El análisis de los precios de la energía es uno de los temas destacados en los estudios sobre transiciones energéticas. Su importancia deriva del impacto que éstos puedan tener en incentivar o retrasar dichos procesos. Esta investigación analiza la influencia de los precios de las energías en las transiciones energéticas chilenas entre 1841 y 1970. Sostenemos que, durante el siglo XIX, los precios de la energía favorecieron la transición energética y la modernización de la economía; mientras que, durante el siglo XX, los mismos precios retrasaron la transición, y ralentizaron la modernización de la economía. Los precios de la energía se vieron fuertemente influenciados por la dotación de recursos energéticos y por las políticas económicas. Esta investigación ofrece la primera serie de precios de energía en Chile, que abarca leña, carbón mineral (nacional e importado), petróleo, gas natural y electricidad, para casi 130 años de historia.

This article explores Lucian’s treatise, How to Write History, in the context of ancient rhetorical and literary theory. While situated within the domain of historiography, the treatise prioritizes issues related to literary composition, such as the linguistic register and content selection deemed fitting for the historical genre. Through comparisons with critics and theoreticians like Aristotle and Demetrius, this study re-evaluates Lucian’s instructions for preface writing and other stylistic guidelines throughout the work. The conclusions highlight Lucian’s innovative approach to historical composition, influenced by rhetorical and literary theory yet reshaped to fit his vision of history and its purpose. Additionally, the examination reveals Lucian’s strategic use of rhetorical and literary theory in critiquing not only writing style but also issues intrinsic to history.

Today, considerations of disability are a vital part of health law scholarship and teaching, but that was not always the case. This Essay traces how disability’s role in health law has grown over the past three decades, alongside the author’s own evolution as a health and disability law scholar. The recent official designation of disabled people as a health disparities population is encouraging, but much work remains to achieve health equity for disabled persons.

Arowosegbe’s (2023) treatise on the crisis of higher education across the African continent raises many issues about the failures of Africa’s postcolonial states and the situations of the continent’s public universities. His courage in bringing to the fore the predicaments of Africa’s public universities is commendable. Two issues in particular attract my attention. First, while he underscores the strained relations between the state and the academy and recognizes the existence of some divergent ideological underpinnings therein, his account neglects the impacts of ideological contradictions on society’s political stability and socio-economic development. Second, his account omits the quandaries of private universities in Africa, an aspect of higher education across the continent that should not be overlooked if one is to holistically appreciate the predicaments of Africa’s universities within the context of the role of the postcolonial state.

Much of the history of Indian businesses and merchants outside the subcontinent has emphasized the role of specific trading groups that created and utilized ties with India. The rise of Trinidad’s Indian shopkeepers tells an alternative story: former labor migrants turned to commerce. Indentured labor formed the connection between India and Trinidad, an area outside traditional Indian merchant activity. Trinidad’s organic Indian business community arose owing to the absence of traditional trading groups in the immigrant population, the large distance from India, and the growth of the Indian population that in turn demanded services. Shopkeepers came disproportionately from upper castes, who possibly relied on their greater social status and new network ties in Trinidad. However, shopkeepers did not rise into the upper echelons of commerce. This break shows the limits of traditional Indian traders in establishing ties in the farthest reaches of the British Empire.

We construct a functor associating a cubical set to a (simple) graph. We show that cubical sets arising in this way are Kan complexes, and that the A-groups of a graph coincide with the homotopy groups of the associated Kan complex. We use this to prove a conjecture of Babson, Barcelo, de Longueville, and Laubenbacher from 2006, and a strong version of the Hurewicz theorem in discrete homotopy theory.