A neonate with unbalanced right-dominant atrioventricular canal defect with intact atrial septum and abnormal pulmonary venous return developed bradycardic arrest and a subsequent diagnosis of tracheal rings and left lung aplasia. This report details the fatal nature of the triad of hypoplastic left heart, pulmonary venous obstruction, and airway anomalies, along with the role of advanced imaging in prognostication.

The doctrine that God is unlimited in power has been challenged recently by figures such as Thomas Oord and Philip Goff. This article responds to these challenges from the perspective of classical theism. It is argued that omnipotence follows from God’s being the reason why there is something rather than nothing, and that understanding God in this way is the only coherent way of fleshing out the claim that God is the creator. The relationship of creator and creature is discussed, and the point is made that God and creatures are not in metaphysical competition, defusing Oord’s worry that an omnipotent God would be controlling. The issue of evil in the world, and its claimed incompatibility with omnipotence is broached. In response to concerns about evil and omnipotence appeal is made to Brian Davies’ work on classical theism and evil, before concluding that the Christian classical theist can acknowledge there being a mystery about the presence of evil in the world whilst, without prejudice to her intellectual integrity, resting trustfully in the mysterious love of God.

Sixty uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) accident reports were analysed to identify causal and contributory factors leading to loss of control in flight – the most prominent category of UAV accident (36%). Design and manufacturing errors were dominant causal factors (22 events, 34%) and contributory factors (18 events, 22%). Recovery was not attempted in the majority of events (35 events, 55%). The relationship between operator age, total hours of experience, experience on type and recovery attempts were analysed. The number of accidents decreased as total hours of experience increased as well as attempted recovery. Using this data, existing accident analysis frameworks HFACS, AcciMap and Accident Route Matrix were applied to a sample of accidents and suitability compared. An adapted version of the Accident Route Matrix – Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle is proposed to assist current and future operators to understand causal and contributory factors to mitigate future loss of control in flight accidents and improve the likelihood of recovery. Using the results of the statistical analysis and the data gathered, a new definition for LOC-I for UAVs was defined by considering the different operating environment of UAVs.

We give a crystal structure on the set of Gelfand–Tsetlin patterns (GTPs), which parametrize bases for finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the general linear Lie algebra. The crystal data are given in closed form and are expressed using tropical polynomial functions of the entries of the patterns. We prove that with this crystal structure, the natural bijection between GTPs and semistandard Young tableaux is a crystal isomorphism.

The article considers various grounds on which lying is forbidden, even in the case of Nazis at the door searching for Jewish refugees. It discusses eight such grounds, seven philosophical (natural law) arguments, and one theological argument. It is concluded that whilst only one of the initial seven grounds appears to permit lying to the Nazis, the theological ground prohibiting lying is the strongest of all.

To understand the potential human health effects of exposure to hazardous substances among first responders from the East Palestine train derailment, an electronic self-administered Assessment of Chemical Exposures (ACE) survey was created and available to first responders between February-March 2023. Among the 339 completed responder surveys analyzed, most reported working at least 1 day during the incident between February 3-8, 2023. Most (79%) reported inhaling, touching, or swallowing potentially harmful substances and did not report using a face mask or respirator while working (75%). Nearly half reported at least 1 new or worsening physical symptom after incident response. These findings support several recommendations to mitigate exposure to hazardous substances among first responders during future incidents, including using a hierarchy of controls framework to reduce exposure to hazards, timely communication of possible hazardous substances involved in the event, and using the Emergency Responder Health Monitoring Surveillance (ERHMS) framework.

This paper discusses the need for public policy limitation on two issues that the Nigerian Same-Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Act (SSMPA) regulates. First, the paper argues that the blanket non-recognition of the benefit(s) of same-sex marriage may breach Nigeria’s conflict of laws norms in certain transnational contexts. Second, it finds the prohibition of registration of gay clubs and organizations under the SSMPA a violation of the right to freedom of expression and association which both the Nigerian Constitution and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights guarantee. The paper therefore recommends an approach that Nigerian courts might adopt in determining whether the conferral of a specific benefit of same-sex marriage conflicts with Nigerian public policy in light of recent jurisprudence.

We build a two-country DSGE model of a monetary union to compare systematically the economic impact of a fiscal stimulus according to different features: domestic or European, public investment or public consumption, unfunded (thanks to grants) or debt-funded, on the core or periphery, and in normal or abnormal (post-ZLB) times. We highlight the importance of spillover wealth effects. Grants play a more important role when it comes to funding public consumption rather than investment, in contrast with the actual use of collective EU funds. A side result permits to assess the opportunity cost of accepting loans.

