Meteotsunamis—tsunami-like sea level oscillations generated by atmospheric disturbances—pose underestimated risks to coastal regions worldwide. Despite growing evidence of their frequency and impact, limited offshore observations and forecasting capabilities hinder effective monitoring and early detection. Here, we present a data-driven framework for identifying and characterizing meteotsunami dynamics using sparse observational data. Leveraging dynamic mode decomposition and clustering techniques, we extract dominant spatiotemporal patterns and optimize the placement of offshore monitoring stations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach using high-resolution simulations of the 2022 Ireland meteotsunami, a well-documented event exhibiting clear atmospheric forcing and sea-level response. Our results show that a minimal network of five strategically positioned sensors can accurately capture the essential dynamics of the event. This framework establishes a scalable methodology for designing cost-effective monitoring systems, enhancing our ability to detect and understand meteotsunamis under data-scarce conditions.

The study investigated the effects of the integration of augmented reality (AR) into water resources education on 23 Taiwanese sixth graders’ water and vocabulary knowledge. Based on the descriptive analysis of quantitative data (pre- and posttests on water and vocabulary knowledge) and thematic analysis of qualitative data (interviews, observations, and teaching reflection notes), the study reached the following conclusion. First, the provision of a contextualised scenario through AR helped the students acquire water-resources knowledge. Secondly, the interaction between the user and AR assisted the students in comprehending abstract concepts. Thirdly, 3D virtual objects enhanced the students’ meaningful learning. Moreover, AR video helped the students improve the retention of word meanings.

Robert Frost’s Readers: The Racial Road Not Taken seeks to make “good trouble” by reading our country’s most cherished poem to challenge our country’s most potent shibboleth. “The Road Not Taken” is America’s iconic and most misunderstood poem, and I argue its reception speaks volumes about the current backlash to the Black Lives Matter movement that has resulted in efforts to scrub our troubled racial past from our museums, schools, and public places. I argue that for over a century readers have failed Frost’s chief challenge, which has been to encourage us to think about the speaker’s “nonconformism,” and our own. We have failed because since 1915, the year the poem appeared, most readers have seen fit to define their cherished nonconformism by ignoring the racial segregation and discrimination that has long befouled the nation and continues to plague us. This article chronicles the many historical events since the early twentieth century that might have encouraged readers to connect their free thinking with considerations of race in America, but did not. Instead, generations of scholars, readers, and advertisers have been mum about the poem’s relevance to matters racial.

What is the relationship between political ideology and realism in international relations? This article reconceptualizes the realist relationship with ideology in terms of a recurring experience of ideological exile. Exile was a crucial part of the biographical experience of early realists like Hans Morgenthau and John Herz. I argue that the idea of exile also marked an aspect of their relationship to ideology. Realists often allied themselves with ideological camps, through which they aimed to shape political practice. Yet realists mistrusted ideological utopianisms, and these liaisons often ended badly – in effect driving realists into ideological exile. The resulting exile persona has marked realism durably, recurring among later realists who do not have a biographical experience of exile in the conventional sense. Exile has thus become a persistent, constitutive feature of the intellectual project of realism itself. My argument has ongoing implications for how we understand realism as a political project.

The Dogon in Mali cherish a tradition about a nineteeth-century poet/prophet called Abirè Goro. As a blind singer, he roamed the area of the Bandiagara cliff and composed poems that are still part of the funeral rituals. This string of songs, called baja ni, forms a treasure trove of historical information about the relation between Dogon and Fulbe at the time of the Macina realm. Also, Abirè issued prophecies about the demise of the Fulbe that take on a new relevance in the present Dogon-Fulbe conflict, linking the future of the Dogon to Mande traditions.

