The speed of stock price reaction to news exhibits substantial time variation. Higher risk-bearing capacity of financial intermediaries, lower passive ownership of stocks, and more informative news increase price responses to contemporaneous news; surprisingly, these interaction variables also increase price responses to lagged news (underreaction). A simple model with limited attention and three investor types (institutional, noninstitutional, and passive) predicts the observed variation in news responses. A long–short trading strategy based on news sentiment earns high returns, which increase when conditioning on the interaction variables. The interactions we document are robust to the choice of news source.

We study hermitian operators and isometries on spaces of vector-valued Lipschitz maps with the sum norm. There are two main theorems in this paper. Firstly, we prove that every hermitian operator on $\operatorname {Lip}(X,E)$, where E is a complex Banach space, is a generalized composition operator. Secondly, we give a complete description of unital surjective complex linear isometries on $\operatorname {Lip}(X,\mathcal {A})$, where $\mathcal {A}$ is a unital factor $C^{*}$-algebra. These results improve previous results stated by the author.

We show that for any $\varepsilon \gt 0$ and $\Delta \in \mathbb{N}$, there exists $\alpha \gt 0$ such that for sufficiently large $n$, every $n$-vertex graph $G$ satisfying that $\delta (G)\geq \varepsilon n$ and $e(X, Y)\gt 0$ for every pair of disjoint vertex sets $X, Y\subseteq V(G)$ of size $\alpha n$ contains all spanning trees with maximum degree at most $\Delta$. This strengthens a result of Böttcher, Han, Kohayakawa, Montgomery, Parczyk, and Person.

We introduce and study the model-theoretic notions of absolute connectedness and type-absolute connectedness for groups. We prove that groups of rational points of split semisimple linear groups (that is, Chevalley groups) over arbitrary infinite fields are absolutely connected and characterize connected Lie groups which are type-absolutely connected. We prove that the class of type-absolutely connected group is exactly the class of discretely topologized groups with the trivial Bohr compactification, that is, the class of minimally almost periodic groups.

We introduce a new method of constructing Birkhoff sections for pseudo-Anosov flows, which uses the connection between pseudo-Anosov flows and veering triangulations. This method allows for explicit constructions, as well as control over the Birkhoff section in terms of its Euler characteristic and the complexity of the boundary orbits. In particular, we show that any transitive pseudo-Anosov flow has a Birkhoff section with two boundary components.

Gypsophily, i.e. the relationship between plants and gypsum soils, has been extensively studied only in arid and semi-arid regions, in contrast to tropical areas, where gypsum outcrops act as refugia for xerothermophilic species and endemic flora. We focused on gypsophile flora in Campeche, Mexico on the Zoh-Laguna Plateau. Using a combination of remote sensing, literature review, and herbarium databases, we identified 14 potential gypsum outcrops and compiled a list of vascular plant species with the potential to grow in gypsum soils in Campeche (151 total species: three probable gypsophiles and endemic to YP, 148 gypsovags). Nine of the 14 potential gypsum outcrops remain unexplored botanically, and 18 species in the final checklist were not previously reported to have an affinity for gypsum soils. This study is the first to confirm the presence of gypsum and report its concentration in the evaluated soils; gypsum content in the soils reached 51%, much higher than the commonly accepted 25%. Our results on gypsum soils and associated vegetation confirm the need for more extensive gypsophily studies in tropical zones.

We study systems of two-tangle equations

$$ \begin{align*}\begin{cases} N(X+T_1)=L_1,\\ N(X+T_2)=L_2, \end{cases}\end{align*} $$

We show that every system of framed tangle equations has at most one-framed rational solution. Furthermore, we show that the Jones unknot conjecture implies that if a system of tangle equations has a rational solution, then that solution is unique among all two-tangles. This result potentially opens a door to a purely topological disproof of the Jones unknot conjecture.

We introduce the notion of the Kauffman bracket ratio $\{T\}_q\in \mathbb Q(q)$ of any two-tangle T and we conjecture that for $q=1$ it is the slope of meridionally incompressible surfaces in $D^3-T$. We prove that conjecture for algebraic T. We also prove that for rational T, the brackets $\{T\}_q$ coincide with the q-rationals of Morier-Genoud and Ovsienko.

Additionally, we relate systems of tangle equations to the cosmetic surgery conjecture and the nugatory crossing conjecture.

Integrating cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) into primary care for patients with long-terms conditions (LTCs) is a priority for the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK). To inform delivery of cognitive behavioural interventions for this clinical population, the aim of this study was to evaluate the major treatment goal themes of patients with LTCs. A single group mixed-methods design was used to analys treatment goals and their association with patient characteristics. A total of n=222 patients (86 males; 132 females) who participated in a service development evaluation of the Accessible Depression and Anxiety Psychological Therapies for Individuals with Long-Term Conditions in Scotland (UK) were selected for inclusion if they reported at least one treatment goal at assessment. Data were drawn from routine outcome measures that recorded information in relation to client demographics, physical conditions, mental health, functioning and treatment goals. Participants freely reported up to three goals as part of assessment. Thematic analysis identified four major goal themes ranked in the following order of frequency: functioning, emotional health, condition management, and self-appraisal. Wanting to improve functioning was positively associated with age and depression, and negatively associated with anxiety. No other patient characteristics were associated with any of the major themes. Patients with LTCs referred to CBT in primary care can have wide-ranging goals that only partially correspond with their mental health status. Practitioners and service providers need to flexibly deliver CBT to enhance the individual relevance of therapy which is tailored to patient’s goals.

