While research on leadership and employee physical ill-being is burgeoning, the short- and long-term mechanisms through which leadership influences employee physical ill-being remain underexplored. This research, grounded in leadership theories and the Job Demand-Resource (JD-R) theory, examines how transformational and abusive leadership behaviors influence employee physical ill-being through two conflict-related negative motivational mechanisms (negative work–home interactions and job role conflict) and two negative affective mechanisms representing short-term (negative affect) and long-term (burnout) mechanisms. Employing a three-wave longitudinal design over 6 months (N = 234), our findings from a multilevel path analysis revealed that transformational and abusive leadership had respectful, negative and positive effects on employee physical ill-being via conflict-related negative motivational mechanisms and short- and long-term affective mechanisms. Notably, the influence of leadership behaviors on employee physical ill-being was more pronounced through the short-term affective mechanism (negative affect) than the long-term affective mechanism (burnout). Our findings provide a nuanced understanding of how leadership behaviors affect employee physical ill-being over time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay of motivational and affective pathways in this relationship.

In 1120 Notre Dame of Paris received a fragment of the True Cross from a former canon, Ansel, who had joined the First Crusade and become cantor of the Holy Sepulchre. The history of the relic was sought out, documented, inserted into the liturgy and in time revised according to political and cultural developments. This article reconstructs the story of the relic's arrival in Paris, and the way in which, through the successive narratives attached to it, it slowly gained and grew in meaning, giving definition to the Church of Paris and ultimately to the kingdom of France.

Consider nested subdivisions of a bounded real set into intervals defining the digits $X_1,X_2,\ldots$ of a random variable X with a probability density function f. If f is almost everywhere lower semi-continuous, there is a non-negative integer-valued random variable N such that the distribution of $R=(X_{N+1},X_{N+2},\ldots)$ conditioned on $S=(X_1,\ldots,X_N)$ does not depend on f. If also the lengths of the intervals exhibit a Markovian structure, $R\mid S$ becomes a Markov chain of a certain order $s\ge0$. If $s=0$ then $X_{N+1},X_{N+2},\ldots$ are independent and identically distributed with a known distribution. When $s>0$ and the Markov chain is uniformly geometric ergodic, there is a random time M such that the chain after time $\max\{N,s\}+M-s$ is stationary and M follows a simple known distribution.

Using Alabama as a case study of the beauty industry, this paper will demonstrate how licensing laws and regulations affected barbers and beauticians as they struggled to gain more clientele than their competitors. In the early twentieth century, white men dominated the market for cutting hair. Though the process started mid-century, by 1980, that relationship was inverted as women found themselves far outnumbering men. This research helps explain the gendered inversion of labor market trends while providing more general insights into the role of licensing laws in labor markets. Importantly, this work explores how race shaped labor market regulations, which affected and continue to affect labor markets and individual businesses in important ways.

The goal of this paper is to explain the multivariate causes of this important labor market reversal using an analysis of race, gender, and political economy. It will argue that the advocacy for restrictive licensing laws and regulations, the failure to innovate and adapt to new styles in hair, and the racial and gendered makeup of the Barbers, Beauticians, and Allied Industries (BBAI) led to the ultimate failure of the union and the overall decrease in barbers during the latter half of the twentieth century. On the other hand, the degree to which black women were represented on licensing boards and played a role in the unique structure of cosmetology groups and unions led and contributed to the proliferation of cosmetologists during the same period.

How do race, ethnicity, and gender shape a legislator’s approach to bill sponsorship and cosponsorship? This paper examines how institutional marginalization influences the legislative strategies of racial and gender minority representatives. Constrained by systemic barriers that limit their ability to sponsor legislation, minority legislators prioritize cosponsorship to achieve policy goals, build coalitions, and demonstrate responsiveness to their constituencies. Using the quasi-experimental context of the 2016 and 2018 U.S. congressional elections, I apply the synthetic difference-in-differences estimator and find that minority legislators sponsor fewer bills but cosponsor significantly more than their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Additionally, race-gendered effects reveal that women of color sponsor significantly less legislation than non-minority legislators and men of color. These patterns cannot be explained by factors like freshman status or primary election competitiveness. The findings highlight the strategic adaptations of minority legislators to navigate structural inequities and amplify their legislative influence. This study is the first to use a causal inference approach to explore the intersection of race, gender, and sponsorship and cosponsorship of congressional bills, contributing to a deeper understanding of legislative behavior among marginalized groups.

