Anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes is insufficiently studied in cattle in many European regions, including France, where only three studies have been conducted in the north-west. This study evaluated the efficacy of benzimidazoles and avermectins in cattle from a mid-mountain region in central France. Faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were performed in 22 groups of 10–25 calves from 16 dairy or beef farms. Each group received either oral oxfendazole (OFZ, 11 groups) or injectable ivermectin (IVM, 11 groups). Faecal samples were collected in a paired study design before (D0) and after treatment (D10-14 for OFZ, D14-17 for IVM). Individual faecal egg counts (FECs) were determined using the Mini-FLOTAC method, and pooled faecal samples were cultured per group to determine the proportions of Ostertagia and Cooperia larvae using droplet digital PCR. Efficacy classification (resistant, susceptible or inconclusive) was determined for each group according to the WAAVP guidelines, using the fecrt.com web application and the clinical protocol scenario with a grey zone of 90–99%. IVM resistance was detected on 10 of 11 farms, with 33–49% and 51–67% of larvae being Ostertagia and Cooperia after treatment, respectively. The remaining farm had inconclusive results. OFZ resistance was detected on 2 of 11 farms, with 100% and 97% of larvae being Ostertagia after treatment. The remaining 9 farms were classified as susceptible. This study provides valuable local insights into AR, which could help raise awareness among farmers and veterinarians and encourage changes in treatment practices.

Accurate and internally coherent crop-yield forecasts are important for agricultural risk management, crop-insurance ratemaking, and regional risk assessment under climate variability. However, crop yields are influenced by high-dimensional and strongly correlated weather conditions, while forecasts produced at different spatial levels often violate aggregation constraints. Existing studies focus on yield prediction within individual regions and pay limited attention to weather-informed forecasting, hierarchical coherence, and insurance-oriented risk measurement. This paper develops an integrated framework for hierarchical crop-yield forecasting and risk assessment by combining dimensionality reduction for high-dimensional weather variables, probabilistic forecasting, and forecast reconciliation. Using county- and state-level spring and winter wheat yields in Montana from 1982 to 2022, we compare alternative base forecasting models and reconciliation methods under scenarios with and without weather information. Forecast performance is evaluated using point and probabilistic scoring rules, and the reconciled predictive distributions are used to construct scenario-based measures of downside yield risk. The results show that incorporating weather information and hierarchical reconciliation improves the quality and coherence of hierarchical yield forecasts. The resulting probabilistic forecasts provide a basis for loss-rate estimation, cross-county risk comparison, and spatial risk mapping and also support crop-insurance ratemaking under a retain–cede game between private insurers and the government.

This article explores a new phenomenon taking root across the Global North in the late millennium. Emigration, long assumed to be the preserve of younger age groups, was increasingly the choice of the recently or soon-to-be retired. Centring the British case, the article traces the later-life mobilities of two groups: the mostly white retirees who relocated to southern Europe in search of better lifestyles, and the black and South Asian citizens who returned ‘home’ to Britain’s former colonies in older age. It argues that these mobilities should be understood as belonging to the same paradoxical moment: when rising affluence was expanding older people’s aspirations and opportunities and postcolonial anxieties were turning ageing in multiracial Britain into an unattractive prospect for many. Through a critical reading of qualitative ethnographic data, oral histories and press and media sources, the analysis shows that ageing was a significant force in the movements of people in and beyond Europe during a period more typically associated with exclusionary bordering regimes. It suggests that historians should attend more closely to these intersections of mass immigration, demographic change and ‘neoliberal’ welfare states in the remaking of European societies over the past half-century.

This research explores how bio-based materials might support everyday intimate care in non-medicalized ways. During the transition to motherhood, reproductive bodies undergo profound changes that disrupt bodily environments including the vaginal microbiome, skin barrier and urinary tract. To surface these fluctuations, we explored pH-sensing materials from agar, carboxymethyl cellulose and anthocyanin that indicate the pH of vaginal discharge, sweat and urine via color change. Through co-creation with design researchers, we identified three dimensions for designing maternal care artifacts: ambiguity, visibility and lenience. Combining material qualities, microbiology and feminist design approaches, we created three design provocations that integrate these materials into everyday care scenarios. Our work contributes to the social dimension of biodesign by nuancing bio-based material exploration for diverse human experiences and foregrounding bodily materials as integral to biodesign processes and outcomes and further highlighting human–microbiome sensibilities, resisting medicalization of bodies and materializing feminist critique of self-tracking.

