It is possible, by a different approach leading to a structure theorem for the left ideal κ, to prove the main result of the preceding paper more simply and at the same time relaxing the conditions considerably. In particular we may drop the stipulation that σ be separable and metric and one of the conditions (A) or (B) and replace the other by one of the weaker conditions (A′) or (B′) below: .

Let {xt} (t = 0, ±1, ±2 …) be a stationary non-deterministic time series with E(x2t) < ∞, E(xt) = 0, and let its spectrum be continuous (strictly absolutely continuous) so that the spectral distribution function is the spectral density function. It is well known that {xt} then has a unique one-sided movingaverage representation where .

In [1] the concept of completeness of a functor was introduced and, in the cse of additive * categories and and an additive functor T: → , a criterion for T (supposed surjective) to be complete was given in terms of the kernel of T: this was that for each object A of the ideal A should be containded in the (Jacobson) radical of A. (The meaning of this notation and nomemclature is recalled in § 2 below). The question arises whether in any additive category there is a greatest ideal with this property, so that the canonical functor T: → / is in some sense the coarsest that faithfully represents the objects (but not the maps) of .

An integral on a locally compact Hausdorff semigroup ς is a non-trivial, positive, linear functional μ on the space of continuous real-valued functions on ς with compact supports. If ς has the property: (A) for each pair of compact sets C, D of S, the set is compact; then, whenever and a ∈ S, the function fa defined by is also in . An integral μ on a locally compact semigroup S with the property (A) is said to be right invariant if for all j ∈ and all a ∈ S.

In this note we answer the following question: Given C(X) the latticeordered ring of real continuous functions on the compact Hausdorff space X and T an averaging operator on C(X), under what circumstances can X be decomposed into a topological product such that supports a measure m and Tf = h where By an averaging operator we mean a linear transformation T on C(X) such that: 1. T is positive, that is, if f>0 (f(x) ≧ 0 for all x ∈ and f(x) > 0 for some a ∈ X), then Tf>0. 2. T(fTg) = (Tf)(Tg). 3. T l = 1 where l(x) = 1 for all x ∈ X.

Green's theorem, for line integrals in the plane, is well known, but proofs of it are often complicated. Verblunsky [1] and Potts [2] have given elegant proofs, which depend on a lemma on the decomposition of the interior of a closed rectifiable Jordan curve into a finite collection of subregions of arbitrarily small diameter. The following proof, for the case of Riemann integration, avoids this requirement by making a construction closely analogous to Goursat's proof of Cauchy's theorem. The integrability of Qx—Py is assumed, where P(x, y) and Q(x, y) are the functions involved, but not the integrability of the individual partial derivatives Qx, and py this latter assumption being made by other authors. However, P and Q are assumed differentiable, at points interior to the curve.

The generalised factorial function (z; K)! has been defined by Smith White and Buchwald [1] in terms of an infinite product which converges very slowly, about 105 terms being required for four figure accuracy if |z| = 10. A method is given for the computation of (z; k)! for 0 < |z|≦ 10 to four figure accuracy.

The definitions of the functions used to described Doppler broadened Breit Wigner contours are extended to the complex domain. The properties of the analytic functions are then used to evaluate a number of integrals by the theory of residues.

A generalised factorial function (z: k)! is defined as an infinite product similar to the Euler product for z!, but with the sequences of integers replaced by the roots of F(z) = sin πz+kπz. It is proved that, apart from poles in (z) < 0, (z: k)! is analytic in both variables, and that F(z) may be expressed in the form F(z) = πz/(z: k)!(—z: k)!

Let h (m, n) = αm2 + 2δmn + βn2 be a positive definite quadratic form with determinant αβ–δ2 = 1. It may be put in the shape

with y > 0. We write (for s > 1)

The function Zn(s) may be analytically continued over the whole s-plane. Its only singularity is a simple pole with residue π at s = 1.

We begin this paper by considering a Boolean algebra as a lattice which is relatively pseudo-complemented (i.e., residuated with respect to intersection) and give, in this case, certain properties of the equivalences of types A, B and F(as introduced by Molinaro [1]). We then show how these results carry over to the case of Boolean matrices, which form a Boolean algebra residuated also with respect to matrix multiplication. Other properties of matrix residuals are established and we conclude with three algebraic characterisations of invertible Boolean matrices.