Excessive consumption of energy drinks poses significant risks, including the development of various non-communicable diseases. This trend is driven by a combination of the desire to remain alert and the strategic use of catchy advertising slogans by manufacturers, particularly targeting young adolescents. Unlike tobacco products, which are similarly linked to such diseases, Nigeria lacks legislation requiring energy drink manufacturers to warn consumers about potential adverse health effects. This paper argues that the absence of such regulation constitutes a violation of the right to health in Nigeria. It concludes by advocating for the Nigerian government to enact laws mandating energy drink manufacturers to include clear health warnings on their products.

At the end of the last glaciation aeolian processes promoted the development of the European Sand Belt, generating one of the largest areas of cold-climate dune fields in the world. Specific processes that led to the development and stabilization of these dunes remain poorly understood because there have been limited attempts to reconstruct the Belt’s past aeolian environments. New paleoenvironmental information can now be provided through an assessment of residual dune ridges (RDRs), landforms that are characteristic of wet dune systems. We recently identified almost 2,000 RDRs within the Kampinos Forest dune field (central Poland) and examined them through detailed morphometric analysis. That search showed that the development of the RDRs was driven by seasonally increased fluvial runoff and, in the longer term, by climate amelioration—apparently during the Bølling–Allerød interstadial. The high density of dunes protected ridges from deflation, so was crucial towards RDR preservation. The study proved that the RDRs can exist for more than 10 ka years, thus they can be used as environmental proxies. Additionally, they can be used as an indicator of past flood-event frequency and magnitude, as well as act as repositories of information on past-dune transformation.

Foods in squeeze pouches are widely available and are marketed as practical, convenient, and healthy food options for infants and children. However, these products do not provide adequate nutrition for growth(1) or align with the front-of-pack health claims. To develop effective strategies and guidance for squeeze pouch consumption, we need to understand which squeeze pouches are used, by whom, and why. A cross-sectional online survey of Tasmanian residents was conducted and included questions about the frequency and types of squeeze pouches consumed by infants and children (aged 0–18 years), the demographics of families who use squeeze pouches frequently and an open-ended question to explore parental motivations for using these products. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression identified demographic predictors of frequent squeeze pouch use (weekly or more). Thematic analysis of qualitative survey responses explored parental experiences. Parents (n = 179; 78% female, 37% aged 35–45 years, 84% born in Australia; 73% university educated) reported on the squeeze pouch use of n = 248 children. Most infants (0–2 years; 71.4%) used squeeze pouches weekly (85.7% consumed in past year), favouring fruit-based (57%), dairy-based (57%), vegetable-based (50%), and meal-based (36%) pouches. Over half of children aged 2–5 years (62.5%) consumed pouches weekly (81.3% consumed in past year), preferring dairy-based (73%) and fruit-based (19%) pouches. Over a third of 6–12-year-olds (35.2%) consume pouches weekly (69.3% consumed in past year), including dairy-based (66%) and fruit-based pouches (20%). A smaller proportion (13.1%) of teenagers (13–17 years) consume pouches weekly (33.3% consumed in past year), primarily choosing dairy-based (26%) and fruit-based (6%) pouches. Younger parents were over 5 times more likely to be frequent users than parents aged over 46 years (18–34 years OR: 5.3, 95% CI 1.8–15.7; 35–45 years OR: 6.0, 95% CI 2.8–12.8). Speaking a language other than English (OR: 4.8; 95% CI 1.5–14.6) also significantly predicted frequent squeeze pouch use, while gender, education, employment status, income, and food security were not associated. Key themes from parents who identified as frequent squeeze pouch users centred around convenience, on-the-go feeding, and managing fussy eating or sensory needs. Parents discussed the societal paradox they experienced, with parents expressing a dislike for squeeze pouches yet using them for behaviour modification as a food reward or buying in bulk when discounted. An understanding of commercial food influences, and greater environmental consciousness were the most common themes described by parents who identified as non-users. This study highlights the widespread use of squeeze pouches among children, particularly in younger age groups but also into middle childhood and adolescence. Comprehensive national data is needed to inform public health strategies that minimise the use of squeeze pouches in children of all ages.

In this paper, we demonstrate that the federal enforcement of the 15th Amendment is necessary for Black representation in the U.S. South. Using novel data on Black officeholders in the South from 1866 to 1912 and from 1969 to 1993, we examine Black representation during Reconstruction and after the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. In both political periods, we find that policies aimed to enforce the 15th Amendment and active Black political participation are necessary preconditions for Black officeholding. This paper helps contextualize scholarship on descriptive representation by identifying this critical link between democracy and representation in the American South. By analyzing broad periods of history, we demonstrate the enduring necessity of active policymaking to ensure fair elections as a precondition of democracy in the American South. Our findings carry significant consequences for understanding the health of American democracy in the twenty-first century.