Biological invasions are a threat to protected areas globally; however, the relative lack of studies quantifying the ecological impacts impairs informed decision-making. We selected three annual alien plants, widespread in the riparian habitats of the Kruger National Park, South Africa: Datura innoxia, Parthenium hysterophorus, and Xanthium strumarium, to examine their potential impacts on riparian plant communities. We identified 12–13 populations for each and placed a pair of invaded and uninvaded plots in each population. Species richness, Shannon diversity, and Pielou evenness were compared between the invaded and uninvaded plots using LMM models, and species composition was compared using ordination. The invaded vegetation showed lower species richness compared to the uninvaded, with the strongest effect observed for P. hysterophorus. The invaded plots also showed lower Shannon diversity and Pielou evenness due to the presence of alien dominants. For all three invaders, the invasion resulted in changes in the composition of native vegetation. Some native plants were more frequent and abundant in the invaded vegetation, possibly due to the habitats created in sandy river beds. The native species richness decreased with increasing invader cover, but the species richness of aliens accompanying the invasive dominants was not negatively affected by their cover. Our results confirmed the negative impact of invasive aliens on native plant diversity, with the most pronounced effect by Parthenium hysterophorus invasions.

The rights of people who are marginalised by their sexual orientation and gender identity (LGBTI) have improved in many countries. Largely, these achievements can be traced back to the ‘spiral model’ of factors including transnational mobilisation by the LGBTI rights movement, the actions of a few pioneering governments, and advances in the human rights frameworks of some international organisations (IOs). Yet a rising and increasingly globally connected resistance works against LGBTI rights. It rests predominantly in the hands of a transnational advocacy network (TAN) that attempts to lay claim to international human rights law by reinterpreting it. Drawing on a decade of fieldwork and 240 interviews with LGBTI, anti-LGBTI, and state and IO actors, this article explores how the conservative TAN functions, in terms of who comprises it and how its agenda is constructed. We argue that this TAN has employed many of the same transnational tools that garnered LGBTIQ people their widespread recognition. It also conforms to the spiral model of rights diffusion, but in a process we call a double helix. As the double-helix metaphor suggests, rival TANs have a reciprocal relationship, having to navigate each other’s presence in an interactive space and thus using related strategies and instruments for mutually exclusive ends.

We examine how broad changes in work arrangements and lifestyles brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic have affected households’ location decisions. Using data on over 360,000 residential, interstate moves over the last 5 years, we find that more than 12% of moves were directly influenced by the pandemic. Among pandemic-influenced movers, over 15% of households cite that remote work influenced their move. Lifestyle-related (job-related) migration increased (decreased) significantly, particularly for the set of households who are likely to have access to remote work. We further find that these changes in migration patterns are positively related to post-pandemic economic growth.

Cette étude a sondé 46 médecins de famille québécois quant à leurs pratiques pour l’évaluation et le dépistage des conducteurs à risque afin 1) de mieux comprendre leur niveau de compétence perçu; 2) de recenser les difficultés rencontrées dans le processus de prise de décision et 3) de documenter leurs besoins et attitudes quant à une collaboration plus étroite avec les ergothérapeutes. Les participants (femmes : 84,8 %; moyenne d’expérience : 15,7 (±12,1) ans) ont répondu à un sondage en ligne de 30 questions. Les résultats de cette étude démontrent que malgré un certain confort à effectuer l’évaluation et le dépistage des conducteurs à risque, les médecins ne se considèrent pas comme les professionnels les mieux qualifiés pour ce faire. Ils reconnaissent également le rôle que jouent les ergothérapeutes dans le dépistage de cette clientèle et l’intervention auprès d’elle. Ils voient ainsi la pertinence d’avoir accès aux services de ces professionnels en soins de première ligne.

Katok [Lyapunov exponents, entropy and periodic points of diffeomorphisms. Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Études Sci. 51 (1980), 137–173] conjectured that every $C^{2}$ diffeomorphism f on a Riemannian manifold has the intermediate entropy property, that is, for any constant $c \in [0, h_{\mathrm {top}}(f))$, there exists an ergodic measure $\mu $ of f satisfying $h_{\mu }(f)=c$. In this paper, we obtain a conditional intermediate metric entropy property and two conditional intermediate Birkhoff average properties for basic sets of flows that characterize the refined roles of ergodic measures in the invariant ones. In this process, we establish a ‘multi-horseshoe’ entropy-dense property and use it to get the goal combined with conditional variational principles. We also obtain the same result for singular hyperbolic attractors.