We reconcile two classical models of edge dislocations in solids. The first, from the early 1900s, models isolated edge dislocations as line singularities in locally Euclidean manifolds. The second, from the 1950s, models continuously distributed edge dislocations as smooth manifolds endowed with non-symmetric affine connections (equivalently, endowed with torsion fields). In both models, the solid is modelled as a Weitzenböck manifold. We prove, using a weak notion of convergence, that the second model can be obtained rigorously as a homogenization limit of the first model as the density of singular edge dislocation tends to infinity.

Let $M$ be a Fano manifold. We call a Kähler metric ${\it\omega}\in c_{1}(M)$ a Kähler–Ricci soliton if it satisfies the equation $\text{Ric}({\it\omega})-{\it\omega}=L_{V}{\it\omega}$ for some holomorphic vector field $V$ on $M$. It is known that a necessary condition for the existence of Kähler–Ricci solitons is the vanishing of the modified Futaki invariant introduced by Tian and Zhu. In a recent work of Berman and Nyström, it was generalized for (possibly singular) Fano varieties, and the notion of algebrogeometric stability of the pair $(M,V)$ was introduced. In this paper, we propose a method of computing the modified Futaki invariant for Fano complete intersections in projective spaces.

We establish rigidity (or uniqueness) theorems for non-commutative (NC) automorphisms that are natural extensions of classical results of H. Cartan and are improvements of recent results. We apply our results to NC domains consisting of unit balls of rectangular matrices.

The mobility of a Kähler metric is the dimension of the space of metrics with which it is c-projectively equivalent. The mobility is at least two if and only if the Kähler metric admits a nontrivial hamiltonian 2-form. After summarizing this relationship, we present necessary conditions for a Kähler metric to have mobility at least three: its curvature must have nontrivial nullity at every point. Using the local classification of Kähler metrics with hamiltonian 2-forms, we describe explicitly the Kähler metrics with mobility at least three and hence show that the nullity condition on the curvature is also sufficient, up to some degenerate exceptions. In an appendix, we explain how the classification may be related, generically, to the holonomy of a complex cone metric.

Let $G$ be a real reductive group and $Z=G/H$ a unimodular homogeneous $G$ space. The space $Z$ is said to satisfy VAI (vanishing at infinity) if all smooth vectors in the Banach representations $L^{p}(Z)$ vanish at infinity, $1\leqslant p<\infty$ . For $H$ connected we show that $Z$ satisfies VAI if and only if it is of reductive type.

In this paper, we characterise the structure of the eigencone for the Finsler Laplacian corresponding to the first Dirichlet eigenvalue on a compact Finsler manifold with a smooth boundary.

We prove that all convolution products of pairs of continuous orbital measures in rank one, compact symmetric spaces are absolutely continuous and determine which convolution products are in $L^{2}$ (meaning that their density function is in  $L^{2}$ ). We characterise the pairs whose convolution product is either absolutely continuous or in $L^{2}$ in terms of the dimensions of the corresponding double cosets. In particular, we prove that if $G/K$ is not $\text{SU}(2)/\text{SO}(2)$ , then the convolution of any two regular orbital measures is in $L^{2}$ , while in $\text{SU}(2)/\text{SO}(2)$ there are no pairs of orbital measures whose convolution product is in  $L^{2}$ .

We propose and analyze a constrained level-set method for semi-automatic image segmentation. Our level-set model with constraints on the level-set function enables us to specify which parts of the image lie inside respectively outside the segmented objects. Such a-priori information can be expressed in terms of upper and lower constraints prescribed for the level-set function. Constraints have the same conceptual meaning as initial seeds of the popular graph-cuts based methods for image segmentation. A numerical approximation scheme is based on the complementary-finite volumes method combined with the Projected successive over-relaxation method adopted for solving constrained linear complementarity problems. The advantage of the constrained level-set method is demonstrated on several artificial images as well as on cardiac MRI data.

