We present the discovery of 15 well-resolved giant radio galaxies (GRGs) with angular sizes $\ge$5 arcmin and physical sizes $\gt$1 Mpc in wide-field Phased Array Feed 944 MHz observations on the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). We identify their host galaxies, examine their radio properties as well as their environment, and classify their morphologies as FR I (4), FR II (8), intermediate FR I/II (2), and hybrid (1). The combined $\sim$40 deg$^2$ ASKAP image of the Sculptor field, which is centred near the starburst galaxy NGC 253, has a resolution of 13″ and an rms sensitivity of $\gtrsim$10 $\unicode{x03BC}$Jy beam$^{-1}$. The largest GRGs in our sample are ASKAP J0057–2428 ($z_{\mathrm{phot}}$ = 0.238), ASKAP J0059–2352 ($z_{\mathrm{phot}}$ = 0.735), and ASKAP J0107–2347 ($z_{\mathrm{phot}}$ = 0.312), for which we estimate linear projected sizes of 2.7, 3.5, and 3.8 Mpc, respectively. In total, we catalog 232 extended radio galaxies of which 77 (33%) are larger than 0.7 Mpc and 35 (15%) are larger than 1 Mpc. The radio galaxy densities are 5.8 deg$^{-2}$ (total) and 0.9 (1.9) deg$^{-2}$ for those larger than 1 (0.7) Mpc, similar to previous results. Furthermore, we present the ASKAP discovery of a head-tail radio galaxy, a double-lobe radio galaxy with a spiral host, and radio emission from several galaxy clusters. As the ASKAP observations were originally conducted to search for a radio counterpart to the gravitational wave detection GW190814 ($z \sim 0.05$), we highlight possible host galaxies in our sample.

Wheat production is increasingly threatened by high-temperature stress. The Tarai belt of eastern India, a non-traditional wheat-growing region, remains understudied regarding heat stress impacts. This study evaluated five wheat cultivars under late-sowing-induced terminal heat stress (THS) condition, assessing physiological, biochemical, and agronomic traits and their interrelationships. Three late-sowing environments (LSE) were tested: 15-day (LSE-I), 30-day (LSE-II), and 45-day (LSE-III) delay, compared to timely-sown control (NSE). A 15-day delay had minimal impacts, whereas 30- and 45-day delays significantly reduced grain number per ear, ear length, and 1000-grain weight, resulting in 24% and 51% yield losses, respectively. Under LSE-II and LSE-III, substantial increases were recorded in flag leaf catalase (166–214%), peroxidase (191–227%), and proline (88–105%), while membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll index (SPAD) declined by 23–28%, 9–14%, and 7–17%, respectively. Prominent changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, proline, and phenol content were observed between anthesis and the soft-dough stage. Multivariate linear regression models indicated that yield was positively associated with RWC, MSI, SPAD, and canopy temperature, whereas enzymatic and secondary metabolite effects on yield were comparatively less pronounced. Among the cultivars, HD 2967 and K 0370 performed best under late-sown conditions, with HD 2967 showing the highest stability. Overall, the results highlight that sowing before 5 December and selecting suitable cultivars are essential for alleviating THS in the Tarai region of eastern India. RWC, MSI, and SPAD emerge as key physiological traits conferring resilience to THS, warranting their validation across a broader genotypic pool in future studies.

This article examines the negotiation of ethnopolitical categories in wartime Nazi Germany by analyzing Gestapo investigations into accusations of “friendliness to Poland” against German citizens of Polish descent in the industrial Ruhr conurbation. By relying heavily on denunciations and informing, the Gestapo incentivized ordinary Germans in the Ruhr to identify perceived “dangerous outsiders” to the Volksgemeinschaft. Some therefore relied on longstanding anti-Polish tropes to frame accusations in the racial categories of the Nazi state. But while many such accusations alerted the Gestapo’s attention, they frequently masked a pursuit of personal issues and presented officers with significant investigatory difficulties. Unlike the generally brutal treatment of ethnolinguistic minorities in Nazi Germany, Gestapo officers often did not simply employ blanket repression in these cases. They frequently considered accused individuals’ socioeconomic productivity and “commitment” to Germany, characteristics that defendants stressed, thus highlighting the often contingent, unstable process of ethnic boundary formation in Nazi Germany.

Our analysis of 61 versions of the Great Basin (GB) Indigenous oral-history narrative, Theft of Pine Nuts, provides valuable new paleoecological insights into late Pleistocene (LP) and Holocene biogeography of pinyon pine (Pinus monophylla). Pinyon homelands indicated by Indigenous sources were located not only within the current pinyon distribution but also north of the known range, in northern California and Nevada, southern Oregon and Idaho, and western Wyoming. These extramarginal pinyon locations corroborate and expand a Western science hypothesis that proposed LP or Early Holocene refugial populations for pinyon in northern GB that subsequently became extirpated. The narratives also provide new evidence for pre-contact distributions of native mammals in the GB. From analysis of the “ice-barrier” accounts in the Indigenous narratives, we propose parts of this oral-history narrative may have been transmitted since LP times. Whereas most prior efforts have assessed Indigenous oral histories that describe catastrophic geologic events, we document that important ecological dynamics are also embedded in these stories. Our analysis joins other studies in recognizing that oral-history narratives can contain reliable eyewitness observations that are useful for reconstructing paleoenvironmental events and conditions.

