This article examines how digital misogynistic discourse produces real-world consequences through platform affordances in post-digital conditions. The study focuses on LIHKG, a popular online forum in Hong Kong, where users collectively target female influencers with persistent verbal abuse. Through critical discourse-centred online-offline nexus ethnography (CD-OONE), which builds on established traditions of entextualization and discursive circulation, the study shows how users creatively appropriate platform features for sustaining misogynistic language. Unlike algorithmically mediated social media, LIHKG operates largely through human agency, such as strategic upvoting/downvoting, nested quoting, custom emoji, forum slang, and serial threads. The analysis reveals how these affordances-in-practice amplify and normalize misogynistic discourse strategies on the forum. A case study traces a 5-year aggression cycle targeting one female influencer, drawing on forum threads, the influencer’s own social media posts, and mainstream news coverage to show how forum discourse produces offline reputational damage that recursively triggers additional online attacks. Theoretically, the study extends critical discourse analysis by showing how sociotechnical conditions shape scalar amplification of harmful discourse online and offline. Methodologically, it provides a practical framework for documenting, tracing, and analyzing discourse circulation and the real-world consequences of digital aggression.

The authors make an intriguing case that peer cultures could play a key role in cultural adaptation by generating qualitatively different cultural variation compared to adult cultures. However, the mechanisms responsible for this distinction remain unclear. We here discuss how accounting for the role of intrinsic motivation in shaping the content of peer cultures may help explain their evolutionary dynamics.

This article argues that the muted and often negative responses to the American historian Richard Hildreth’s six-volume History of the United States published between 1849 and 1852 resulted from his embrace of a secular, utilitarian philosophy of history emphasizing individual freedom as the main source of human happiness and social progress. Tracing the origins of these ideas to Hildreth’s early exposure to liberal religion, democratic party politics, and antislavery thought, the article shows that Hildreth’s historiographical approach rejected providentialism in favor of secular causation, rooted in human agency and historical contingency. Hildreth’s liberal utilitarianism is offered as at least a partial solution to what has been called the “problem” of defining his place in American intellectual history.

This study examines whether homeownership has a trade-off relationship with public-pension development in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Relying on a comparative historical approach, we find that while the three governments pursued homeownership societies, their interventions in housing provision and distribution varied in timing and intensity, contributing to different levels of homeownership. Historically, middle-class families in these countries have preferred asset accumulation through home purchases over reliance on public pensions. In particular, the early introduction of mandatory savings as a form of lump-sum retirement payments, combined with widespread homeownership aspirations, led to heavy reliance on private homeownership and, in turn, contributed to establishing underdeveloped, small-scale public-pension systems. Homeownership is unlikely to serve as a cornerstone of old-age economic security systems in East Asia, where asset-based welfare developed as a substitute for collective welfare provision and social rights.

Lew-Levy and Amir propose that children’s peer culture plays a bidirectional role in cultural evolution. Here, I propose (1) that norm enforcement strategies deserve a more central role and (2) that these strategies emerge earlier in development than suggested. Recognizing these early behaviors offers a deeper understanding of how peer cultures develop and how even young children actively shape their cultural landscape.

This article examines the discursive genealogy of meʿmāri-ye sonnati (traditional architecture), arguing that the term is not a neutral descriptive category but a modern historiographical construct. It traces the concept from nineteenth-century Orientalist surveys, which relied on stylistic classifications rather than notions of tradition, to early twentieth-century narratives of continuity advanced by scholars such as Arthur Upham Pope and André Godard. The study shows how “tradition” was later translated into sonnat in midcentury nationalist debates and consolidated as meʿmāri-ye sonnati in the 1970s. This process flattened diverse architectural histories into a single category that served traditionalist and postrevolutionary ideological agendas. By reconstructing this genealogy, the article challenges retrospective essentialism and restores the historical plurality of Iran’s architectural past.

This paper investigates the effects on consumer welfare of changing food-at-home (FAH) and food-away-from-home (FAFH) prices in a period that witnessed two major economic shocks: the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent abnormal inflation. Even though FAFH prices increased more than FAH during this period, we find that FAH price increases have led to more significant and volatile welfare losses compared to changes in FAFH prices. The article makes two contributions to the literature. First, using a complete demand system that is comprised of nine expenditure categories, including FAH, FAFH, and seven other broad non-food aggregates, we estimate the household welfare losses in consumer surplus from changing prices of FAH and FAFH incorporating the own- and cross-price effects. Our findings reveal that own-price effects dominate welfare losses with negligible cross effects, resulting in 11.2% and 7% losses in consumer welfare from FAH and FAFH price increases, respectively, as a percentage of total food spending after the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, the dominance of the own price effects suggests that the easier-to-estimate conditional demand systems (foods only) may be sufficient for conducting welfare analysis of changes in food prices.

Lew-Levy and Amir’s contribution highlights issues with our current frameworks and methods for understanding the evolution of human behaviour. We fully concur that more attention should be paid to integrating children’s learning into models of cultural evolution and to positioning cultural adaptation in a long-term perspective to better understand the role of children in both the past and the present.

