A rectifier converts ac to dc. A basicrectifier circuit produces dc in the electricalengineering sense, that is, unipolar current flow.It does not produce dc in the mathematical sense,that is, a waveform that is constant in time andwhose spectrum consists of a single zero-frequencycomponent. A rectifier’s output containsconsiderable ac content. These ac componentsresult in fluctuations, called ripple, about the averagevalue of the dc output. Eliminating this rippleand obtaining an approximation to “pure” dcrequires insertion of a filtering process afterthe basic rectification function.
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