We study the geometry of Hilbert spaces with complete Pick kernels and the geometry of sets in complex hyperbolic space, taking advantage of the correspondence between the two topics. We focus on questions of assembling Hilbert spaces into larger spaces and of assembling sets into larger sets. Model questions include describing the possible three-dimensional subspaces of four-dimensional Hilbert spaces with Pick kernels and describing the possible triangular faces of a tetrahedron in $\mathbb {CH}^{n}$. A novel technical tool is a complex analog of the cosine of a vertex angle.

If ${\mathbf v} \in {\mathbb R}^{V(X)}$ is an eigenvector for eigenvalue $\lambda $ of a graph X and $\alpha $ is an automorphism of X, then $\alpha ({\mathbf v})$ is also an eigenvector for $\lambda $. Thus, it is rather exceptional for an eigenvalue of a vertex-transitive graph to have multiplicity one. We study cubic vertex-transitive graphs with a nontrivial simple eigenvalue, and discover remarkable connections to arc-transitivity, regular maps, and number theory.

For a bounded analytic function $\varphi $ on the unit disk $\mathbb {D}$ with $\|\varphi \|_\infty \le 1$, we consider the defect operators $D_\varphi $ and $D_{\overline \varphi }$ of the Toeplitz operators $T_{\overline \varphi }$ and $T_\varphi $, respectively, on the weighted Bergman space $A^2_\alpha $. The ranges of $D_\varphi $ and $D_{\overline \varphi }$, written as $H(\varphi )$ and $H(\overline \varphi )$ and equipped with appropriate inner products, are called sub-Bergman spaces.

We prove the following three results in the paper: for $-1<\alpha \le 0$, the space $H(\varphi )$ has a complete Nevanlinna–Pick kernel if and only if $\varphi $ is a Möbius map; for $\alpha>-1$, we have $H(\varphi )=H(\overline \varphi )=A^2_{\alpha -1}$ if and only if the defect operators $D_\varphi $ and $D_{\overline \varphi }$ are compact; and for $\alpha>-1$, we have $D^2_\varphi (A^2_\alpha )= D^2_{\overline \varphi }(A^2_\alpha )=A^2_{\alpha -2}$ if and only if $\varphi $ is a finite Blaschke product. In some sense, our restrictions on $\alpha $ here are best possible.

In our paper, we study multiplicative properties of difference sets $A-A$ for large sets $A \subseteq {\mathbb {Z}}/q{\mathbb {Z}}$ in the case of composite q. We obtain a quantitative version of a result of A. Fish about the structure of the product sets $(A-A)(A-A)$. Also, we show that the multiplicative covering number of any difference set is always small.

In this article, we prove that the Riemann hypothesis implies a conjecture of Chandee on shifted moments of the Riemann zeta function. The proof is based on ideas of Harper concerning sharp upper bounds for the $2k$th moments of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line.

We revisit tensor algebras of subproduct systems with Hilbert space fibers, resolving some open questions in the case of infinite-dimensional fibers. We characterize when a tensor algebra can be identified as the algebra of uniformly continuous noncommutative functions on a noncommutative homogeneous variety or, equivalently, when it is residually finite-dimensional: this happens precisely when the closed homogeneous ideal associated with the subproduct system satisfies a Nullstellensatz with respect to the algebra of uniformly continuous noncommutative functions on the noncommutative closed unit ball. We show that – in contrast to the finite-dimensional case – in the case of infinite-dimensional fibers, this Nullstellensatz may fail. Finally, we also resolve the isomorphism problem for tensor algebras of subproduct systems: two such tensor algebras are (isometrically) isomorphic if and only if their subproduct systems are isomorphic in an appropriate sense.

We study deformed Hermitian Yang–Mills (dHYM) connections on ruled surfaces explicitly, using the momentum construction. As a main application, we provide many new examples of dHYM connections coupled to a variable background Kähler metric. These are solutions of the moment map partial differential equations given by the Hamiltonian action of the extended gauge group, coupling the dHYM equation to the scalar curvature of the background. The large radius limit of these coupled equations is the Kähler–Yang–Mills system of Álvarez-Cónsul, Garcia-Fernandez, and García-Prada, and in this limit, our solutions converge smoothly to those constructed by Keller and Tønnesen-Friedman. We also discuss other aspects of our examples including conical singularities, realization as B-branes, the small radius limit, and canonical representatives of complexified Kähler classes.

A crucial ingredient in the theory of theta liftings of Kudla and Millson is the construction of a $q$-form $\varphi_{KM}$ on an orthogonal symmetric space, using Howe's differential operators. This form can be seen as a Thom form of a real oriented vector bundle. We show that the Kudla-Millson form can be recovered from a canonical construction of Mathai and Quillen. A similar result was obtaind by Garcia for signature $(2,q)$ in case the symmetric space is hermitian and we extend it to arbitrary signature.

A weighted nonlinear flag is a nested set of closed submanifolds, each submanifold endowed with a volume density. We study the geometry of Fréchet manifolds of weighted nonlinear flags, in this way generalizing the weighted nonlinear Grassmannians. When the ambient manifold is symplectic, we use these nonlinear flags to describe a class of coadjoint orbits of the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms, orbits that consist of weighted isotropic nonlinear flags.

