Cloud Computing

With appropriate capacity planning in cloud computing, the large pool of virtualized resources creates an illusion of an infinite source of computing resources. In the preceding chapters, it has been discussed how applications often need to scale to manage the varying workload and how resources are dynamically provisioned in order to meet the needs of scaling in cloud computing. It has also been discussed that horizontal scaling is more prepared for large scale scaling in distributed environment like cloud.

Upon obtaining provisioned or de-provisioned dynamic resources, the horizontal scaling provides elasticity to cloud computing. But, this flexibility comes with lots of implementation complexity. Load balancing is the mechanism through which these features are implemented. Apart from these, as there are multiple resources available to serve a particular type of service request, and in a distributed computing environment it becomes necessary to distribute proportionately those service requests among the available resources so that none of them becomes overloaded and degrades the performance of the entire system. It is the run-time logic or algorithm of distributing the service requests that has to be capable of evenly distributing the workload. This chapter discusses different types of load balancing techniques along with their pros and cons. The possible parameters for consideration while working out load balancing algorithms have also been discussed. A properly-designed workload distribution and balancing architecture reduces resource underutilization, improves the performance of a system and also brings down the cost of computation.

LOAD BALANCING

Load balancing in distributed computing systems is an essential technique to distribute processing and communication activities evenly across the resources in the network so that no single computing resource gets overloaded. Among different exercises, load balancing is especially important for applications which often deal with a large and unpredictable numbers of service requests. Load balancing is a technique that distributes load evenly among multiple computing resources such as processor, memory etc.

Through load balancing, the incoming service requests are distributed among available computing resources. An efficient load balancing mechanism improves average resource utilization rate and therefore enhances the overall performance of a system.