Quantum computing is rapidly advancing from a theoretical possibility to a transformative force in financial systems. With its high-dimensional computational capacity, quantum technology is promising for enhancing risk modelling, fraud detection and transaction efficiency. However, it also seriously threatens cryptographic security, regulatory coherence and systemic stability. This paper critically analyses the risks introduced by cryptographically relevant quantum computers and assesses the readiness of legal and institutional frameworks to respond. Focusing on the UK financial regulatory environment, the study proposes a quantum-safe integration roadmap grounded in post-quantum cryptography, adaptive regulatory models and sector-wide governance strategies. The paper argues for anticipatory regulation that embeds enforceable standards and strategic collaboration across public and private stakeholders through an interdisciplinary approach combining legal analysis and financial risk modelling. The UK’s leadership in quantum policy positions it to shape international norms in secure quantum adoption. Finally, the paper offers an analytical framework to ensure that quantum innovation reinforces rather than destabilises data integrity, financial resilience and public trust.

The effect of the bio-inspired leading-edge modifications on the aerodynamic performance of non-slender delta wing models was investigated in a low-speed wind tunnel using force and surface pressure measurements. The measurements were performed at a Reynolds number of $Re = 1 \times {10^5}$ over an angle-of-attack range from $ - 4^\circ $ to $30^\circ $. Seven different sharp-edged delta wing models with a 45-degree sweep angle (${\rm{\varLambda }}$), including a base wing, were used to study the effect of sinusoidal and saw-tooth leading-edge modifications. Sinusoidal leading-edge wing designs were inspired by the leading-edge tubercles of the humpback whale’s pectoral fins. The results indicate that the bio-inspired wing modifications resulted in a delay in the stall angle by 4 degrees, smoother stall characteristics, a higher maximum lift coefficient, and increased post-stall lift. The drag coefficient of the modified wings was observed as higher than that of the base wing model. Regarding the longitudinal static stability, leading-edge modifications decreased the stability of the wing as the angle-of-attack surpassed $\alpha = 17^\circ $.

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) provides an opportunity for AI to operate as a co-ideation partner during the creative processes. However, designers currently lack a comprehensive methodology for engaging in co-ideation with LLMs, and there is a limited framework that describes the process of co-ideation between a designer and ChatGPT. This research thus aimed to explore how LLMs can act as codesigners and influence creative ideation processes of industrial designers and whether the ideation performance of a designer could be improved by employing the proposed framework for co-ideation with custom GPT. A survey was first conducted to detect how LLMs influenced the creative ideation processes of industrial designers and to understand the problems that designers face when using ChatGPT to ideate. Then, a framework which based on mapping content to guide the co-ideation between humans and custom GPT (named as Co-Ideator) was promoted. Finally, a design case study followed by a survey and an interview was conducted to evaluate the ideation performance of the custom GPT and framework compared with traditional ideation methods. Also, the effect of custom GPT on co-ideation was compared with a non-artificial intelligence (AI)-used condition. The findings indicated that if users employed co-ideation with custom GPT, the novelty and quality of ideation outperformed by using traditional ideation.

This is a corrigendum to ‘An uncountable Furstenberg–Zimmer structure theory’ [Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 43(7) (2023), 2404–2436]. We report two issues in that paper. First, Lemma A.5 and Proposition A.6 in the Appendix, which supported a spectral analysis of conditional Hilbert–Schmidt operators, are incorrect. These results were used in the proof of Lemma 4.4, which establishes part of the equivalences in Theorem 4.1. We provide a correction for this issue here. While the proof strategy of Lemma 4.4 remains valid, the details have been revised using known auxiliary results in the non-commutative setting of tracial von Neumann algebras, replacing the faulty arguments from the Appendix. Second, the proof of the implication $\mathrm{(iii)} \Rightarrow \mathrm{(iii)}'$ in Lemma 4.10 is incorrect. We supply a new argument to address this. We also take this opportunity to correct several minor issues that have come to our attention since the paper’s publication. A fully revised version, including these corrections, as well as updated references and some fixed typos, is now available on arXiv.

