Wheat production is increasingly threatened by high-temperature stress. The Tarai belt of eastern India, a non-traditional wheat-growing region, remains understudied regarding heat stress impacts. This study evaluated five wheat cultivars under late-sowing-induced terminal heat stress (THS) condition, assessing physiological, biochemical, and agronomic traits and their interrelationships. Three late-sowing environments (LSE) were tested: 15-day (LSE-I), 30-day (LSE-II), and 45-day (LSE-III) delay, compared to timely-sown control (NSE). A 15-day delay had minimal impacts, whereas 30- and 45-day delays significantly reduced grain number per ear, ear length, and 1000-grain weight, resulting in 24% and 51% yield losses, respectively. Under LSE-II and LSE-III, substantial increases were recorded in flag leaf catalase (166-214%), peroxidase (191-227%), and proline (88-105%), while membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll index (SPAD) declined by 23-28%, 9-14%, and 7-17%, respectively. Prominent changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, proline, and phenol content were observed between anthesis and the soft-dough stage. Multivariate linear regression models indicated that yield was positively associated with RWC, MSI, SPAD, and canopy temperature, whereas enzymatic and secondary metabolite effects on yield were comparatively less pronounced. Among the cultivars, HD 2967 and K 0370 performed best under late-sown conditions, with HD 2967 showing the highest stability. Overall, the results highlight that sowing before 5 December and selecting suitable cultivars are essential for alleviating THS in the Tarai region of eastern India. RWC, MSI, and SPAD emerge as key physiological traits conferring resilience to THS, warranting their validation across a broader genotypic pool in future studies.

This article examines the negotiation of ethnopolitical categories in wartime Nazi Germany by analyzing Gestapo investigations into accusations of “friendliness to Poland” against German citizens of Polish descent in the industrial Ruhr conurbation. By relying heavily on denunciations and informing, the Gestapo incentivized ordinary Germans in the Ruhr to identify perceived “dangerous outsiders” to the Volksgemeinschaft. Some therefore relied on longstanding anti-Polish tropes to frame accusations in the racial categories of the Nazi state. But while many such accusations alerted the Gestapo’s attention, they frequently masked a pursuit of personal issues and presented officers with significant investigatory difficulties. Unlike the generally brutal treatment of ethnolinguistic minorities in Nazi Germany, Gestapo officers often did not simply employ blanket repression in these cases. They frequently considered accused individuals’ socioeconomic productivity and “commitment” to Germany, characteristics that defendants stressed, thus highlighting the often contingent, unstable process of ethnic boundary formation in Nazi Germany.

Our analysis of 61 versions of the Great Basin (GB) Indigenous oral-history narrative, Theft of Pine Nuts, provides valuable new paleoecological insights into late Pleistocene (LP) and Holocene biogeography of pinyon pine (Pinus monophylla). Pinyon homelands indicated by Indigenous sources were located not only within the current pinyon distribution but also north of the known range, in northern California and Nevada, southern Oregon and Idaho, and western Wyoming. These extramarginal pinyon locations corroborate and expand a Western science hypothesis that proposed LP or Early Holocene refugial populations for pinyon in northern GB that subsequently became extirpated. The narratives also provide new evidence for pre-contact distributions of native mammals in the GB. From analysis of the “ice-barrier” accounts in the Indigenous narratives, we propose parts of this oral-history narrative may have been transmitted since LP times. Whereas most prior efforts have assessed Indigenous oral histories that describe catastrophic geologic events, we document that important ecological dynamics are also embedded in these stories. Our analysis joins other studies in recognizing that oral-history narratives can contain reliable eyewitness observations that are useful for reconstructing paleoenvironmental events and conditions.

Cardiac MRI confirmed ventricular dysfunction identified by echocardiography and additionally detected myocardial oedema and fibrosis in some paediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, and mixed connective tissue disease. These findings were followed by changes in immunotherapy in 3 of 11 patients, supporting the added diagnostic and clinical value of cardiac MRI in managing paediatric patients with rheumatologic disorders.

