The author’s primary goal in this paper is to characterize $\omega$-Rudin sets and $\omega$-Rudin spaces via sequence convergence and give some important applications of such characterizations. For an irreducible closed set $A$ of a $T_0$-space $X$, we prove that the following four conditions are equivalent: (1) $A$ is an $\omega$-Rudin set; (2) there is $\{a_n : n\in \mathbb{N}\}\subseteq A$ such that the sequence $(a_n)_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ simultaneously converges to all points of $A$; (3) there is $\{a_n : n\in \mathbb{N}\}\subseteq A$ such that the sequence $(\overline {\{a_n\}})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ converges to $A$ in the Hoare power space of $X$; (4) there is $\{a_n : n\in \mathbb{N}\}\subseteq A$ such that the sequence $(\overline {\{a_n\}})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ converges to $A$ in the sobrification of $X$. Based on these characterizations, we obtain some characterizations of $\omega$-Rudin spaces and sober spaces. In particular, we show that for a complete lattice $L$, its Scott space $\Sigma L$ is sober iff for any nonempty Scott irreducible closed set $A$ of $L$, there is $\{a_n : n\in \mathbb{N}\}\subseteq A$ such that the sequence $(a_n)_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ simultaneously Scott converges to all points of $A$ or, equivalently, the sequence $(\overline {\{a_n\}})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ converges to $A$ in the sobrification of $\Sigma L$. Several related examples are presented. We also investigate some basic properties of $\omega$-Rudin spaces. It is proved that the property of being an $\omega$-Rudin space is retractive, productive, and closed-hereditary. We give two examples to show that it is not saturated-hereditary and the category $\boldsymbol{\omega }$-$\mathbf{Rud}$ of $\omega$-Rudin spaces does not have equalizers, and hence, $\boldsymbol{\omega }$-$\mathbf{Rud}$ is not reflective in the category $\mathbf{Top}_{0}$ of all $T_0$-spaces. Finally, we discuss the Smyth power spaces of $\omega$-Rudin spaces. It is shown that if the Smyth power space of a $T_0$-space $X$ is an $\omega$-Rudin space, then $X$ is an $\omega$-Rudin space. The question naturally arises whether the Smyth power space of an $\omega$-Rudin space is still an $\omega$-Rudin space.

Ideal Contractualism views principles of justice as corresponding to what rational, mutually disinterested persons would collectively choose behind a veil of ignorance. It is well-known that Ideal Contractualism faces profound challenges in accounting for justice between generations. We present a unified solution to these problems that involves rejecting the assumption that the parties conceive of their choices as causally efficacious and assumes instead that the parties choose in light of the news value of their decision. And we explore what concrete principles would be chosen by the parties as governing intergenerational justice against the backdrop of this assumption.

In “Parental Love and Filial Equality,” Giacomo Floris and Riccardo Spotorno offer an explanation for why parents should treat their children as equals. The authors argue that this moral obligation is grounded in parents’ duty to love their children in an attitudinal, though not necessarily emotional, sense. This duty, they contend, requires them to disregard variations in their children’s status-conferring properties, as long as those properties meet a minimum threshold. This article argues that this account of filial equal treatment has serious shortcomings. In its place, it proposes a more outcome-oriented or consequentialist account.

Thinking about desire has been integral to radical feminism. My goal is to revive a critical politics of desire informed by the history of radical feminist thought: one sensitive to social determinants of romantic and sexual attraction and open to the possibility that our desires can be radically transformed outside of oppressive environments. To do this, I reconstruct radical feminist strategies for navigating politically problematic desires, including demonstrating that recent scepticism toward this project has underestimated its available resources. In particular, I build upon attempts to reconfigure the social contexts in which romantic and sexual desires are formed, including recommending cultural and economic interventions which influence who is seen as desirable. Radical feminists also recognized potential harms of questioning desire, including the problem of intense sexual moralism. In dialogue with this history, I propose that changes in the infrastructure of desire-formation are often better placed to avoid the unproductive shame and defensiveness associated with a critique of desire. So too, I suggest that attempts to remake our public sexual culture ought to incorporate feminist insights about the importance of imagination, experimentation, and open discussion.

