Every manufacturing procedure is subject to tolerance variations. Over the years, a set of key characteristic features (KCF) that can explain the effect of manufacturing variations on the aero-mechanical performance of a fan blade has been devised and monitored to ensure conformality and good performance. The KCFs are derived from a cloud of coordinate measurement machine (CMM) points and are defined on approved engineering drawings for the manufactured part. In this paper, it is demonstrated that some of the traditional, common wisdom KCFs are not adequate to explain the engine performance deviation behaviour on a test bed at the sea-level condition. On the other hand, good correlation is found by analysing a set of engineering parameters drawn from a new inverse-mapping procedure of the CMM data. It is further demonstrated that a deviation measured via CMM or 3D structured light (GOM) data in cold conditions can be translated to a variation in the hot running shape of the blade. Having identified the key blade features, a cheap alternative to modifying the manufacturing procedure is devised to recover the fan performance by optimising its leading-edge shape.

In the United States in the early twentieth century, state and local laws discriminating on the basis of alienage proliferated. Progressive reformers, nativist groups, state legislatures, and city councils sought new methods for restricting noncitizen access to the workplace and the marketplace. As this article demonstrates, the primary vehicle they utilized was state and local licensing laws. Licensing proved to be a powerful tool of exclusion; by 1930, citizenship-based licensing restrictions were present in every state and most major cities. Noncitizens challenged some of these laws, pushing for greater protection of their constitutional rights. The resulting court contests over exclusionary licensing laws led to the creation of a new branch of legal doctrine, one that redefined the relationship between noncitizens and state power. This article highlights the significant and underappreciated role played by state and local laws in shaping the immigrant experience in the Progressive Era. It furthers our understanding of the licensing power and illuminates a pivotal moment in the development of immigrant rights. Today, noncitizens are still excluded from a range of economic activities due to licensing restrictions. This article explores the roots and the spread of this little understood – and still consequential – technique of exclusion.

When we uncovered a large gender gap in political ambition in the early 2000s, our research highlighted how far the United States was from gender parity in politics. Given marked increases in women’s numeric representation throughout the past two decades, many might expect the gender gap in political ambition to have begun to close. Results from our new study of potential candidates, however, reveal that the magnitude of the gender gap is just as large 20 years later, and two primary explanations persist as well. We posit that even though candidate recruitment has propelled more women into electoral politics, patterns of traditional gender socialization persist. These dynamics, coupled with negative perceptions of how female candidates are treated, continue to depress women’s interest in elective office. As long as running for office is a more remote endeavor for women than men, women’s full political inclusion will remain a distant goal.

This paper first studies the multiplicity of normalized solutions to the non-autonomous Schrödinger equation with mixed nonlinearities

\begin{equation*}\begin{cases}-\Delta u=\lambda u+h(\epsilon x)|u|^{q-2}u+\eta |u|^{p-2}u,\quad x\in \mathbb{R}^N, \\\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}|u|^2\,\textrm{d}x=a^2,\end{cases}\end{equation*}

$a, \epsilon, \eta \gt 0$

$\lambda\in \mathbb{R}$

$p=2N/(N-2)$

The Dobbs decision has precipitated renewed medical, political, and professional interest in the issue of abortion. Because this decision handed responsibility for regulation of abortion back to the states, and because the states are enacting or have enacted policies that tend to be very permissive or very restrictive, the result has been legal and professional confusion for physicians and their patients. Medical education cannot resolve either the legal or ethical issues regarding abortion. However, medical education must prepare future physicians for caring for patients seeking abortion-related services. Physicians must be prepared to interact appropriately (sensitively and with integrity) with patients or colleagues whose views on abortion differ significantly from their own. This essay describes our educational effort to achieve that objective. The motto that governed this exercise was “No Easy Answers.”

We provide a meta-analytic examination of the CEO overconfidence–firm performance relationship. Our results support a positive relationship between these focal variables. Drawing from trait activation theory and national cultural differences literatures, we find that cross-cultural effects moderate the focal relationship. More specifically, we find that the CEO overconfidence–firm performance relationship is stronger in high assertive, low institutional collectivistic, low in-group collectivistic, high future-oriented, high gender egalitarian, high performance-oriented, low power distance, and low uncertainty avoidance cultures. Consistent with the resource orchestration literature, we also find that entrepreneurial orientation mediates the focal relationship between CEO overconfidence and firm performance. Taken together, our results present a more nuanced picture of the CEO trait–firm performance relationship. In the future, researchers may consider examining additional CEO traits as well as additional contextual factors including internal, as well as environmental, factors.

Let $X$, $Y$ be nonsingular real algebraic sets. A map $\varphi \colon X \to Y$ is said to be $k$-regulous, where $k$ is a nonnegative integer, if it is of class $\mathcal {C}^k$ and the restriction of $\varphi$ to some Zariski open dense subset of $X$ is a regular map. Assuming that $Y$ is uniformly rational, and $k \geq 1$, we prove that a $\mathcal {C}^{\infty }$ map $f \colon X \to Y$ can be approximated by $k$-regulous maps in the $\mathcal {C}^k$ topology if and only if $f$ is homotopic to a $k$-regulous map. The class of uniformly rational real algebraic varieties includes spheres, Grassmannians and rational nonsingular surfaces, and is stable under blowing up nonsingular centers. Furthermore, taking $Y=\mathbb {S}^p$ (the unit $p$-dimensional sphere), we obtain several new results on approximation of $\mathcal {C}^{\infty }$ maps from $X$ into $\mathbb {S}^p$ by $k$-regulous maps in the $\mathcal {C}^k$ topology, for $k \geq 0$.

This study explores the pig-raising practices of Chinese migrants in Los Angeles Chinatown during the Chinese Exclusion Era. Chinese butcher shops sold pork meat, and previous research indicates that they likely sold the more profitable parts outside of Chinatown for additional income while consuming cheaper cuts themselves. Using dental calculus analysis and archival research, this study further explores how Chinatown residents relied on pork to thrive in an anti-Chinese environment. Dental calculus results suggest that Chinese migrants raised their own pigs with food waste and by-products from rice fields; this pork was then sold to meat markets or consumed within the community. The analysis of immigration records indicates that Chinese butcher shops provided employment opportunities as well as housing, banking, and immigration support for Chinese migrants. Pig raising, therefore, not only supplied a source of meat for Chinese migrants but also supported a range of social and financial services for a marginalized group that faced everyday discrimination from dominant society. Overall, this study traces the labor and networks that small businesses in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries needed to source and distribute pork, and it highlights how a Chinese diasporic community developed a pork production system to resist racism.

Yours of the 9.th of May came hither after Coll. Sackville's departure, and finds this Garrison at present under my command, wherein I shall endeavour to behave my self with that fidelity and vigilance as becomes so great a trust, and that zeal I have ever had for his Ma.ties service which I study to promote here. I cannot but recommend myself and affaires to your protection that they may have the happinesse of being represented favourably to his Maj.tie.