This paper explores Robert Frank’s photographs of southern California from his collection The Americans (1958). Using Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin’s historical-materialist approach, I show how Frank dismantles Hollywood’s dream factory as he travels through the heart of the culture industry. Frank’s photography stands at the crossroads of Adorno’s and Benjamin’s philosophical fragments on modernity’s ruins. Challenging any grand narrative about sociohistorical progress in his desultory arrangement of photographs, I argue that Frank’s methodology is wedded to how the two philosophers approach a philosophy of history. Whether he is shooting overgrown suburban yards, a solitary figure on Main Street, or the backside of the Hollywood sign, Frank shows how California’s imagined Arcadia comprises scenes of abandonment and melancholic loss. Like the philosophers from the Frankfurt school, Frank’s images suggest that the culture industry fabricates a false sense of community and fuels an atmosphere of isolation inhabited by reified commodities and the obsolescence of their consumers.

This is a talk delivered on the occasion of the Central European History Convention’s first meeting in Vienna in July 2025. It is dedicated to the career of historian Pieter M. Judson.

Developments of proof-theoretic semantics that locate meaning uniformly either with introduction rules or with elimination rules give rise to higher-order inference rules. These higher-order rules typically resist straightforward formulation in natural deduction and appear to license a more general class of valid inference patterns than the corresponding rules in Gentzen’s original calculus. Examples from Koslow’s and Schroeder-Heister’s approaches to proof-theoretic semantics illustrate the pattern. We show that this apparent generality is an illusion. In every case in which they arise, the higher-order rule is seen to be a twofold universalization of Gentzen’s lower-level rule and is proven to be interderivable with it. The result highlights the primacy of the universal construction—rather than the details of any particular presentation—as determining meaning. An application to identity shows that higher-order rules can even make explicit universal constructions that remain hidden at the level of familiar inferential patterns.

Consciousness arose through natural selection. Yet, few accounts suggest how it garnered selective benefit. Fleming & Michel provide a testable thesis: separating the real from the hypothetical, triggered by the profligate generativity of land for possible futures, is essential for a land animal to survive. Unexplained in the account is conscious planning, important for humans and perhaps other animals.

The target article conflates simple (“System 1”) model-based decision-making with reflective/imaginative (“System 2”) sorts. We show that most species of fish are capable of the former, which seems all that would be necessary for slow ventral-system-like vision to evolve. Since land-based predator-avoidance, too, may require only the former, there is no sharp distinction between aquatic and land-based life-forms.

Texts are defined by their decontextualizability, including decontextualization from the sensory experience of their transmission. Nevertheless, text, like all of language, is always encountered in some material form. This paper explores how readers make use of distinct text modalities to coordinate individual reading activities into a collective experience of textual unity. I present a semiotic analysis of meetings of a Taipei-based reading group alongside explicit metapragmatic talk from readers on the affordances of different text formats, such as audiobooks, e-books, and print. I show how readers leverage differences and similarities between the same text in different formats to achieve degrees of alignment, coherence, and coordination, even in the absence of agreement on truth-conditional propositional content. I argue that the ability of text to serve as an anchor for social life depends upon interactional practices that alternately foreground and background the sensory dimensions of acts of reading.

We explore the combinatorial properties of the set $\mathfrak {S}(k,\ell; n)$ consisting of standard Young tableaux with specific shape constraints. Using bijections with Motzkin and free Motzkin paths, we enumerate $\mathrm {S}_m(3,0;n)$ and $\mathrm {S}_m(2,1;n)$ for all m, and $\mathrm {S}_m(0,3;n)$ and $\mathrm {S}_m(1,2;n)$ for small values of m. We derive explicit formulae such as $\mathrm {S}_2(3,0;n)=M_n - M_{n-1}$ and $\mathrm {S}_4(3,0;n)=M_{n-3}$, where $M_n$ denotes the number of Motzkin paths of length n. Furthermore, we offer an alternative proof of Regev’s identity $\mathrm {S}(2,1;n)=1+\mathrm { S}_{\mathrm {odd}}(2,1;n+1)$, thereby deepening the connection between standard Young tableaux and lattice path combinatorics.

Determining the functions of consciousness is difficult, in part because the term “consciousness” subsumes many different sensory modalities and aspects of cognitive processing. Fleming and Michel make an excellent start by forwarding compelling arguments regarding functions for conscious vision. I consider how their picture might generalize beyond vision, by looking at two areas: conscious proprioception and conscious mental imagery.