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Chapter 2: Quantum Tools and a First Protocol

Chapter 2: Quantum Tools and a First Protocol

pp. 40-77

Authors

, California Institute of Technology, USA, , Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
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Extract

We study our first cryptographic tasks: secure encryption of a quantum state. We describe the classical one-time pad and present its quantum extension, the quantum one-time pad, which achieves perfectly secure quantum encryption. Before studying this task, we extend the mathematical formalism introduced in Chapter 1 by studying density matrices, general measurements on quantum states, and the partial trace operation.

Keywords

  • Density matrix
  • general measurement
  • partial trace
  • quantum one-time pad

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