Taking its departure from the dependence on human and equine bodies to be healthy and capable of performing their various tasks in early modern societies, the article studies what notions of human and equine health and ability ordinary people embraced, by using a large sample of court cases from Sweden. It is shown that people made sense of human and equine illness as physical weaknesses or as bodily subjugations by disease entities, and that it was not meaningful to differentiate between illness and injury, since a diminished capacity for work was at the core. Particular yardsticks of capability are also identified, in relation to which people’s and horses’ abilities to carry out alternative tasks were assessed. Importantly, it is shown that people did not depart from universal categories of human or equine physiology, but from how individual men, women, and horses used to be and be able to perform certain tasks. An implicit framework of a task-oriented functionality for working bodies is identified, which, it is finally suggested, shows similarities with and predates mechanistic physiology. It is thus suggested that working people’s task-oriented ways of understanding working bodies should be considered in historical studies of the rise of mechanism.

Archaeologists engage with the public in various ways and, with the popularity of social media, are learning to adapt to the fast-paced nature of content creation. Posting online provides opportunities for archaeologists to engage with the public at any time and is a tool that can be used to share our knowledge quickly and broadly. Archaeological social media content can use many different approaches, but short-form video content is particularly effective. Many of these methods have similar goals: to educate the public and entertain. This digital review introduces different aspects of social media like the attention economy, online echo chambers, and the public’s reaction to posts about archaeology.

Cardiac MRI confirmed ventricular dysfunction identified by echocardiography and additionally detected myocardial oedema and fibrosis in some paediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, and mixed connective tissue disease. These findings were followed by changes in immunotherapy in 3 of 11 patients, supporting the added diagnostic and clinical value of cardiac MRI in managing paediatric patients with rheumatologic disorders.

The design of subnational fiscal frameworks shapes how tax and spending choices affect fiscal sustainability. Using Scotland as a case, we show that its fiscal health depends crucially on how the UK Government manages its own sustainability. National and subnational fiscal sustainability are interconnected. Differences in factors like demographics and health between Scotland and the UK also influence fiscal outcomes. These dynamics must inform any debate on reforming the UK’s fiscal frameworks, especially if further devolution—including to English regions—is pursued.

Previous research on bilingual language processing has shed light on language control mechanism behind comprehension and speech production of bilinguals but the commonness or habitualness of code-switched terms in the design of the stimuli is seldom explored. This research attempted to explore the relationship between habitualness of code-switched terms and cognitive load level in Cantonese-English sight translation tasks among native Cantonese speakers in Macao through investigation from both objective and subjective data. The research collected and analysed eye-tracking data, audio data and NASA-TLX data. The results provided partial evidence that Macao native Cantonese speakers tended to experience lower cognitive load in the sight translation task when they were allowed to code switch the words they habitually applied in English; however, the correlation between code-switching and reduction of cognitive load was not significant. The findings suggest the selectivity of code-switching in language output and indicate that different levels of habitualness of the code-switched terms may modulate cognitive load.

After introducing the topic of antifascism on the internet and the issues that scientific publications encounter when facing the web, the first part of this contribution in Contexts and Debates examined the first of three digital history projects connected to this topic, the Atlante delle stragi naziste e fasciste. In this following section, the attention is focused on two more publications: IF – Intellettuali in fuga dall’Italia fascista, a project tied to the issue of mobility for people persecuted by the Fascist regime; and Memorie in Cammino, a project that approaches its content and the user’s interaction with it in an entirely non-linear manner, reconstructing the lives and actions of those who resisted the regime.

Hydrothermal explosions are a significant geological hazard in some active volcanic systems; however, the timing and triggering mechanisms of these explosions are poorly constrained. This study applies luminescence dating techniques to hydrothermal explosion deposits in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field to constrain explosion chronologies and evaluate potential triggering mechanisms. We tested four luminescence dating techniques: K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR225), quartz blue light optically stimulated luminescence (BLOSL), quartz blue thermoluminescence (BTL), and quartz red thermoluminescence (RTL). The pIRIR225 and RTL protocols produce consistent age estimates that agree with independent radiocarbon ages and with the timing of the Pinedale deglaciation. This study focuses on two craters, Mary Bay, along the northern shore of Yellowstone Lake, and Pocket Basin in Lower Geyser Basin. The mean pIRIR225 ages from Mary Bay deposits (11.99 ± 0.68 ka) agree with previous radiocarbon constraints. The mean pIRIR225 results from Pocket Basin deposits (13.44 ± 1.06 ka) suggest a history of explosion following Pinedale deglaciation, followed by recent hydrothermal alteration. Luminescence dating techniques are a promising tool for reconstructing the timing of hydrothermal explosions in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, helping to constrain recurrence intervals of the largest hydrothermal systems, informing risk, and improving hazard assessments.