Suppose that $(X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ is a compact Kähler manifold. In the present work we propose a construction for weak geodesic rays in the space of Kähler potentials that is tied together with properties of the class ${\mathcal{E}}(X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ . As an application of our construction, we prove a characterization of ${\mathcal{E}}(X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ in terms of envelopes.

In this paper we study the Lorentzian surfaces with finite type Gauss map in the four-dimensional Minkowski space. First, we obtain the complete classification of minimal surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss map. Then, we get a classification of Lorentzian surfaces with nonzero constant mean curvature and of finite type Gauss map. We also give some explicit examples.

In this paper, we define and study strong right-invariant sub-Riemannian structures on the group of diffeomorphisms of a manifold with bounded geometry. We derive the Hamiltonian geodesic equations for such structures, and we provide examples of normal and of abnormal geodesics in that infinite-dimensional context. The momentum formulation gives a sub-Riemannian version of the Euler–Arnol’d equation. Finally, we establish some approximate and exact reachability properties for diffeomorphisms, and we give some consequences for Moser theorems.

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the curvature behavior of four-dimensional shrinking gradient Ricci solitons. For such a soliton $M$ with bounded scalar curvature $S$, it is shown that the curvature operator $\text{Rm}$ of $M$ satisfies the estimate $|\text{Rm}|\leqslant cS$ for some constant $c$. Moreover, the curvature operator $\text{Rm}$ is asymptotically nonnegative at infinity and admits a lower bound $\text{Rm}\geqslant -c(\ln (r+1))^{-1/4}$, where $r$ is the distance function to a fixed point in $M$. As an application, we prove that if the scalar curvature converges to zero at infinity, then the soliton must be asymptotically conical. As a separate issue, a diameter upper bound for compact shrinking gradient Ricci solitons of arbitrary dimension is derived in terms of the injectivity radius.

The aim of the present paper is the classification of real hypersurfaces M equipped with the condition Al = lA, l = R(., ξ)ξ, restricted in a subspace of the tangent space T p M of M at a point p. This class is large and difficult to classify, therefore a second condition is imposed: (∇ξ l)X = ω(X)ξ + ψ(X)lX, where ω(X), ψ(X) are 1-forms. The last condition is studied for the first time and is much weaker than ∇ξ l = 0 which has been studied so far. The Jacobi Structure Operator satisfying this weaker condition can be called generalized ξ-parallel Jacobi Structure Operator.

In the paper we describe Kahler QCH surfaces. We prove that any Calabi type and orthotoric Kahler surfaces are QCH Kahler surfaces. We also classify locally homogeneous QCH surfaces.

It is known that hypersurfaces in ${\mathbb C}$Pn or ${\mathbb C}$Hn for which the number g of distinct principal curvatures satisfies g ≤ 2, must belong to a standard list of Hopf hypersurfaces with constant principal curvatures, provided that n ≥ 3. In this paper, we construct a two-parameter family of non-Hopf hypersurfaces in ${\mathbb C}$P2 and ${\mathbb C}$H2 with g=2 and show that every non-Hopf hypersurface with g=2 is locally of this form.

For an odd-dimensional oriented hyperbolic manifold with cusps and strongly acyclic coefficient systems, we define the Reidemeister torsion of the Borel–Serre compactification of the manifold using bases of cohomology classes defined via Eisenstein series by the method of Harder. In the main result of this paper we relate this combinatorial torsion to the regularized analytic torsion. Together with results on the asymptotic behaviour of the regularized analytic torsion, established previously, this should have applications to study the growth of torsion in the cohomology of arithmetic groups. Our main result is established via a gluing formula, and here our approach is heavily inspired by a recent paper of Lesch.

We prove ${\it\epsilon}$-closeness of hypersurfaces to a sphere in Euclidean space under the assumption that the traceless second fundamental form is ${\it\delta}$-small compared to the mean curvature. We give the explicit dependence of ${\it\delta}$ on ${\it\epsilon}$ within the class of uniformly convex hypersurfaces with bounded volume.