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Crisis Resolution Teams (CRTs) are being piloted in Ireland as community-based, intensive, short-term services providing rapid intervention for individuals experiencing acute mental health crises. This perspective highlights a group over-represented in emergency care pathways: autistic adults without intellectual disability. For many autistic adults, crises can emerge from burnout, transition pressures and sensory or communication overload, often presenting with heightened distress or suicidality. In systems with limited onward pathways, brief-episode crisis care can become part of a cycle of repeated contacts, with limited scope to address enduring neurodevelopmental needs. We outline pragmatic adaptations: autism-informed workforce education; proactive crisis and safety planning; clear crisis service boundaries with connected pathways for ongoing support; and cross-sector coordination across health and social services. Embedding lived-experience and data capture in learning-sites can drive improvement. Aligned with the Crisis Resolution Service Model of Care and autism policy, these steps can improve safety, equity and continuity of care.
The nonreligious—atheists, agnostics, and nones—are on track to become America’s largest religious group between 2030 and 2040. The group’s rapid growth is largely attributed to widespread disaffiliation from Christian traditions across racial and ethnic identities. However, a significant portion of the population is now 2nd generation nonreligious, meaning that they not only never identified with a faith tradition but were raised in a nonreligious household by nonreligious parents. A significant body of work in psychology shows differences between those who convert away from religious identification and lifelong nonbelievers across intersecting identities. Yet, no work exists examining how this distinction impacts ideology or political beliefs that affect how voters’ identities interact with political outcomes. This study investigates the ideological and political differences between ex-Christian members of the nonreligious community and lifelong nonbelievers across multiple facets of identity, using data from the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS).
This article explores changes and continuities in the lives and perspectives of Black South Africans at the beginning of the twentieth century, as portrayed in the Setswana-language newspaper Koranta ea Becoana. In studies of African responses to British colonization, scholars have tended to focus on evidence of nascent African nationalism in the English writings of Africans, but Koranta and other vernacular sources indicate that Africans during 1890–1910 were equally concerned with celebrating and preserving their various cultural and political traditions, advocating for a multiethnic liberalism that would not oblige them to choose between becoming either “Black Englishmen” or disenfranchised “Natives.”
This article examines the evolving dynamics of migration control in the European Union, where traditional state borders are being redefined. As governance shifts to private and local actors, healthcare access increasingly serves as a tool of internal bordering, regulating migrant mobility and social rights within different welfare state models. Focusing on the experiences of free-moving EU migrants in Germany, Sweden, and the UK (an EU member at the time of this study), the research shows how healthcare provision selectively includes or excludes migrants. The findings reveal that these bordering strategies vary by welfare state model: the liberal welfare state model, as seen in the UK, aligns more closely with the EU’s ideal of free mobility, while the social-democratic model, exemplified by Sweden, struggles to accommodate this type of mobility, highlighting significant tensions in the EU’s commitment to universal access.
We investigate the occurrence of flow circulation in an open triangular cavity filled with a gas at highly rarefied conditions. The cavity is subject to an external shear flow that is in either the circular or linear direction at its inlet. The problem is studied analytically in the free-molecular limit and numerically based on the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The corner walls are modelled based on the Maxwell boundary condition, as either specular or diffuse. The results are obtained for arbitrary values of the outer flow speed and corner angle. Remarkably, it is found that multiple recirculation zones occupy the corner domain in the absence of molecular interactions. In the specular-corner set-up, such topologies occur at non-large outer-flow speeds and distinct corner-angle intervals of $[\pi /(n+1),\pi /n]$ with $n=3,5,\ldots$. In the diffuse-wall case, the cavity flow field contains two recirculation zones at sufficiently low corner angles for both circular and straight outer flows. With increasing angles, the straight-flow configuration differs, reducing the number of vortices to one and then none. The results are rationalised based on ballistic particle kinematics, suggesting insight into the relation between the microscopic description and the hydrodynamic (observed) generation of circulation. The effects of molecular collisions on the corner flow pattern, as well as more elaborate gas-surface interaction models, are inspected based on DSMC calculations, indicating visible impacts on the macroscopic flow structure at large Knudsen numbers.