An explicit transformation for the series $\sum \limits _{n=1}^{\infty }\displaystyle \frac {\log (n)}{e^{ny}-1}$, or equivalently, $\sum \limits _{n=1}^{\infty }d(n)\log (n)e^{-ny}$ for Re$(y)>0$, which takes y to $1/y$, is obtained for the first time. This series transforms into a series containing the derivative of $R(z)$, a function studied by Christopher Deninger while obtaining an analog of the famous Chowla–Selberg formula for real quadratic fields. In the course of obtaining the transformation, new important properties of $\psi _1(z)$ (the derivative of $R(z)$) are needed as is a new representation for the second derivative of the two-variable Mittag-Leffler function $E_{2, b}(z)$ evaluated at $b=1$, all of which may seem quite unexpected at first glance. Our transformation readily gives the complete asymptotic expansion of $\sum \limits _{n=1}^{\infty }\displaystyle \frac {\log (n)}{e^{ny}-1}$ as $y\to 0$ which was also not known before. An application of the latter is that it gives the asymptotic expansion of $ \displaystyle \int _{0}^{\infty }\zeta \left (\frac {1}{2}-it\right )\zeta '\left (\frac {1}{2}+it\right )e^{-\delta t}\, dt$ as $\delta \to 0$.

In 2007, Andrews introduced Durfee symbols and k-marked Durfee symbols so as to give a combinatorial interpretation for the symmetrized moment function $\eta _{2k}(n)$ of ranks of partitions. He also considered the relations between odd Durfee symbols and the mock theta function $\omega (q)$, and proved that the $2k$th moment function $\eta _{2k}^0(n)$ of odd ranks of odd Durfee symbols counts $(k+1)$-marked odd Durfee symbols of n. In this paper, we first introduce the definition of symmetrized positive odd rank moments $\eta _k^{0+}(n)$ and prove that for all $1\leq i\leq k+1$, $\eta _{2k-1}^{0+}(n)$ is equal to the number of $(k+1)$-marked odd Durfee symbols of n with the ith odd rank equal to zero and $\eta _{2k}^{0+}(n)$ is equal to the number of $(k+1)$-marked Durfee symbols of n with the ith odd rank being positive. Then we calculate the generating functions of $\eta _{k}^{0+}(n)$ and study its asymptotic behavior. Finally, we use Wright’s variant of the Hardy–Ramanujan circle method to obtain an asymptotic formula for $\eta _{k}^{0+}(n)$.

Let $f\colon M^{2n}\to \mathbb {R}^{2n+p}$, $2\leq p\leq n-1$, be an isometric immersion of a Kaehler manifold into Euclidean space. Yan and Zheng (2013, Michigan Mathematical Journal 62, 421–441) conjectured that if the codimension is $p\leq 11$, then, along any connected component of an open dense subset of $M^{2n}$, the submanifold is as follows: it is either foliated by holomorphic submanifolds of dimension at least $2n-2p$ with tangent spaces in the kernel of the second fundamental form whose images are open subsets of affine vector subspaces, or it is embedded holomorphically in a Kaehler submanifold of $\mathbb {R}^{2n+p}$ of larger dimension than $2n$. This bold conjecture was proved by Dajczer and Gromoll just for codimension 3 and then by Yan and Zheng for codimension 4. In this paper, we prove that the second fundamental form of the submanifold behaves pointwise as expected in case that the conjecture is true. This result is a first fundamental step for a possible classification of the nonholomorphic Kaehler submanifolds lying with low codimension in Euclidean space. A counterexample shows that our proof does not work for higher codimension, indicating that proposing $p=11$ in the conjecture as the largest codimension is appropriate.

We study the Galois module structure of the class groups of the Artin–Schreier extensions K over k of extension degree p, where $k:={\mathbb F}_q(T)$ is the rational function field and p is a prime number. The structure of the p-part $Cl_K(p)$ of the ideal class group of K as a finite G-module is determined by the invariant ${\lambda }_n$, where $G:=\operatorname {\mathrm {Gal}}(K/k)=\langle {\sigma } \rangle $ is the Galois group of K over k, and ${\lambda }_n = \dim _{{\mathbb F}_p}(Cl_K(p)^{({\sigma }-1)^{n-1}}/Cl_K(p)^{({\sigma }-1)^{n}})$. We find infinite families of the Artin–Schreier extensions over k whose ideal class groups have guaranteed prescribed ${\lambda }_n$-rank for $1 \leq n \leq 3$. We find an algorithm for computing ${\lambda }_3$-rank of $Cl_K(p)$. Using this algorithm, for a given integer $t \ge 2$, we get infinite families of the Artin–Schreier extensions over k whose ${\lambda }_1$-rank is t, ${\lambda }_2$-rank is $t-1$, and ${\lambda }_3$-rank is $t-2$. In particular, in the case where $p=2$, for a given positive integer $t \ge 2$, we obtain an infinite family of the Artin–Schreier quadratic extensions over k whose $2$-class group rank (resp. $2^2$-class group rank and $2^3$-class group rank) is exactly t (resp. $t-1$ and $t-2$). Furthermore, we also obtain a similar result on the $2^n$-ranks of the divisor class groups of the Artin–Schreier quadratic extensions over k.

In this paper, we study an analogue of the Bernstein–Gelfand–Gelfand category ${\mathcal {O}}$ for truncated current Lie algebras $\mathfrak {g}_n$ attached to a complex semisimple Lie algebra. This category admits Verma modules and simple modules, each parametrized by the dual space of the truncated currents on a choice of Cartan subalgebra in $\mathfrak {g}$. Our main result describes an inductive procedure for computing composition multiplicities of simples inside Vermas for $\mathfrak {g}_n$, in terms of similar composition multiplicities for ${\mathfrak {l}}_{n-1}$ where ${\mathfrak {l}}$ is a Levi subalgebra. As a consequence, these numbers are expressed as integral linear combinations of Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials evaluated at 1. This generalizes recent work of the first author, where the case $n=1$ was treated.