If the set K of r+1 distinct integers k0, k1 …, kr has the property that the (r+1)r differences ki–kj (0≦i, j≦r, i≠j) are distinct modulo r2+r+1, K is called a perfect difference set modr2+r+1. The existence of perfect difference sets seems intuitively improbable, at any rate for large r, but in 1938 J. Singer [1] proved that, whenever r is a prime power, say r = pn, a perfect difference set mod p2n+pn+1 exists. Since the appearance of Singer's paper several authors have succeeded in showing that for many kinds of number r perfect difference sets mod r2+r+1 do not exist; but it remains an open question whether perfect difference sets exist only when r is a prime power (for a comprehensive survey see [2]).

1. A number of inclusion theorems have been given in connection with methods of summation which include the Riesz method (R, λ, κ). Lorentz [4, Theorem 10] gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a sequence to sequence regular matrix A = (an, v) to be such that A ⊃ (R, λ, 1)†. He imposes restrictions on the sequence { λn}, so that A does not include all Riesz methods of order 1. In Theorem 1 below, we generalize the Lorentz theorem by giving a condition without restriction on λn, If the matrix A is a series to sequence or series to function regular matrix, there do not appear to be any results concerning the general inclusion

A ⊃ (R, λ, κ).

However, when A is the Riemann method (ℜ, λ, μ), Russell [7], generalizing earlier results, has given sufficient conditions for (ℜ, λ, μ) ⊃ (R, λ, κ). Our Theorem 2 gives necessary and sufficient conditions for A ⊃ (R, λ, 1), where A satisfies the condition an, v → 1 (n →co, ν fixed). Thus Theorem 2 applies to any series to sequence regular matrix A. In Theorem 3 we give a further representation for matrices A which include (R, λ, 1), and finally make some remarks on the problem of characterizing matrices which include Riesz methods of any positive order κ.

1. We use Cassels's notation and define h (m, n), Q (m, n), Zh (s), Zh (1) – ZQ (1) and G (x, y) as in [1]. Rankin [5] proved that the Epstein zeta-function Zh (s) satisfies, for s ≧ 1·035, the

THEOREM. For s > 0, Zh (s) — ZQ (s) ≧ 0 with equality if and only ifh is equivalent to Q. Rankin then asked whether the theorem is true for all s > 1. Cassels [1] answered this question in the affirmative and proved further that the theorem is true for all s > 0.

The nature of the eigenvalues of a square quaternion matrix had been considered by Lee [1] and Brenner [2]. In this paper the author gives another elementary proof of the theorems on the eigenvalues of a square quaternion matrix by considering the equation Gy = μȳ, where G is an n x n complex matrix, y is a non-zero vector in Cn, μ is a complex number, and ȳ is the conjugate of y. The author wishes to thank Professor Y. C. Wong for his supervision during the preparation of this paper.

The nth order polylogarithm Lin(z) is defined for |z| ≦ 1 by

([4, p. 169], cf. [2, §1. 11 (14) and § 1. 11. 1]). The definition can be extended to all values of zin the z-plane cut along the real axis from 1 to ∝ by the formula

[2, §1. 11(3)]. Then Lin(z) is regular in the cut plane, and there is a differential recurrence relation [4, p. 169]

It is convenient to extend the sequence Lin(z) backwards in the manner suggested by (2) and define

Then Li1(z)= – log(l–z), and Lin(z) is a rational function of z for n= 0, – 1, – 2,…. Formula (2) now holds for all integers n.

In [2], Tosiro Tsuzzuku gave a proof of the following:

THEOREM. Let G be a doubly transitive permutation group of degree n, let K be any commutative ring with unit element and let p be the natural representation of G by n × n permutation matrices with elements 0, 1 in K. Then ρ is decomposable as a matrix representation over K if and only ifn is an invertible element of K.

For G the symmetric group this result follows from Theorems (2.1) and (4.12) of [1]. The proof given by Tsuzuku is unsatisfactory, although it is perfectly valid when K is a field. The purpose of this note is to give a correct proof of the general case.