The informal exit of the United States from the WTO under Trump is the culmination of US frustration with the organization's legislative and judicial rigidity, a frustration that has been building on a bipartisan basis for two decades. The WTO's commitment to a single undertaking, its reliance on consensus-based decision making, and an activist Appellate Body that imposed de facto stare decisis eroded political support for WTO rules in the United States and opened the door for political opportunists to cast them aside. We argue that the original GATT was, on balance, a more flexible and politically savvy bargain despite its imperfections. The 30-year history of the WTO that replaced it suggests the folly of trying to rein in powerful countries with a ‘rules-based’ institution, at least when the rules are unable to adjust to political shocks.

This paper investigates the asymptotic properties of parameter estimation for the Ewens–Pitman partition with parameters $0\lt\alpha\lt1$ and $\theta\gt-\alpha$. Specifically, we show that the maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) of $\alpha$ is $n^{\alpha/2}$-consistent and converges to a variance mixture of normal distributions, where the variance is governed by the Mittag-Leffler distribution. Moreover, we show that a proper normalization involving a random statistic eliminates the randomness in the variance. Building on this result, we construct an approximate confidence interval for $\alpha$. Our proof relies on a stable martingale central limit theorem, which is of independent interest.

This article examines the egalitarian ideas and practices of Gamal al-Banna (1920–2013) during Egypt’s transition from postcolonial socialism to neoliberal Islamic revival. It highlights al-Banna’s efforts to recast egalitarian ideals within both Arab socialist and Islamic frameworks. I argue that during the height of Arab socialism, al-Banna Islamized the egalitarian principles of labor to conform with and popularize salient socialist objectives. As the socialist lexicon ceded to a global trend of neoliberalism, Islam became increasingly intertwined with the formation of an identity-centric Muslim world. Within this transformed sociocultural landscape, al-Banna developed an alternative vision that integrated egalitarian ideals into a liberal Islamic discourse. Through a critical reexamination of al-Banna’s writings and activism, this article uncovers a leftist, egalitarian origin within the broader spectrum of contemporary Islamic revival. I demonstrate that the contracted global perspective—from postcolonial to Muslim worlds—led al-Banna to reconceptualize the nation’s postcoloniality and social progress through a renewed framework of liberal Islam.

In Transparency and Reflection, Matthew Boyle offers a Sartrean account of prereflective self-awareness to explain the essential link between self-consciousness and rationality, moving away from standard Kantian interpretations that he claims presuppose rather than explain this connection. I argue that Boyle’s account provides useful tools for re-interpreting Kant’s claim that the “I think” must accompany all representations as a form of nonpositional consciousness. I also aim to show that Boyle’s model risks fragmenting the unity of the subject across different representational domains, and that Kant’s account (construed as a kind of prereflective consciousness) has the resources to address this challenge.

Structural changes like globalisation and technical change have empowered business actors in global governance. Yet to become leaders of global governance rather than mere participants, business actors need to legitimise themselves as working for the public good rather than for the maximisation of profit alone. This paper argues that business power becomes authority through the gradual diffusion of ideals of global governance that legitimate the leadership of business actors. We use the concepts of cultural capital and symbolic capital developed by Pierre Bourdieu to conceptualise the construction of business authority. However, we also expand on existing Bourdieusian accounts, which focus on authority construction within fields, by showing how business actors leverage globalisation and technical change to frame discourses that construct their authority across fields of governance. To demonstrate this, we focus on the case of the World Economic Forum (WEF), which has accumulated enough cultural capital to deploy two particularly influential discourses – multistakeholderism and the 4th Industrial Revolution. We show that, by making sense of complex situations, these discourses functioned as symbolic capital and legitimised both the WEF’s own authority and that of business actors more broadly.