The hydrodynamic performance of oscillating elastic plates with tapered and uniform thickness in an incompressible Newtonian fluid at varying Reynolds numbers is investigated numerically using a fully coupled fluid–structure interaction computational model. By leveraging the acoustic black hole effect, tapered plates can generate bending patterns that vary from standing wave to travelling wave oscillations, whereas plates with uniform thickness are limited to standing wave oscillations. Simulations reveal that although both standing and traveling wave oscillation modes can produce high thrust, travelling waves achieve significantly higher hydrodynamic efficiency, and this advantage is more pronounced at higher Reynolds numbers. Furthermore, regardless of the oscillation mode, tapering leads to greater hydrodynamic performance. The enhanced hydrodynamic efficiency of travelling wave propulsion is associated with the reduced amount of vorticity generated by tapered plates, while maintaining high tip displacements. The results have implications for the development of highly efficient biomimetic robotic swimmers, and more generally, the better understanding of the undulatory aquatic locomotion.
The diversity of Rhabdias includes 101 species, 71 of which parasitize the lungs of anurans, caudates, gymnophionans, and some occur in reptiles worldwide. Currently, 26 species are found in the Neotropical region, and in Brazil, there are 16 nominal species, a relatively low number considering the high diversity of potential hosts. Here, we describe a new species of Rhabdias found in Physalaemus albonotatus, with morphological and molecular data, as well as phylogenetic analyses using sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI). Rhabdias taquariensis n. sp. differs from other known species by a set of morphometric traits and by presenting a well-defined internal shape of the cephalic dilation. Molecular analyses revealed that R. taquariensis n. sp. exhibits a significant divergence of 13.6% in COI compared to the Rhabdias cf. stenocephala species complex. Additionally, phylogenetic reconstructions indicate that the new species represents a distinct lineage, external to a clade formed by species such as Rhabdias fuelleborni, Rhabdias cf. stenocephala, and Rhabdias waiapi. Rhabdias taquariensis n. sp. is the 27th species described in the Neotropical region and the 16th in Brazil, the first description of a species of the genus Rhabdias for Physalaemus albonotatus, and one of the few Rhabdias species described for the Cerrado biome.
After performing an abortion in 1973, Dr. Kenneth Edelin was indicted and convicted of manslaughter. Dr. Edelin’s conviction was reversed 50 years ago. However, the conflict between the medical and legal systems, the use of abortion prosecution to control patients and providers, and the framing of a fetus as a person feel just as relevant to today’s abortion landscape.
The relationship between political science and sociolegal scholarship is, at it’s best, a constitutive one. This essay argues that the two fields of study have taken turns illuminating important aspects of law, politics, and social life – responding, in turn, to the theoretical and empirical findings of each other. Law and Society scholarship, in particular, presses political scientists to rethink their foundational assumptions about the rule of law, the power of institutions, and the meaning of judicial decision-making and processes. Some of this rethinking may result, as we posited on the panel which gave rise to this work, in a fruitful “undisciplining” of the field, and re-imagining of the political.
We investigate solute dispersion in a two-phase system comprising a Casson fluid flowing in a tube and its surrounding wall phase that allows interphase solute exchange to mimic solute transport in blood and tissue phases. A pulsatile pressure gradient is imposed, and Gill’s classical methodology is extended to two-phase flows to analyse solute transport. The key parameters are the diffusivity ratio between wall and fluid phases ($\lambda$), the partition coefficient ($\beta _p$), the Womersley number ($\alpha$), the yield stress ($\tau _y$), the wall thickness ($\delta _h$) and the initial dimensionless radius of the solute source ($a$). In the long-time limit, increasing $\lambda$, $\beta _p$ and $\delta _h$ reduces the phase-averaged convection ($K_1$) and dispersion ($K_2$) coefficients, owing to solute accumulation in the wall where convective and shear-induced transport are absent. Short-time behaviour is dictated by the rate of solute transfer to the wall. Larger $\alpha$ enhances both $K_1$ and $K_2$, while larger $\tau _y$ suppresses them. The presence of a wall phase permits $K_2$ to reach $O(10^{0})$, compared with $K_2 \sim O(10^{-3})$ without a wall, and can delay the onset of steady state to dimensionless time $t \sim O(10^{2})$. Strong solute exchange and increasing wall thickness diminish downstream solute penetration, while non-Newtonian effects promote interphase transfer. These results provide mechanistic insight into solute exchange across fluid–wall interfaces, relevant to solute transport in blood flow and engineered permeable systems.
