The developing nations are at a constant threat from a lot of natural and manmade disasters. The developing countries also face similar things, but to their advancement in economic muscle and technology they are always at a better place to combat these. With devastating floods, cyclones, tsunamis, earthquake ravaging India every year there was a need of a dedicated, well trained force which can be mobilised in a moment’s notice. National disaster response fund (NDRF) was hence born. Even the different states have their own force to look after local issues. A part of the budget is allocated to these bodies for smooth function. So we conclude, at the time of crisis countries come together and help each other. NDRF can be a biggest support for the country during the natural disaster if it prepared and maintained properly. planning become your major strength if it does on time and right amount during the natural disaster.

A male infant with fetal hydrops was diagnosed with congenital dilated cardiomyopathy and died at 2 months despite intensive treatment. Trio-exome sequencing identified as de novo FHL2 variant (p.Arg131Cys). He also presented with non-cardiogenic cholestatic liver injury and hyperferritinemia, which may represent novel FHL2-related phenotypes based on supporting evidence from experimental models.

We construct a monoidal version of Lurie’s un/straightening equivalence. In more detail, for any symmetric monoidal $\infty $-category $\mathbf {C}$, we endow the $\infty $-category of coCartesian fibrations over $\mathbf {C}$ with a (naturally defined) symmetric monoidal structure, and prove that it is equivalent the Day convolution monoidal structure on the $\infty $-category of functors from $\mathbf {C}$ to $\mathbf {Cat}_\infty $. In fact, we do this over any $\infty $-operad by categorifying this statement and thereby proving a stronger statement about the functors that assign to an $\infty $-category $\mathbf {C}$ its category of coCartesian fibrations on the one hand, and its category of functors to $\mathbf {Cat}_\infty $ on the other hand.

We present six paediatric patients with unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery in pursuance of rising the clinician’s recognition. Unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery was misdiagnosed in one patient by echocardiography. One patient had corrective surgery of a complete atrioventricular septal defect, and another had a right lobectomy. The remaining patients did not undergo any intervention and were asymptomatic at the end of the study period. Although there is a lack of consensus regarding optimal surgical approach, we opted for a more conservative strategy with good results.

Possession of a chattel is sufficient to create a title to it. This article considers the nature and justification of these titles. It argues that popular justifications of possessory title fall short and offers a more appealing justification. The article then seeks to resolve, in light of that justification, three ongoing doctrinal controversies about a possessory title’s nature: whether it continues to exist after possession of the chattel is lost; whether it is transferable; and whether it includes a right that others not interfere with a possessor’s use of the chattel.

This paper investigates the magnitude and drivers of ethnic and religious disparities in Female Labor Force Participation (FLFP) in Syria. Using census data and the Gelbach decomposition method, the analysis reveals substantial FLFP gaps across groups, reaching up to 18 percentage points. To understand the factors underlying these gaps, the analysis exploits the heterogeneity in economic development, demographic profiles, educational attainment, and geography across towns and villages. The findings indicate that differences in age distribution, income levels, education, and public sector employment shares are the primary contributors to FLFP gaps. While social norms are often considered key determinants of FLFP, their role is assessed using gender parity indices for educational enrollment and attainment but shows little explanatory power for ethnic and religious disparities in FLFP. These results highlight the importance of structural economic and demographic factors over cultural constraints in shaping group differences in FLFP in Syria.

Over the past decade or so, ethical recruitment has become increasingly popular as an aspirational standard for addressing labour violations and human rights issues in the transnational recruitment of migrant workers. While multi-national corporations (MNCs) – both international buyers and their Tier 1 suppliers – have been quick to adopt and codify ethical recruitment principles in their company codes of conduct, the same cannot be said for the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) further down the supply chain. Grounded in a case study of a small packaging company in Penang, Malaysia, this article explores how SMEs navigate their human resources and financial constraints in their attempt to practise ethical recruitment. We conclude with some brief reflections on the role of recruitment agents and the (in)equitable allocation of costs across global supply chains in making ethical recruitment a realistic and achievable goal for SMEs.

This article examines the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s use of international law in its decisions between 2003 and 2023, when it referred to international legal instruments in approximately 10% of its constitutional review cases. However, it has not clearly explained why or how it uses international law. The article develops a typology of the Court’s use of international law, categorising it into four areas: bolstering domestic law, interpreting domestic law, rejecting international law, and misconstruing international law. The Court primarily uses international law to support or confirm domestic constitutional and statutory provisions, especially when they are similar (or universal, as the Court sometimes observes). However, the Court sometimes uses international law to interpret domestic law, and occasionally, it even appears to misconstrue international law to reach a desired outcome. We conclude that, if anything, the Court practices pragmatic dualism, rather than pragmatic monism, as Palguna and Wardana argued in this Journal in 2024.

This paper empirically examines the conflict between official and unofficial law, focusing on cases where discrepancies arise between registered titleholders and owners based on customary rights in Japan’s common forests. In Japan, compliance-oriented legalization has progressed, and recent legal reforms have framed common forests with irregular registrations as “abandoned lands with unknown owners.” Interviews with commoners revealed a weakening confidence in their customary rights, leading to a lack of resistance to demands for registration regularization. However, a nationwide survey of forestry cooperatives showed that common forests are often well-managed due to economies of scale. In practice, legal relationships are frequently established with representatives of commoner groups, bypassing the need to trace all heirs of outdated titleholders, thereby mitigating the tragedy of the anti-commons. However, this practice stems from the high costs of complying with official law and does not signify a revival of customary rights. In fact, forestry cooperatives that placed emphasis on registration were confronted with difficulties in managing common forests.

Using serum biomarkers that reflect fruit and vegetable (FV) intake offers a significant advantage over traditional dietary assessments by providing a more objective, accurate measure, meaningfully minimizing recall bias and misreporting common in self-reported dietary data. This study investigated the relationship between these serum biomarkers and mortality risk using data from 19,168 adults aged 30 and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1988 to 2006. Mortality follow-up was determined by linkage to the National Death Index through December 31, 2019, and diet by 24-h recalls. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality outcomes by tertiles of serum biomarkers of FV intake. Higher serum concentrations of total carotenoids were associated with a reduced risk of all-cause (Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 HR=0.69, 95% CI=0.61-0.78) and cancer mortality (HR=0.53, 95% CI=0.39-0.71). Greater serum concentrations of individual carotenoids, such as α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin, were also linked to lower risks of all-cause and cancer mortality. Higher serum potassium concentrations showed a trend toward an association with a greater risk of all-cause mortality. No significant associations were found between serum vitamin C concentrations and mortality outcomes in the overall analysis; however, in sex-stratified analyses, higher vitamin C concentrations were associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cancer mortality in women. These findings suggest that specific serum biomarkers of FV intake, particularly carotenoids and vitamin C, may serve as indicators of reduced mortality risk.

We construct efficient topological cobordisms between torus links and large connected sums of trefoil knots. As an application, we show that the signature invariant $\sigma_\omega$ at $\omega=\zeta_6$ takes essentially minimal values on torus links among all concordance homomorphisms with the same normalisation on the trefoil knot.