In this paper, I argue that there is an inconsistency between the content of some of the labour-related human rights articulated in documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the obligations ascribed to various actors regarding those rights in the United Nations (UN) Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), in particular those ascribed to corporations. Recognizing the inconsistency, I claim, can help us see some of the moral limitations of both familiar public responses to exploitative labour practices and influential philosophical accounts of the wrong of exploitation. In light of these limitations, I argue that there are reasons to accept a more expansive account of the human rights-related obligations of corporations than that found in the UNGPs, and in particular that we should accept that corporations have obligations to actively contribute to lifting people out of poverty.

In considering Huo Tao’s Family Admonitions, a text included in a lineage genealogy of the early sixteenth century, this article investigates its five constituent logics (Confucian propriety, bureaucratic division of responsibility, subsistence agriculture, wealth creation, and punitive patriarchy). It explains what sorts of expert abilities Huo considered necessary and what relations of authority (defined as power over others that they accept) those abilities entailed. Huo’s plan relies not only on the expertise of lineage members, but also on the abilities of hired workers and bondservants/slaves who held their positions for a long time. Their positions gave them authority in the workspace over the lineage members who outranked them legally, calling into question the utility of simple categories of “social status.” Because the text was later copied repeatedly into other lineages’ compilations, Huo’s plan must have made sense to Ming and Qing lineage leaders, so it may illuminate how they constructed relations of authority and social status.

In 1775, during the process of collecting books for the Siku quanshu project, an empire-wide literary inquisition was imposed on the deceased monk Jinshi Dangui (1614–80). As the curious case of censorship developed, the trials not only diminished a major Cantonese monastic community and an old bannermen family but also inspired several imperially commissioned historiographical projects. Exploring the historical significance of the Dangui case at the nexus of early Qing Buddhist networks, Qing imperial control, and the politics of historical memory, this study unravels a multi-layered story of the posthumous censorship of Monk Dangui. It cross-examines a broad range of sources including imperial archives, gazetteers, biji, personal records, and literary anthologies to reconstruct a remarkable moment in High Qing censorship and to present a history of a displaced Buddhist community during the Ming–Qing transition; both became obscured after the Qianlong reconstruction of the imperial order.

Fasciolosis, caused by the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, is a zoonotic parasitic disease associated with substantial economic losses in livestock. The transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathway is implicated in developmental processes and biological functions throughout the animal kingdom, including the Fasciola spp. It may also mediate host–helminth interactions during infection. In this work, we present an exploration of FgSmad4, the sole member of the Co-Smad protein family in F. gigantica. The isolated FgSmad4 cDNA was 4,014 bp in length encoding for a protein comprising 771 amino acids. FgSmad4 exhibited typical Co-Smad protein features, including Mad Homology 1 (MH1) and Mad Homology 2 (MH2) domains, a Nuclear Localisation Signal, a DNA-Binding Motif, and a Nuclear Export Signal. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of FgSmad4 revealed that its MH1 and MH2 sequences are most similar to those of other trematode species. The MH1 domain, in particular, closely resembles the Co-Smad protein in mammalian hosts more than those in cestodes and nematodes. The expression patterns of FgSmad4 during the liver fluke’s developmental stages showed significant variation. Transcript levels were highest at the newly excysted juvenile stage, followed by unembryonated egg, redia, and metacercaria, with the lowest expression in the adult fluke, embryonated egg, and cercaria stages. Our results underscore the conservation and suggest the potential role of FgSmad4, a key transforming growth factor-beta signalling molecule within the liver fluke F. gigantica. As Co-Smad is typically involved in several biological pathways, the precise functions and mechanisms of this identified FgSmad4 necessitate further exploration.

Metabolic dysfunction has been long associated with severe mental illness (SMI), often viewed as a comorbidity to be managed. However, emerging evidence suggests that metabolic dysfunction, particularly at the mitochondrial level, may be a foundational element in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. This commentary expands on the current understanding by exploring the brain energy theory of mental illness, which posits that mitochondrial dysfunction is central to both metabolic and psychiatric conditions. The roles of insulin resistance, chronic stress and environmental factors are highlighted as shared biopsychosocial determinants that contribute to deterioration in both metabolic and mental health. The therapeutic potential of the ketogenic diet is discussed, particularly its ability to improve mitochondrial function and alleviate psychiatric symptoms. This shift in perspective, from viewing metabolic dysfunction as a secondary concern to recognising it as a root cause of SMI, has significant implications for clinical practice and research. By focusing on bioenergetic deficits and mitochondrial health, psychiatry may advance towards more effective, integrated treatment approaches that target the underlying cellular dysfunctions driving both metabolic and mental illnesses.

