This exploratory study aimed to empower people with serious mental illness to create and implement supported decision-making plans and study the impact on their decision-making process. We found that study participants were able to: (1) use supported decision-making once empowered to do so; (2) decide when and how to use supported decision-making; and (3) develop individualized decision-making strategies based upon their unique characteristics and situations. The adoption of supported decision-making in clinical practice, research, and policy is essential to ensure the rights and well-being of adults with decisional incapacity. In particular, integrating supported decision-making into clinical research protocols can enhance informed consent processes and promote meaningful participation of individuals with serious mental illness, balancing respect for their autonomy with appropriate protections.

This paper argues that research ethics for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities must attend to the value of non-domination. First, we highlight the role of domination in the history of abusive research practices against individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, practices which directly led to existing protections for this vulnerable population. Second, we argue that existing protections do not adequately safeguard potential participants from domination in decision-making about whether to participate. This is a distinct concern from the well-established criticisms that existing protections may wrongfully exclude potential participants. Finally, we outline and defend an account of supported decision-making grounded in the value of non-domination in order to safeguard potential participants from domination. Our account nonetheless preserves supported decision-making’s possibilities for greater inclusion of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in research participation.

This study treats the selection of land conservation and intensive use model counties as a quasi-natural experiment. Using Chinese county-level panel data, we evaluate the multidimensional impacts of the land conservation and intensive use policy (LCIUP). We find that LCIUP reduced PM2.5 concentrations in counties while simultaneously lowering per capita GDP, exerting a positive effect on environmental quality but a negative inhibitory effect on economic growth, showing a distinct environment–economy asymmetry. LCIUP restricts industrial land supply and curbs the entry of polluting enterprises, but fails to facilitate industrial transformation and upgrading. Counties reliant on secondary industries face significant industrial transformation lock-in challenges, while those with substantial market potential can achieve dual economic and environmental goals. Green finance policies effectively complement LCIUP to promote industrial transformation and upgrading, whereas technological innovation and talent attraction policies currently lack such synergy. Cost–benefit analysis confirms that LCIUP’s marginal environmental benefits outweigh economic losses.

This article investigates whether state efforts to combat violence against women (VAW) shape personally held stigmatizing attitudes toward victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and views of the stigma society attributes to them. Drawing on the policy feedback effect and source cues literature, we argue that credible sources delivering messages about anti-VAW laws can reduce stigmatizing attitudes toward IPV victims and persuade people that society is more welcoming to victims, thereby reducing public stigma. Using survey experiments collected from Mexico and Guatemala, we find that credible sources matter in predicting a host of attitudes related to personally held and public stigma toward victims, but these effects are conditional on gender and hostile sexism. This article demonstrates that even in contexts of impunity, state efforts can positively shape social norms on VAW.

Psittacidae birds are heavily targeted by the illegal pet trade worldwide. Understanding local patterns of such exploitation will help decision-makers elaborate effective conservation strategies. Thus, here we analysed admissions data for 2016–2024 from Brazilian governmental agencies for Tangara Wildlife Rescue Centre in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil to elucidate the patterns of entry of poached Blue-fronted Parrots Amazona aestiva. In addition to Blue-fronted Parrots, six other parrot species also entered the centre. Nevertheless, 78% were Blue-fronted Parrots seized in 95 municipalities distributed across 11 states in Brazil. There are four main categories of arrival at the rescue centre – seizures, voluntary surrender, rescue, and transfers – of which the first two are the most frequent. Mortality rates correlated with rates of arrival from voluntary surrender and seizures. The number of adults entering the centre varied annually, while the number of chicks changed between months, with peak arrivals in October. Species preference seems to drive the parrot trade in the region. Recommendations include implementing environmental education and media campaigns, enhancing inspection efforts, improving data management in rescue centres, and establishing protected areas to reduce the number of poached animals and enhance the effectiveness of the Blue-fronted Parrot reintroduction programme in the region.

The classical Prats problem of flow instability in a horizontal porous channel saturated by a fluid subject to a buoyancy force is reconsidered. In the original formulation, the driving buoyancy force results from thermal diffusion. This study, however, substitutes thermal diffusion with mass diffusion. Furthermore, the usual scheme of mass diffusion is extended to comprehend also the anomalous phenomena of superdiffusion and subdiffusion. Such phenomena are modelled via a time-dependent mass diffusivity which yields a significant change in the formulation of the stability eigenvalue problem. In particular, the ordinary differential equations governing the time evolution of the perturbations acting on the base throughflow become non-autonomous. This makes a significant difference in the discussion of the conditions leading to instability, with a marked effect of the anomaly in the mass diffusion process. The transition from convective to absolute instability for subdiffusion processes is also addressed.