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Globalization generates benefits for nations around the world, but it also creates winners and losers within nations. As former WTO Director-General Pascal Lamy puts it: ‘Globalization works because it is painful, and it is painful because it works’.1 This is why international economic integration inevitably creates a collective action problem; opposition by losers may thwart policies that would benefit nations overall.
In addition to the acrostic–telestic combination natu ceu aes ‘from birth like bronze’, Catullus poem 60 contains the earliest attested Latin mesostic (mi pia ‘dutiful to me’), which runs down its caesuras. The use of pius anticipates the language of aristocratic obligation that is used of Lesbia in the epigrams and is perhaps also a wordplay on the praenomen of Clodia’s father, Appius. The complex acrostics and the syntax of mi pia, along with the setting of poem 59 (in sepulcretis), suggest that poem 60 can be read as a literary epitaph. Additional closural elements in the poem include an allusion to Callimachus and a sphragis in the form of a play on the author’s name.
Payers have shaped the healthcare system in the United States as fee-for-service has facilitated a care model that prioritizes volume over the sake of patient care. This worsens health disparities, especially in safety net facilities where ancillary social work is both necessary clinically and completely uncompensated. Using concepts from Iris Marion Young’s Responsibility for Justice, it can be concluded that payers have a moral responsibility for reimbursing social care to address historical injustices. In this article, I describe the ethical hazards in paying for social care and propose a way to finance this through value-based payments.
The human health impacts of disaster are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to the effects of climate change. This has impacts on all nations, but understanding disaster-related health impacts in highly populous nations, such as India, will help to inform risk preparedness and reduction measures for large proportions of the global population.
Problem:
Disaster-related human health impacts in India were examined via the use of survey data to inform risk reduction.
Methods:
A cross-sectional analysis of Wave 1 (2017-2018) data from the Longitudinal Aging Study India (LASI) was conducted to explore the impact of both natural and human-induced disasters on the self-reported health of people 45 years and above, as well as their partners (irrespective of age). Descriptive statistics, chi square tests of association, odds ratio, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data by socio-demographics, geographic location, and health concern type.
Results:
Out of a total 72,250 respondents, 2,301 (3.5%) reported disaster-related health impacts, of which 90.1% were significant. Rural residents and those with no education were more likely to be affected. Droughts were most commonly responsible for affecting human health (41.7%), followed by floods (24.0%). Two-thirds of the sample reported psychological trauma and one-in-five experienced chronic illness.
Discussion:
The LASI study presents an important first understanding of the self-reported human health impacts of disasters, both natural and human-induced in India. Findings indicate social determinants such as education level and rurality impact risk of disaster-related health impacts, while mental health concerns represent the biggest disaster-related health concern.
Conclusion:
Future waves of LASI should be examined to determine if human health impacts are increasing due to the effects of climate change, as well as the vulnerability of an aging cohort.
Hermann Cohen, the founding father of Marburg neo-Kantianism, is known for criticising capitalism from a Kantian ethical perspective. Thus far, the role of the notion of humanity in this critique has been viewed as grounding what I shall call the ‘purposive labour reading’. This reading takes Cohen’s primary interest to lie in a reorganisation of work so that our humanity, which requires us to be treated as ends, remains intact. With the aim to better understand the relevant notion of humanity, I contextualise the discussion within the overall framework of Cohens’ neo-Kantian account of ethical cognition and situate his ideas in the context of his contemporary interlocutors. Revisiting Cohen’s remarks on socialism and capitalism against this backdrop reveals that his discussion of labour serves as an exemplar, showcasing how ethical rationality manifests in the liberal socialists’ demands. I argue that his primary aim was not to prepare the ground for a prescriptive labour theory – though this is likely to follow – but to argue for a framework alternative to historical materialism, allowing us to perceive and interpret social practices in an ethical light.
In this article Amy Kaufman, Head Law Librarian at Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, examines what role Canadian law libraries can take in responding to the findings of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) Report in 2015, which examined the treatment of Aboriginal people in the country throughout its history, and its Calls to Action.
Over the past twenty-five years, the Center for Health Law, Ethics, and Human Rights (CLER) has been a leader in torture treatment, advocacy, and education. In 1998, the Boston Center for Refugee Health and Human Rights (BCRHHR) was founded to provide holistic treatment to asylum seekers who have been tortured by their governments and justifiably feared further persecution if they returned to their countries. Seeking justice is an important part of healing for survivors, and BCRHHR clinicians work closely with immigration attorneys to document clinical evidence of torture to support asylum applications. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, it was revealed that the U.S. government tortured captives and committed other war crimes. CLER scholars examined how doctors and lawyers worked with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to rationalize and sanitize torture, providing legal immunity for perpetrators. My colleagues and I at CLER assumed a national leadership role in opposing practices that constitute torture, as well as cruel, inhumane, and degrading treatment. These practices included the force-feeding of hunger strikers, the Rendition, Detention, and Interrogation (RDI) program (a covert operation involving disappearances, extrajudicial detentions, and torture of suspects in the so-called “War on Terror”), the use of lawyers and physicians to justify these actions, and U.S. policies that authorized torture. We met with military officials of the Department of Defense (DOD) and hosted a meeting with international experts to brainstorm solutions. We evaluated the devastating effects of the U.S. torture program on detainees and testified in the military commission’s pretrial hearings for a detainee accused of terrorism.
Doctors and lawyers at the CLER have focused on understanding contemporary torture and the relevance of the Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial which condemned Nazi doctors for torturing prisoners. The CLER continues to promote the importance of International Human Rights Law.
Film, TV, and social media greatly expanded the possibilities and parameters of theatre and performance. Happenings, multimedia works, and performance art, as well as virtuosic vocal acrobats and shape-shifting innovators like Lily Tomlin, John Leguizamo, Anna Deavere Smith, Tracey Ullman, Barry Humphries, and Charles Pierce have created mercurial, multicharacter spectacles. The cultural fıssion of this performance synergy also encompasses maverick poets, painters, journalists, political activists, critics, and even a nonagenarian fashion model.
Portable MRI for neuroimaging research in remote field settings can reach populations previously excluded from research, including communities underrepresented in current brain neuroscience databases and marginalized in health care. However, research conducted far from a medical institution and potentially in populations facing barriers to health care access raises the question of how to manage incidental findings (IFs) that may warrant clinical workup. Researchers should not withhold information about IFs from historically excluded and underserved population when members consent to receive it, and instead should facilitate access to information and a pathway to clinical care.
This paper derives from new work on Mesolithic human skeletal material from Strøby Egede, a near coastal site in eastern Sjælland, with two foci. The first confirms sex identifications from original work carried out in 1986. The second, and central focus, re-examines comments by one of us (CM) based on work in 1992, and a new statistical analysis including data from the two Strøby Egede adults. In 1998 it was suggested that the Strøby Egede sample more closely resembled Skateholm, on the coast of Skåne in southern Sweden, than Vedbæk-Bøgebakken on Sjælland, fitting lithic patterns noted earlier by Vang Petersen. We revisit the 1998 suggestion below, comparing data from Strøby Egede to those available from southern Scandinavia and Germany, and suggest that the 1998 comment was, in all probability, incorrect. The analysis below suggests overall morphological similarity between individuals in eastern Sjælland and Skåne, while noting the existence of apparent outliers.