This article explores Vietnam’s distinctive approach to data privacy regulation and its implications for the established understandings of privacy law. While global data privacy regulations are premised on individual freedom and integrity of information flows, the recent Vietnamese Decree 13/2023/NĐ-CP on Personal Data Protection (herein PDPD) prioritise state oversight and centralised control over information flows to safeguard collective interests and cyberspace security. The fresh regulatory logic puts data privacy under the regulation of government agencies and moves the privacy law arena even further away from the already distant judicial power. This prompts an exploration of the nuances underlying the ways regulators and the regulated communities understand data privacy regulation. The article draws on social constructionist accounts of regulation and discourse analysis to explore the epistemic interaction between regulators and those subject to regulation during the PDPD’s drafting period. The process is highlighted by the dynamics between actors within a complex semantic network established by the state’s policy initiatives, where tacit assumptions and normative beliefs direct the way actors in various communities favour one type of thinking about data privacy regulation over another. The findings suggest that reforms to privacy laws may not result in “more privacy” to individuals and that divergences in global privacy regulation may not be easily explained by drawing merely from cultural and institutional variances.

Let $f^{(r)}(n;s,k)$ denote the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex r-uniform hypergraph containing no subgraph with k edges and at most s vertices. Brown, Erdős, and Sós [New directions in the theory of graphs (Proc. Third Ann Arbor Conf., Univ. Michigan 1971), pp. 53–63, Academic Press 1973] conjectured that the limit $\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }n^{-2}f^{(3)}(n;k+2,k)$ exists for all k. The value of the limit was previously determined for $k=2$ in the original paper of Brown, Erdős, and Sós, for $k=3$ by Glock [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc., 51 (2019) 230–236] and for $k=4$ by Glock, Joos, Kim, Kühn, Lichev, and Pikhurko [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., Series B, 11 (2024) 173–186] while Delcourt and Postle [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 152 (2024), 1881–1891] proved the conjecture (without determining the limiting value).

In this article, we determine the value of the limit in the Brown–Erdős–Sós problem for $k\in \{5,6,7\}$. More generally, we obtain the value of $\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }n^{-2}f^{(r)}(n;rk-2k+2,k)$ for all $r\geqslant 3$ and $k\in \{5,6,7\}$. In addition, by combining these new values with recent results of Bennett, Cushman, and Dudek [arxiv:2309.00182, 2023] we obtain new asymptotic values for several generalized Ramsey numbers.

We show the existence of transcendental entire functions $f: \mathbb {C} \rightarrow \mathbb {C}$ with Hausdorff-dimension $1$ Julia sets, such that every Fatou component of f has infinite inner connectivity. We also show that there exist singleton complementary components of any Fatou component of f, answering a question of Rippon and Stallard [Eremenko points and the structure of the escaping set. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 372(5) (2019), 3083–3111]. Our proof relies on a quasiconformal-surgery approach developed by Burkart and Lazebnik [Interpolation of power mappings. Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 39(3) (2023), 1181–1200].

This article primarily concentrates on the theoretical and intellectual dimensions of nature cure, particularly efforts to revive it during the second half of the nineteenth century. Little is known about specific medical professionals or theories concerning the Victorian philosophy of nature cure, although this philosophy is mentioned in general terms in studies on alternative medicine and hygiene. This article illuminates a Victorian nature cure philosophy through the works of Edward W. Lane (1823–1889). As a physician and hydropathist, Lane aspired to create a new form of medical system, ‘hygienic medicine’, seeking answers to the questions ‘What is disease?’ and ‘What is medicine?’ throughout his career. Lane was among many physicians interested in nature’s healing power during his time. However, few undertook as thorough a theorisation of nature cure philosophy as Lane did in the latter half of the nineteenth century, a period that presented unprecedented challenges in reconciling medicine with nature. This study explores the subtle nuances of the concepts that Lane actively used in his theoretical explanations, including ‘nature’, ‘laws of health’ and ‘vital force’, interpreting his efforts as a reconciliation between Romantic naturalism and laboratory medicine. The aim of this study is not to re-evaluate the significance of Lane’s medical theory itself. It rather uses Lane as a lens to reveal the intricacies of Victorian nature cure philosophy.

We combine methods from microlocal analysis and dimension theory to study resonances with largest real part for an Anosov flow with smooth real valued potential. We show that the resonant states are closely related to special systems of measures supported on the stable manifolds introduced by Climenhaga [SRB and equilibrium measures via dimension theory. A Vision for Dynamics in the 21st Century: The Legacy of Anatole Katok. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2024, pp. 94–138]. As a result, we relate the presence of the resonances on the critical axis to mixing properties of the flow with respect to certain equilibrium measures and show that these equilibrium measures can be reconstructed from the spectral theory of the Anosov flow.

Algorithmic human resource management (AHRM), the automation or augmentation of human resources-related decision-making with the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled algorithms, can increase recruitment efficiency but also lead to discriminatory results and systematic disadvantages for marginalized groups in society. In this paper, we address the issue of equal treatment of workers and their fundamental rights when dealing with these AI recruitment systems. We analyse how and to what extent algorithmic biases can manifest and investigate how they affect workers’ fundamental rights, specifically (1) the right to equality, equity, and non-discrimination; (2) the right to privacy; and, finally, (3) the right to work. We recommend crucial ethical safeguards to support these fundamental rights and advance forms of responsible AI governance in HR-related decisions and activities.