The design of subnational fiscal frameworks shapes how tax and spending choices affect fiscal sustainability. Using Scotland as a case, we show that its fiscal health depends crucially on how the UK Government manages its own sustainability. National and subnational fiscal sustainability are interconnected. Differences in factors like demographics and health between Scotland and the UK also influence fiscal outcomes. These dynamics must inform any debate on reforming the UK’s fiscal frameworks, especially if further devolution—including to English regions—is pursued.

After introducing the topic of antifascism on the internet and the issues that scientific publications encounter when facing the web, the first part of this contribution in Contexts and Debates examined the first of three digital history projects connected to this topic, the Atlante delle stragi naziste e fasciste. In this following section, the attention is focused on two more publications: IF – Intellettuali in fuga dall’Italia fascista, a project tied to the issue of mobility for people persecuted by the Fascist regime; and Memorie in Cammino, a project that approaches its content and the user’s interaction with it in an entirely non-linear manner, reconstructing the lives and actions of those who resisted the regime.

Hydrothermal explosions are a significant geological hazard in some active volcanic systems; however, the timing and triggering mechanisms of these explosions are poorly constrained. This study applies luminescence dating techniques to hydrothermal explosion deposits in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field to constrain explosion chronologies and evaluate potential triggering mechanisms. We tested four luminescence dating techniques: K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR225), quartz blue light optically stimulated luminescence (BLOSL), quartz blue thermoluminescence (BTL), and quartz red thermoluminescence (RTL). The pIRIR225 and RTL protocols produce consistent age estimates that agree with independent radiocarbon ages and with the timing of the Pinedale deglaciation. This study focuses on two craters, Mary Bay, along the northern shore of Yellowstone Lake, and Pocket Basin in Lower Geyser Basin. The mean pIRIR225 ages from Mary Bay deposits (11.99 ± 0.68 ka) agree with previous radiocarbon constraints. The mean pIRIR225 results from Pocket Basin deposits (13.44 ± 1.06 ka) suggest a history of explosion following Pinedale deglaciation, followed by recent hydrothermal alteration. Luminescence dating techniques are a promising tool for reconstructing the timing of hydrothermal explosions in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, helping to constrain recurrence intervals of the largest hydrothermal systems, informing risk, and improving hazard assessments.

Let M be a smooth manifold with $\dim M\geq 3$ and a base point $x_{0}$. Surgeries along the oriented circle $S^{1}\times \{x_{0}\}$ on the product $S^{1}\times M$ yield two manifolds $\Sigma _{0}M$ and $\Sigma _{1}M$, called the suspensions of M.

These suspension operations play a fundamental role in the construction and classification of smooth manifolds admitting free circle actions. This paper presents corresponding results and supporting evidence.

In this paper, a sliding mode guidance law for impact angle control without violating a seeker’s field-of-view limits is proposed against targets with various motions and unknown acceleration, including stationary, constant-velocity moving and manoeuvring targets. To develop the guidance law, the kinematic conditions for engagement geometry are defined, and the sliding mode control is applied to satisfy the homing constraint and impact angle control. Then, the relation between look angle, the desired line-of-sight angle and desired impact angle is established to guarantee the target in the field of the missile’s view. The stability of the proposed approach is analysed using Lyapunov theory. Furthermore, the look angle is examined to verify the field-of-view constraint, and a capturability analysis is conducted. To evaluate the performance of the proposed law, numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves satisfactory miss distance and impact angle error while adhering to the field-of-view limit.

Media attention to policing has brought a proliferation of narratives seeking to contextualize incidents of police violence. Here, we test whether exposure to such narratives shift Americans’ opinion or behavior. To do so, we first identify and track the media prevalence of two of these narratives: one focused on racial bias in policing and a second focused on the dangers of the profession. Despite the presence of these narratives in media, we find, experimentally, that public opinion about police violence is stable, regardless of the media narrative used. Finally, to better understand these null results, we use a content analysis of open-ended responses to uncover the demographic and ideological characteristics that are most more deterministic of their reactions to police violence. Altogether, these findings indicate attitudes about policing and planned political participation are ossified and unresponsive to media narratives.