In early 2023 Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull—also known as Posie Parker—took her “Let Women Speak” tour throughout Australasia. One of those rallies made international headlines due to the attendance of a small group of neo-Nazis (members of the National Socialist Network) who proceeded to perform Nazi salutes on the steps of Parliament House and on the surrounding streets. At that very same rally an academic philosopher, Holly Lawford-Smith, gave a speech in support of gender-critical feminism. This paper is my attempt to make sense of that moment, through critical engagement with Lawford-Smith’s book Gender-Critical Feminism. Since Lawford-Smith positions her book as a philosophical foundation for the gender-critical movement, my primary goal is to show that this philosophical foundation is both metaphysically and politically flawed. My secondary goal is to consider whether, and if so how, enactment of the philosophical views developed in that book would move us closer to the oppressive world neo-Nazis are trying to bring about.

We consider the nonlocal differential equation

\begin{equation*}-A\left(\int_0^1b(1-s)\big(u(s)\big)^{p(s)}\ ds\right)u''(t)=\lambda f\big(t,u(t)\big)\text{, }t\in(0,1),\end{equation*}

which is a one-dimensional Kirchhoff-like equation with a nonlocal convolution coefficient. The novelty of our work involves allowing a variable growth term in the nonlocal coefficient. By relating the variable growth problem to a constant growth problem, we are able to deduce the existence of at least one positive solution to the differential equation when equipped with boundary data. Our methodology relies on topological fixed point theory. Because our results treat both the convex and concave regimes, together with both the variable growth and constant growth regimes, our results provide a unified framework for one-dimensional Kirchhoff-type problems.

This article analyzes the interplay between medicine and politics in East Germany. It analyzes the meetings of the Politburo medical commissions (1958–60) to frame and define the habitus of a generation, the “Tenners” (born 1910–20), which included most of the experts in the Politburo meetings. This generation consisted of politically committed doctors who were also influential medical scholars, many with international reputations. The Politburo meetings revealed major quarrels between these experts and the Party. The communiqué (1960) issued by the Politburo showed a partial victory for the experts, because the Party acknowledged many of their claims, proving that “totalitarian” interpretations do not hold. However, this was not a victory of medicine over politics. The experts formulated their claims by combining medical and political arguments and defended the jurisdiction of their medical expertise over the Party, precisely because they believed it could more decisively contribute to achieving the goals of socialism.

The recognition of the particular in law is crucial, and any good lawyer or judge should be able to correctly establish the potential instantiation of the abstract into the particular. This is the arduous task of the so-called ‘determination’. In his influential new book, Reciprocal Freedom, Ernest Weinrib elucidates the dynamic relationship of transforming the abstract into a determination. As is usual in his writings, Weinrib shows a perceptive, nuanced, and insightful position on the nature of private law. Nevertheless, I maintain that determination can only occur through the application of practical reason—a deliberative process that aligns with the valuable and the good, rather than solely focussing on the right and the dutiful. In grappling with Weinrib’s masterful work, I thus argue that the fundamental premise of his view is ‘the separation of rights and values’, and I aim to debunk this presupposition.

While a substantial amount of evidence exists on factors associated with positive health technology assessment (HTA) outcomes, the evidence on the same regarding rejections is scarce. Using a proprietary dataset of HTA outcomes in seven Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, we empirically examine the factors associated with HTA rejections and study the magnitude of inter-agency differences in technology appraisals. Data were extracted from HTA reports between 2009 and 2020. The primary outcome was the probability of rejection, which was examined with respect to several regulatory, disease-related, evidence (clinical and economic) and unaddressed uncertainty variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Out of N = 1,405 HTA assessments, the rejection rate was 12.9% (n = 181). Significant predictors of HTA rejection were submissions for drugs with cancer or orphan indications (but not both), low quality of evidence and the presence of uncertainties surrounding clinical benefit, cost-effectiveness, and economic model utility inputs. Systematic differences between agencies in their propensity for rejecting the same drugs were revealed, particularly in relation to cancer and rare diseases. Despite the low rejection rate, our findings suggest that it is critical to improve quality of evidence, focus on risk mitigation strategies as a means of reducing the impact of uncertainties and share HTA practices across borders to increase consistency in decision-making.