Nutrition is crucial for the growth of children and adolescents. This study investigated multiple nutritional problems and influencing factors among 2,423 students aged 6-17 in Guizhou Province, using questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and blood tests. Multifactorial logistic and Poisson regression analyses were used to identify determinants of overnutrition and undernutrition. The results showed a distinct profile compared to national averages: wasting was more prevalent (9.6%), while overweight (8.6%) and obesity (5.0%) were less common. Notably, hyperuricemia (27.6%) and zinc deficiency (17.9%) were elevated, whereas classical metabolic syndrome (2.3%) was lower, delineating a regional pattern that prioritizes these emerging and micronutrient issues. Marginal vitamin A deficiency (17.2%) and vitamin D inadequacy (50.9%) remained significant. Older age (11-17 years) was a strong risk factor for overnutrition-related disorders and hyperuricemia (All p<0.001). Overweight/obesity increased risks of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome (All p<0.001). Being female was a major risk factor for undernutrition (PR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.19-1.35, p<0.001) and vitamin D deficiency (AOR=2.51, 95%CI: 2.10-3.00, p<0.001), but a protective factor against hyperuricemia (AOR=0.34, 95%CI: 0.27-0.41, p<0.001). Frequent sugary drink consumption (≥3/week) elevated hyperuricemia risk (AOR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.05-1.69, p=0.020). This study underscores a complex double burden of malnutrition in western China, characterized by specific priority areas, and necessitates tailored, multi-component interventions such as limiting sugary drinks and focusing nutrition support on adolescent girls.
This article introduces the open access ArcGIS database Weather Extremes in England's Little Ice Age, 1500–1700. The database maps narrative weather records from a range of sources, including historical chronicles, personal diaries, and extreme weather pamphlets. A source of particular note is the manuscript commonplace book of Richard Shann (1561–1627), a Catholic copyholder from Methley, Yorkshire. Shann included his weather notations in two distinct sections, with the first transcribing events between 1617–27, and the second, between 1586–1622. Falling between the genres of chronicle and diary, these records provide a sustained perspective on local weather conditions. In their turn-of-the-century focus, they also help to clarify the specific impact of the Little Ice Age on England, as their local observations reflect a national trend wherein seventeenth-century weather becomes not only more cold but also more unstable.
A family of $n\times n$ matrices over a field $\mathbb {F}$ is irreducible if it has no common nontrivial invariant subspace, and minimally irreducible if it is irreducible but has no proper irreducible subfamily. If $\mathbb {F}$ is algebraically closed and $n\ge 2$, a minimally irreducible family has at most $2n-1$ elements. We show that for complex $n\times n$ matrices, $n\ge 3$, a family of minimally irreducible (i) matrix units, (ii) rank one projections, (iii) unicellular matrices and (iv) orthoatomic matrices has k elements where respectively (i) $n\le k\le 2n-2$, (ii) $k=n$, (iii) $2\le k\le n-1$ and (iv) $2\le k\le n-1$. All of the values of k in these ranges are attained. If $n=2$, each such minimally irreducible family has $2$ elements.
A new species of spionid polychaete from the coastal waters of southwest India, Trochochaeta chakara sp. nov., is described and illustrated. Adults are common on Alappuzha mud banks (locally known as Chakara) off the coast of Kerala. They live in silty tubes in soft sediment and are characterized by the presence of two pairs of red eyes, caruncle extending to end of chaetiger 1, heavy falcate spines in neuropodia of chaetigers 2 and 3 (those in chaetiger 3 much stronger and darker), capillary chaetae in notopodia of chaetigers 1, 3–10, frayed heavy spines in neuropodia of chaetigers 4–13, hirsute capillaries in neuropodia from chaetiger 14, lateral interneuropodial membranes from chaetiger 14, one pair of ventral papillae on each chaetiger from chaetigers 14–16, bundles of acicular spines in notopodia from chaetigers 50–52, and small pygidium with up to six pairs of short cirri. This is the third species of Trochochaeta described and found in the Indian Ocean, including T. orissae (Fauvel, 1932) and T. cirrifera (Hartman, 1975).