Just in the same way as the scattering of 𝛼 particles on nuclei has been fundamental to develop the atomic model, our understanding about the internal structure of the proton has enormously benefited from scattering studies using electrons as probes. In this kind of experiment, we bombard target protons with electrons of generally fixed energy and study the scattered electron properties (its energy and angle) to infer the structure properties of the proton.
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