The prevalence of false and misleading news has become an issue of great concern in recent years. Academic researchers, policymakers, and social media firms all continue to seek effective solutions to reduce the sharing of misinformation. In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of two policies in particular: competition among media firms and fact-checking of published news articles by independent organizations. We first develop a theoretical model that predicts the effect of each policy and then conduct a behavioral experiment to test those predictions. Our experimental findings indicate that media competition is most effective at nipping misinformation in the bud because media firms spend significantly more resources on improving the accuracy of their news when readers obtain news from multiple sources. We also find that fact-checking improves the overall quality of news available to viewers; however, it does not incentivize firms to improve the accuracy of their own news articles. Last, our results from an interaction treatment suggest that under competition, fact-checking adversely affects firms’ investment in news accuracy.

Direct numerical simulations of turbulence in a flexible pipe with imposed standing-wave vibration are performed to reveal the flow dynamics inside an oscillating pipe. We choose the parameters of standing-wave vibration with small amplitude as the most unstable mode in flow-induced free vibration. The flow is driven under the condition of constant mass flow rate, with the bulk Reynolds number, based on the bulk velocity and pipe diameter, being ${\textit{Re}}_b$ = 5300. In response to the imposed vibration, the evolution of the flow inside manifests obvious space–time-dependent characteristics. Specifically, the streamwise velocity fluctuation is enhanced downstream of the crest – the convex region on the internal pipe wall – an event often accompanied by localised flow separation. Meanwhile, the two other components of velocity fluctuation are augmented downstream of the trough – the concave region of the wall’s sinusoidal undulation. This is attributed to the wall deformation, which forces a redistribution of turbulent kinetic energy among the components. The latter process gives rise to a high-level fluctuation of wall shear stresses, leading to the intermittent variation of the drag force in that region. In addition, secondary flow emerges in the form of a typical counter-rotating vortex pair due to the bending of pipe, with the vortex cores located near the wall. The temporal variation of the magnitude of secondary flow lags slightly behind the pipe vibration and its maximum occurs closer to the node where the pipe displacement is consistently zero. Moreover, the secondary flow intensity increases with the increasing of steepness and a slight drag reduction can be achieved with relatively low-wavenumber vibration.

This article considers the role of the F-scribe of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in relation to charter production and within Christ Church cathedral more generally. I begin by examining a series of writs issued in the names of kings from Edward the Confessor to Henry II. I argue that these originate with the bilingual 1100 issue by Henry I for Archbishop Anselm, with chronologically earlier material confected or adapted to provide missing precedent. Through analysis of unusual features of the language perpetuating through the set, I argue that the F-scribe drafted the Henry I issue himself. I further argue that he was also the compiler of the Anglo-Norman cartulary, and demonstrate that the F-text of the Chronicle was likely completed prior to its making. The cartulary’s unusual focus reflects a concern which aligns with the office of cantor, and adds weight to Peter Baker’s suggestion that the F-scribe acted in that capacity.

The fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty “left behind” the regional states of China’s central plain, creating a situation perhaps unique in history: the near-erasure of a colonizing power while its colonies continued to thrive. That the Western Zhou regime, despite its loose authority in the Guanzhong, can be considered a “colonizing” entity is here argued both in light of archaeological and textual evidence. Over time its destruction became re-imagined as a kind of traumatic inciting incident of the sort that many diasporic groups recall as the cause of their diasporic status. Just as with other diasporic groups, existing traditions and gaps in memory are filled in by re-imagined accounts and moral lessons displaying clear concern for the preservation of identity and discomfort with “outsiders.” This new reading of the Zhou period opens up a new angle by which Warring States texts—especially those including the Confucian canon—must be re-read, explaining such things as Confucian concerns about traditionalism as absolutely understandable given the wider diasporic discourse that emerged in the Eastern Zhou period.

Patterns of social organization and gender differentiation in past societies are difficult to reconstruct from material culture data alone, are prone to modern interpretation biases, and often remain subjects of controversy. An important aspect of social organization is patterns of post-marital residence, for example, matrilocality and patrilocality. To date, archaeological studies have recognised mostly patrilocal societies, with rare contested exceptions that were considered “outliers” to the established rule of patrilocality. The advent of ancient DNA analysis has made it possible to evaluate past social structures from a genetic perspective as well, with the majority of ancient DNA studies identifying patrilocal societies and highlighting genetic patriline connections. Recently, three studies reported genetic evidence for matrilocality and genetic matriline connections across broad geographical and temporal scales. Here, we draw on these three studies to explore past social organisation forms in light of new evidence, and reconsider preconceptions that continue to endure over time.

