The current study examined how early smartphone ownership impacts parent-child informant discrepancy of youth internalizing problems during the transition to adolescence. We used four waves of longitudinal data (Years 1–4) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD; Baseline N = 11,878; White = 52.0%, Hispanic = 20.3%, Black = 15.0%, Asian = 2.1%, Other = 10.5%; Female = 47.8%). Across the full sample, significant parent-child informant discrepancy, such that parents underestimated child reports, appeared at Year 2 (Mage = 12.0) and increased across the remainder of the study (b = −0.21, SE = .042, p < .001, 95%CI [−.29, −.23]). Further, multi-group models indicated that significant parent-child informant discrepancy emerged in the years following initial smartphone acquisition, whereas youth who remained non smartphone owners did not demonstrate such a pattern. Moreover, this discrepancy grew with additional years of smartphone ownership. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on adolescent smartphone use and mental health by documenting a novel, longitudinally observed risk to timely parental detection of mental health problems by early smartphone ownership.

An analytical theory is presented for linear, local, short-wavelength instabilities in swirling flows, in which axial shear, differential rotation, radial thermal stratification, viscosity and thermal diffusivity are all taken into account. A geometrical optics approach is applied to the Navier–Stokes equations, coupled with the energy equation, leading to a set of amplitude transport equations. From these, a dispersion relation is derived, capturing two distinct types of instability: a stationary centrifugal instability and an oscillatory, visco-diffusive McIntyre instability. Instability regions corresponding to different axial or azimuthal wavenumbers are found to possess envelopes in the plane of physical parameters, which are explicitly determined using the discriminants of polynomials. As these envelopes are shown to bound the union of instability regions associated with particular wavenumbers, it is concluded that the envelopes correspond to curves of critical values of physical parameters, thereby providing compact, closed-form criteria for the onset of instability. The derived analytical criteria are validated for swirling flows modelled by a cylindrical, differentially rotating annulus with axial flow induced by either a sliding inner cylinder, an axial pressure gradient or a radial temperature gradient combined with vertical gravity. These criteria unify and extend, to viscous and thermodiffusive differentially heated swirling flows, the Rayleigh criterion for centrifugally driven instabilities, the Ludwieg–Eckhoff–Leibovich–Stewartson criterion for isothermal swirling flows and the Goldreich–Schubert–Fricke criterion for non-isothermal azimuthal flows. Additionally, they predict oscillatory modes in swirling, differentially heated, visco-diffusive flows, thereby generalising the McIntyre instability criterion to these systems.

Designing meaningful reparations for Indigenous communities requires grappling with the enduring effects of historical and contemporary injustices. Despite the existence of international legal frameworks such as the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and International Labour Organization Convention 169, Indigenous peoples around the world continue to experience systemic land dispossession, exclusion from decision making, and environmental harm tied to extractive and infrastructure projects. These harms are often compounded by the lack of formal legal recognition of Indigenous land rights and the failure to uphold principles like Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC). Addressing these realities demands reparative frameworks that go beyond symbolic recognition, offering structural responses grounded in accountability, restitution, and the restoration of Indigenous autonomy over land and resources.

In this essay, we will use the Haiti Cholera case study to explore how the victims and the socioeconomic turns are increasingly pivotal in the field of reparations as part of transitional justice. On December 1, 2016, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon apologized for the cholera epidemic in Haiti, an illness which arrived with Nepalese peacekeepers deployed after the 2010 earthquake. After years of silence and denial from the UN, the UN finally established a “New Approach to Cholera in Haiti,” promising material assistance and support to the victims through a “victim-centered approach.” The essay builds on our previous matrix used to clarify the debate made of two separate dimensions: the focus of reparations—collective versus individual—and the means of reparations—symbolic versus material.1 Based on fieldwork conducted in March 2017 in the communities most affected by the cholera outbreak, we demonstrate how the tensions between reparations offered by the UN (with a preference for collective symbolic reparations) and the reparations demanded by the victims (individual material reparations) can help explain why reparations were not fully (at best) successful in providing justice for the Haiti cholera victims and hopefully inform practice in this area for other UN trust funds and victims’ rights mechanisms. The first section discusses the specifics of the cholera crisis in Haiti and the subsequent Haiti Cholera Claims, including the sudden change of position by the UN in 2016 and the nature of reparations included in the New Approach to Cholera in Haiti. The second section looks at the reparations debate and the preferences expressed by the affected communities in Haiti. The third section puts the Haiti Cholera Claims in perspective, discussing the Kosovo Lead Poisoning case and the Mothers of Srebrenica case, both third party cases involving a UN peacekeeping presence like the Haiti Cholera Claims. Finally, the last section looks at the ramifications of the Haiti Cholera Claims and how reparations debates need to take into account wider structural factors impacting the development of third world countries.

Amid China’s goals to reach peak carbon emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, along with its ecological civilization agenda, the synergy between the digital economy (DE) and environmental quality (EQ) in Chinese cities has become increasingly vital. Using panel data from 285 cities between 2016 and 2021, this study constructs an integrated framework to examine the level of coordinated development between the DE and EQ, measured through the coupling coordination degree (CCD) that captures the strength and harmony of their interaction. It further analyses spatial–temporal heterogeneity and influencing factors. The results reveal: (1) both the DE and EQ have improved steadily, with the CCD rising to a moderate level and showing clear spatial clustering; and (2) economic development, educational investment and industrial upgrading boost the CCD, whereas average years of education and government intervention may hinder it. Additionally, economic development and industrial upgrading have positive spatial spillovers, and a threshold effect of government intervention is observed.

