Recognition, recall, rehearsal and retrieval are important processes in both the acquisition and the use of a language. We will discuss these four processes separately, but they often operate in combination and not always in the sequence we have used. We are using the term “recognition” to refer to an awareness of familiarity when encountering a word, phrase, chunk, sound or structure, either mentally through use of the inner voice, visually when reading or auditorily when listening. By “recall”, we mean consciously accessing records in long-term memory. By “rehearsal”, we mean mental repetition of recalled or retrieved items. And by “retrieval”, we are referring to the subconscious process of bringing back information spontaneously from long-term memory in order to make use of it in acquisition, comprehension or production.
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