We establish large deviations for dynamical Schrödinger problems driven by perturbed Brownian motions when the noise parameter tends to zero. Our results show that Schrödinger bridges charge exponentially small masses outside the support of the limiting law that agrees with the optimal solution to the dynamical Monge–Kantorovich optimal transport problem. Our proofs build on mixture representations of Schrödinger bridges and establishing exponential continuity of Brownian bridges with respect to the initial and terminal points.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a widely used assisted reproduction technique, but in cattle it faces major challenges due to inefficient oocyte activation after sperm microinjection. This study investigated different oocyte activation strategies and assessed the potential role of reducing agents glutathione (GSH), cysteamine (Cys) and dithiobutylamine (DTBA) to improve sperm head decondensation and embryo development following Piezo-ICSI. Haploid parthenogenetic activation using different ethanol concentrations (1%, 3%, 7% and 10%) failed to yield blastocysts, while diploid activation with ethanol or ionomycin combined with inhibitors significantly improved cleavage (43–55%) and blastocyst rates (14–27%), respectively. However, applying two ethanol pulses was detrimental, reducing both cleavage and blastocysts likely due to toxic overexposure. Sperm head decondensation compounds in Piezo-ICSI showed a high percentage of inactivated oocytes (75% GSH, 55% Cys and 40% DTBA). The highest male pronuclear formation rates were observed in the control without sperm head decondensation (21%) and with DTBA treatment (10%). Despite this, the treatment with Cys resulted in higher developmental potential to the blastocyst stage (22%) comparable to the control (24%). These data suggest that the inclusion of sperm head decondensing agents could represent a promising new strategy for enhancing the early in vitro development of ICSI-generated embryos. However, for this purpose, careful optimization of the concentration and incubation time of these decondensing compounds is essential.

This article examines cases of governors who established a foundation for school choice between 1980 and 1996. Education was a strategic issue around which they sought to alleviate economic concerns and anxieties about desegregation to realize their vision of building, yet again, a New South. As part of this process, southern governors extolled the values of the free market in deracialized ways and networked to pass comprehensive education reform grounded in neoliberal ideologies including individualism and competition.

Deep-sea trawling is concentrated  on assessing fisheries, or in fishing; a combination of long hauls and a large mesh size results in a rather poor collection of soft-bodied invertebrates. In this contribution, we report upon the finding of the French-New Zealand Halipro 2 expedition, along the Norfolk and Loyalty Ridges, especially regarding the proposal of a new genus and description of a new species of polynoid polychaetes, Jimipolyeunoa richeri gen. n., sp. n. Jimipolyeunoa has over 50 body segments, with 21 pairs of elytra; it resembles Parapolyeunoa Barnich, Gambi and Fiege (2012), but they differ because in Jimipolyeunoa the prostomium lacks cephalic peaks (present in Parapolyeunoa), and its neurochaetae are unidentate or finely bidentate (clearly bidentate in Parapolyeunoa). Further, a parasitic copepod was found in one of the specimens, and it is described as Herpyllobius pleurotumoris sp. n., being unique by having the right side of ectosoma with single bulging tumour-like process on posterior third, adjacent to genital swellings.

Twelve sucking lice, Solenopotes burmeisteri (Fahrenholz) (Psocodea: Linognathidae), were collected from a piece of hide from a female elk, Cervus canadensis (Erxleben) (Artiodactyla: Cervidae), that had been road-killed on the Alaska Highway in the Yukon Territory, Canada (60.78048° N, 136.03328° W), in February 2024. This is the first Canadian record of S. burmeisteri, a species of louse native to Eurasia. One nymph of the winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus (Packard) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), was also collected from this host. No additional lice have been found on 13 subsequently examined elk hides.

Many of the most significant goods in human life are fleeting, fragile, and subject to loss. But this aspect of such goods, what I call their preciousness, is undertheorized. Here I provide an account of the nature of precious goods, and argue that this category of goods is significant. I argue that while the preciousness of goods is not a consistent contributor to their intrinsic value, preciousness nevertheless calls for a distinct attitudinal response on the part of rational agents: a focused, joyful attention I refer to as cherishing.

In this article, I show that in contexts where the state fails to deliver order and security, criminal organizations can paradoxically facilitate economic development. I consider the case of the Primeiro Comando da Capital [“First Capital Command”] (PCC)—a Brazilian prison gang that has achieved hegemony over the criminal market of a large region and become the de facto regulator of violence and organized crime in São Paulo. Employing a robust difference-in-differences approach on granular administrative employment data, firm creation registries, and satellite-based nighttime luminosity (as a proxy for informal economic activity), I provide causal evidence that the PCC’s stable, rule-based criminal governance significantly increased local economic opportunities. My findings challenge conventional wisdom on the negative economic externalities of crime, demonstrating that hegemonic, institutionalized, and non-extractive criminal governance can generate positive economic externalities by reducing violence and uncertainty.

As electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft technology advances, the focus has shifted towards hybrid electric power systems to overcome battery-specific energy limitations. This study introduces a deterministic hybrid power ratio to develop a series gas turbine hybrid electric propulsion system for a generic quad tiltrotor aircraft. First, the failure modes were categorised into two groups based on the primary power component arrangement, and the risks associated with each other were assessed. Three failure modes were identified in typical eVTOL layouts, i.e. one engine inoperative (OEI), one battery pack inoperative (OBI) and one proprotor inoperative (OPI). In addition, for configurations where a single nacelle contained both the battery and motor, a combined OPI+OBI case was considered, thereby acknowledging interconnected risks and extending the scope to four potential failure modes. The study determined the minimum weight of hybrid power systems using tailored deterministic hybrid power ratios based on five proposed sizing rules. In conclusion, the paper proposes an efficient battery layout for lightweight hybrid power systems and an optimal hybrid power system for the eVTOL aircraft, aligned with current battery technology levels.