The Journal of Management and Organization (JMO) is celebrating its 30th birthday, which is a significant event given how the journal has shaped and influenced global management research and practice. As part of the commemorative activities this perspective article aims to highlight how the journal has contributed to the development of several sub-management themes. Each theme is analysed in terms of articles published in the journal in terms of establishing existing knowledge then explaining future research ideas. This helps to solidify the journal’s reputation and standing in the field in order to foster more management research that contributes to both theory and practice. Novel social and business approaches to future organizational and manager’s needs are addressed. This will inspire more meaningful management engagement in order to further support the evolution of management research.

This article looks at military history through a social lens, focusing on the identity and experiences of the Irish Catholics recruited for service in the British army during the American Revolution, a conflict which occurred before Catholics were legally permitted to serve, but during which significant numbers were recruited nonetheless. Using Irish Catholic recruitment and subsequent service in the 46th Regiment of Foot as a case study, this article will discuss the integration of this group into a regular regiment on the British establishment, arguing that despite contemporary anxieties to the contrary, the incorporation of Irish Catholics into the British army happened smoothly and without negative impact on regimental cohesion and discipline. They became well-integrated, and while their loyalty to the British state can never be definitively proven, they certainly became effective participants in its army and empire. This provides a compelling viewpoint from which to discuss the integration of ‘others’ into Britishness and the imperial apparatus during this period.

To the extent they consider the matter, tort theorists sometimes assume that the subjects of authority in tort law are the citizens of the state whose tort law applies. This assumption underlies democratic and social contractarian accounts of how to justify the authority of tort law. But as the doctrine of private international law—particularly choice of law—reveals, the subject of tort law is not the citizen, but the generic person; and authority in tort law is not grounded in the state-citizen relationship. Instead, choice of law rules reveal a more complex picture of how tort structures authority. Here, I offer a sketch of an approach that can justify tort law’s authority over persons, not citizens. And I discuss how this analysis may require us to rethink not just the subjects of tort law but also the subject of tort law: the nature of its primary rights and duties.

Formerly colonized peoples and their governments have long sought repatriation of cultural heritage taken under the auspices of colonialism. Increasingly, states and museums are acknowledging ethical obligations to undertake such returns.1 This essay argues that, unless combined with other measures, repatriation represents incomplete reparation of the harms caused by the loss of such heritage. But repatriation alone does serve some reparative function. It can also operate as a necessary initial step enabling further reparative measures. The U.S. Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) illustrates these dynamics.2

Neutron stars emitting continuous gravitational waves may be regarded as gravitational pulsars, in the sense that it could be possible to track the evolution of their rotational period with longbaseline observations of next-generation gravitational wave interferometers. Assuming that the pulsar’s electromagnetic signal is tracked and allows us to monitor the pulsar’s spin evolution, we provide a physical interpretation of the possible observed correlation between this timing solution and its gravitational counterpart, if the system is also detected in gravitational waves. In particular, we show that next-generation detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope, could have the sensitivity to discern different models for the coupling between the superfluid and normal components of the neutron star and constrain the origin of timing noise (whether due to magnetospheric or internal processes). Observational confirmation of one of the proposed scenarios would therefore provide valuable information on the physics of gravitational wave emission from pulsars.

Insect pupae change morphologically (e.g., pigmentation of eyes, wings, setae and legs) during the intrapuparial period. Knowledge on the physiological age of pupae and their emergence are important parameters for the control of agriculturally important Tephritid flies. Traditional methods for determining age require dissecting the puparium, thus killing the specimen. Therefore, non-invasive and more ethical methods to determine physiological age are needed, especially if individual pupae are followed throughout their development. Furthermore, machine learning methods can be employed to detect pupal age, thereby reducing human-bias. Here, we studied the intrapuparial development of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae), using non-invasive near-infrared (NIR, 850–1100 nm) images. We photographed pupae and subsequently analysed the images with machine learning algorithms. The intrapuparial period lasted between 17 and 19 days at a constant temperature of 26°C, and 75–80% relative humidity. No visible structures were observed between days 1 and 3. The phanerocephalic pupa was observed on day 4. The darkening of the eyes began on day 12. Wing pigmentation occurred on days 13 and 14, and the legs and setae on the thorax became melanized on day 15. A convolutional neural network correctly identified the physiological age range of intrapuparial development stages with an average accuracy of 71.77%. This model using NIR imaging allows the determination of a physiological age range without arresting the development of the pupae, and an estimation of the viability of pupae without waiting for the emergence of the adult.

In this paper we theorise climate fiction in the context of Dirrayawadha: Rise Up, by Anita Heiss (2024). Dirrayawadha: Rise Up is a literary novel that narratises historical truths in a dialogic encounter. Through an exploration of love, resilience and resistance, the novel recounts early moments of invasion while simultaneously revealing the links between colonial violence and environmental crisis. We examine four excerpts from the novel to illustrate how the narratisation of historical truths and usage of literary devices and language works. We also show how the translanguaging in the novel, where some sections shift between English and Wiradyuri, enable the text to transcend some of the limitations of English. The novel reveals how the genesis of environmental crisis in so-called Australia begins in the first moments of invasion. Heiss (2022) argues the need for settlers to read more First Nations writing as a form of truth-listening (Kwaymullina, 2020).

Public art is fundamental in the shaping of a city’s identity: in the city of Bologna’s case, this identity is inextricably tied to the Resistance. The presence or absence of women in monumental commemorations, then, becomes a way to either include or exclude them from this shared identity. By centring its analysis on the monuments dedicated to the Resistance’s fallen erected since 1945, this article will utilise the case study of Irma Bandiera to analyse women’s presence within the commemorative topography of the city. Through the study of two monuments, the Monumento Ossario ai Caduti Partigiani and the Memoriale alle 128 partigiane cadute, this article will also highlight the role of the local community in the creation of a shared and representative identity.