I argue that Winthrop Pickard Bell’s 1915 prediction that Canada would develop into a nation was accurate by examining two Canadian public figures. First, I examine Bell’s analysis that a nation has its own culture. Second, I analyze Roméo Dallaire’s explanation that his actions in Rwanda were guided by his Canadian background. Third, I turn to Harold R. Johnson who argues that culture is story: we choose which stories to tell about ourselves. I conclude that there is a thread that runs through Bell, Dallaire, and Johnson, a cultural thread about nation, culture, and story.

This paper is an act of remembrance, a testimony to the horrors inflicted on our lives and bodies as women prisoners of Tihar Jail No. 6, Delhi. It documents the struggles for life and survival of fellow women prisoners, and bears witness to the deaths of Fiza and Jesca. Through these experiences, I argue that the measures introduced in the lockdown prison during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic did not merely respond to a public health emergency, but inaugurated a field of penal experimentation that emboldened existing practices of custodial violence and sought to establish a new regime of impunity aligned with Hindutva politics. I demonstrate how isolation cells came to function as de-facto solitary confinement, how the jail manual was effectively suspended, how the right to life was stratified into hierarchies of “deservingness” by High Powered Committees, and how daily prison life was restructured through intensified surveillance.

In this work, the classical Prandtl relation for the skin-friction law of incompressible turbulent channel and pipe flows is generalised to compressible cases. Specifically, based on the law of the wall and asymptotic analysis, a skin-friction transformation is proposed to map the skin-friction law of compressible turbulent channel and pipe flows to the classical Prandtl relation. It has been theoretically proven that the skin-friction coefficient $C_{\!f,i}$ and the bulk Reynolds number $\textit{Re}_{b,i}$ for compressible turbulent channel and pipe flows, where the subscript $i$ denotes the transformed quantity obtained from the proposed skin-friction transformation, adhere to the Prandtl relation, expressed as $\sqrt {2/C_{\!f,i}}\propto \ln (\textit{Re}_{b,i}\sqrt {C_{\!f,i}/2})$. Moreover, it is quantitatively verified that the transformed $C_{\!f,i}$ and $\textit{Re}_{b,i}$, obtained from direct numerical simulations (DNS) of compressible turbulent channel flows with bulk Mach numbers ranging from $0.2$ to $4$, and friction Reynolds numbers from $200$ to $2000$, elegantly collapse into the Prandtl relation for the incompressible skin-friction law. Additionally, the transformed $C_{\!f,i}$ and $\textit{Re}_{b,i}$ from DNS of compressible turbulent pipe flows, with bulk Mach numbers ranging from $1.5$ to $3$, and friction Reynolds numbers from $200$ to $1000$, are also unified with the Prandtl relation for the incompressible skin-friction law.

Puerto Rico has recently emerged as one of the fastest-growing tourist destinations in the Caribbean, a shift accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic and promoted by the local government as a response to prolonged economic crisis, austerity, and socioenvironmental disasters. This article argues that Puerto Rico’s recent expansion of tourism is a legal extension of its offshore financial diversification project. It examines how tax incentives and credits, regulatory waivers, and investment laws, most notably the Puerto Rico Incentives Code (Act 60 of 2019), have integrated tourism and luxury real estate into the archipelago’s broader transformation from a corporate tax haven into an offshore financial center. Drawing on sociolegal and political economy scholarship, the article shows how tourism and offshore finance are legally and institutionally entangled, constituting a colonial offshore economy: a legal–fiscal framework that facilitates capital mobility, regulatory arbitrage, and speculative investment. Empirically, it combines legal analysis with two case studies of luxury tourism megaprojects, Moncayo in Fajardo and Esencia in Cabo Rojo, to demonstrate how the colonial offshore economy materializes through tourism development, restructuring land use, redistributing public resources, and intensifying legally mediated forms of displacement and socioenvironmental harm.