate, biodiversity and sustainable development negotiations. While youth are perceived as politically apathetic, inexperienced, forthcoming, elitist or narcissistic, understanding their very identities enables to suggest synergies for stronger, knowledge-relevant, actual, inclusive and intersectional political action.
Developing Maritime Economies of the Pre-Colonial Massim, Papua New Guinea

Developing Maritime Economies of the Pre-Colonial Massim, Papua New Guinea
  • The Making of an Island World and the Foundations of Kula
  • Ben Shaw
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • The Massim region of Papua New Guinea has been the focus of intensive ethnographic interest for over a century because of sociocultural practices and maritime economies that connect island populations, including the famed Kula ring. Ethnographic models of Kula have been critiqued as ahistorical and heavily influenced by colonial interventions. This volume explores the long-term history of Massim maritime economies from a predominantly archaeological perspective, but draws on ethnographic, linguistic and biomolecular information. Maritime economies have connected islands for at least 17,000 years, with parallels to historically documented networks emerging over the last 3000 years. The Massim region can be considered as a network of decentralized, micro-world economies that frequently overlapped, were shaped by local value systems, clan affiliations, and defined by strategic advantages of location, natural resources and technologies. Maritime interaction in the Massim shaped cultural and linguistic diversity, providing a comparative case study for maritime economies globally.
Protests and Radicalization in the Digital Age

Protests and Radicalization in the Digital Age
  • The Reopen Movement
  • Jeremy Menchik, Samuel Bazzi, Clara Martiny, Pujan Paudel, Seth Soderborg, Gianluca Stringhini
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • This Element provides the first large-scale inquiry into the 'Reopen' protest movement against COVID-19 public health shutdowns. We synthesize digital ethnography inside the movement with text analyses of an original data set spanning more than 1.8 million Facebook comments and posts from over 224,000 online activists. We characterize the movement's origin, growth, and evolution as it interacted with public policies and offline protests. We explain individual- and group-level dynamics of radicalization over time, across topics, and, paradoxically, in response to content moderation. We extend existing theories of contentious politics to suggest that movements that fail to maintain their connection to offline organizations are especially prone to mutability, radicalization, and exhaustion. Together, our findings offer a powerful theoretical framework for understanding social movements in the digital age, while updating and extending classical social movement theory.
Rethinking Political Meritocracy

Rethinking Political Meritocracy
  • An Attention-Based Approach
  • Xiao Ma
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    June 2026
    Print publication:
    31 July 2026
  • Political meritocracy, which selects and promotes officials based on their work performance, is an important explanation for China's rapid development. While prior studies focus on territorial leaders (kuai), less attention is given to functional department leaders (tiao), whose performance is harder to measure, attribute, or compare. This Element introduces an attention-based explanation, arguing that in China's complex bureaucratic system, marked by intricate divisions of labor and information asymmetry, capturing superiors' attention is critical for official's career advancement. Through case studies and analyses of original biographical data on functional department leaders, this Element reveals: 1) Promotion likelihood correlates with officials' ability to gain superiors' attention; 2) Not all attention-seeking behaviors align with governance goals, often fostering bureaucratic issues like formalism and over-implementation. This attention-based framework tries to reconcile debates on competence versus connections in Chinese political selection and explains both the bureaucratic system's successes and its governance challenges.

Page 5 of 131