This study explores how Hijazi Sunnis have strengthened the theoretical development of the Sunni veneration of the Twelve Shiʿi Imams (imamophilism) with a focus on two faḍāʾil works written by the Medinese scholar Shams al-Dīn al-Zarandī (fl. 747/1346): Naẓm Durar al-Simṭayn on ʿAlī and his close family, and Maʿārij al-Wuṣūl on the Twelve Imams. In the Naẓm, a work dedicated to the Injuid ruler of Shiraz, Abū Isḥāq (r. 1343–1357), in 747/1346, Shams al-Dīn adopted a critical stance towards another imamophilic Sunni scholar, Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Ḥammūyī (d. 722/1322), for his inclusion of unreliable traditions and justified Sunni imamophilism by excluding Shiʿi traditions and selectively mentioning famous Sunni sources. In Maʿārij al-Wuṣūl, he also denied the Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (the twelfth imam)-Mahdī theory, which is a pivotal doctrine in Twelver Shiʿism, while considering it to be Shiʿi. These two works could be regarded not merely as a first attempt to theorise Sunni imamophilism through the rejection of certain Shiʿi doctrines but also as a by-product of a rivalry between Shams al-Dīn and the Ḥammūyī family, and between the Injuids and the Muẓaffarids. Shams al-Dīn spread imamophilism among the Shirazi population, and his views on the imams influenced later imamophilic Sunnis.

US cattle producers face volatile prices due to cattle cycles, drought, and unexpected market shocks. USDA-RMA offers subsidized insurance programs like Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) to mitigate output risks, yet participation remains limited. Using a 21-year state-level panel and a two-part econometric model, this paper evaluates how risk management education workshops influence LRP utilization among feeder cattle producers. Results indicate that education workshops increase the likelihood of insurance participation, especially in non-pilot states, while subsidies dominate in pilot states. The marginal effect of education is smaller in higher subsidy environments, suggesting substitution between education and subsidy.

Meaningful work is a central determinant of employee well-being, motivation, and performance, yet little is known about how abusive supervision undermines employees’ experience of meaningful work, particularly across hybrid/remote and office-based contexts. Adopting a resource-based perspective, this study examines how abusive supervision relates to meaningful work among hybrid/remote and in-office employees via reducing three key resources: autonomy, self-efficacy, and belongingness. Using cross-sectional survey data from 512 employees in Spain and Portugal, we tested a parallel mediation model comparing hybrid and in-office workers. Although abusive supervision did not directly relate to meaningful work in either group, it strongly reduced the three key psychological resources, which significantly reduced meaningful work. All mediational pathways were significant for both groups; however, indirect relationships were consistently stronger among hybrid workers. These findings suggest that hybrid/remote working employees are more vulnerable to abusive supervision due to heightened dependence on supervisors in contexts characterized by physical distance.

Meat attachment, a positive emotional bond with meat, is a critical psychological determinant of meat consumption and might be a significant obstacle to adopting plant-based foods(1). Although food liking is often considered important for food choice, the role meat liking plays in the association between meat attachment and meat and plant-based food consumption remains unknown. We hypothesise that: (i) meat attachment is positive correlated with meat consumption, (ii) Meat liking mediates a positive association between meat attachment and meat consumption, (iii) Meat attachment is negative correlated with plant-based food consumption, (iv) Plant liking mediates and moderated a negative association between meat attachment and plant-based food consumption. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 180 community-dwelling Australians aged 50–75 years (57.9 ± 6.1 years, 53.3% female). The survey included a modified Meat Attachment Questionnaire (MAQ), a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and a Food Liking Questionnaire (FLQ)(2). The overall meat attachment score and all its subscales (Hedonism, Affinity, Dependence, and Entitlement) showed positive correlations with meat consumption (r = 0.45–.55, all p’s < 0.01), accounting for 30.6% of the variance in meat consumption patterns among participants (R² = 0.306, p < 0.001). Meat liking and consumption were positively correlated (r = 0.39, p < 0.01). Meat attachment significantly predicted meat liking (Path a: b = 1.14, p < 0.001). However, when controlling for meat attachment, meat liking did not significantly predict meat consumption (Path b: b = 0.41, p = 0.526), suggesting that meat liking did not mediate the relationship between meat attachment and meat consumption. Meat attachment and its subscales were negatively associated with plant-based food consumption (r = –0.45 to –0.55, all p’s < 0.01), explaining 30.0% of the variance in plant-food intake (R² = 0.300, p < 0.001). Meat attachment was also negatively associated with plant liking (r = –0.18 to –0.32, all p’s < 0.05) and plant consumption (r = –0.45 to –0.55, all p’s < 0.01). Higher plant liking was positively correlated with greater plant consumption (r = 0.35, p < 0.01). In mediation testing, meat attachment significantly predicted lower plant liking (Path a: b = –0.24, p < 0.001). Higher liking for plant-food predicted higher plant-food consumption (Path b: b = 3.25, p = 0.001). The interaction between meat attachment and plant liking was not significant (b = 0.39, p = 0.679), indicating no moderation effect. Overall, for older Australians, meat attachment is an important predictor of meat consumption, which can be explained by other factors besides liking for meat. Such attachment to meat also impacts plant-based food consumption which suggests that public health initiatives which promote plant-based food consumption, also need to look at lowering consumers’ attachment to meat.