In this article, we deal with non-existence results, i.e., Liouville type results, for positive radial solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations with weights both in the entire $\mathbb R^N$ and in a ball, in the latter case under Dirichlet boundary conditions. The presence of weights, possibly singular or degenerate, makes the study fairly delicate. The proofs use a Pohozaev type identity combined with an accurate qualitative analysis of solutions. In the last part of the article, a non-existence theorem is proved for a Dirichlet problem with a convection term.

This research note presents the results of audit studies that were conducted with the constituency offices of provincial and federal elected representatives across Canada. We investigate whether individuals from ethnic minority groups, the LGBTQ+ community and French or English speakers are discriminated against when contacting their constituency office for administrative services. Survey experiments administered to both candidates of the 2021 Canadian election and a representative sample of Canadian citizens complement these studies. Our results indicate the absence of discrimination towards constituents from an ethnic minority or who identify with the LGBTQ+ community. We found, however, that emails sent in French were less likely to be answered by Members of Parliament (MPs) than those sent in English. Constituency offices of anglophone MPs and those representing ridings with a small proportion of francophones were significantly less likely to respond to French emails. A similar pattern, albeit more moderate, is observed among constituency offices of francophone MPs in response to English emails. The survey experiments show similar discrimination from citizens but less so from candidates.

This article discusses Ovid’s allusive engagement in Tr. 1.2.75–80 with his own earlier works, as well as with the works of his elegiac predecessors—Propertius and Tibullus—and of Catullus. It is argued that this suggestive intertextuality may point toward Ovid’s re-articulation of his conceptualization of elegy as it is now to be written from exile.

The concept of grafting—described by Gal (2018) as the use of authoritative discourses in distinct, inapposite arenas—is a significant contribution to understanding how individual speech events contribute to processes of enregisterment. While scholars thus far have concentrated on graftings in written and non-interactive texts, this focus occludes the emergent particulars of graftings as they are produced extemporaneously, within local contexts. In this analysis, I examine graftings in public comments during American public school board meetings held from March 2021 through January 2022, a period marked by contentious debates. A sequential analysis of graftings preceded by constructed dialogue contributes a novel view of graftings as interactional achievements. Their citation of prior talk within local contexts not only constructs sequences but also emphasizes that their authority is constructed locally. This analysis therefore expands our understanding of graftings as emergent interactional devices, used within the immediacy of ongoing discourse. (Interdiscursivity, intertextuality, constructed dialogue, reported speech, discourse analysis, sequential analysis, school board meetings)*

The association between salt and salted food consumption and oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal cancers remains inconclusive. To address this, we conducted a large-scale nationwide cohort study in Japan, a region globally recognised for its high-salt consumption. In a baseline survey conducted from 1988 to 1990, salt consumption was evaluated using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire in a sample of 42,535 participants aged 40–79 years. Over a median 14.4-year follow-up period, 145 incident cases of oral (n=43), pharyngeal (n=17), and oesophageal (n=85) cancers were observed. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and fruit and vegetable consumption. High-salt consumption was associated with a higher risk of oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal cancers combined; the multivariable HR for the highest versus lowest tertiles of salt consumption was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.08–2.61, P-trend = 0.01). An excess risk was primarily observed for oral and oesophageal cancers. Among the salt sources, miso soup consumption was positively associated with the combined risk of oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal cancers; however, the consumption of other high-salt foods was not. In conclusion, high-salt consumption was associated with a higher combined risk of oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal cancers.