This paper explores the Onassis Foundation's transformative impact on C.P. Cavafy's legacy by bridging traditional literary heritage with contemporary digital culture. Through strategic digitization, global events, and social media campaigns, the Foundation has expanded Cavafy's reach, reframing him as both a cultural asset and a networked figure for contemporary audiences. This study examines how an institutional approach shapes perceptions of Cavafy's work, balancing authenticity with celebrity-making, and considers the implications for Modern Greek literature's visibility on the global stage.

We report a set of radiocarbon dating of prehistoric settlements located on the paleolake Baruun Khuree shores in the Gobi-Altai area, southern Mongolia. The obtained series of 11 AMS 14C measurements on charcoal and other charred plant macro-remains can be associated with one of the earliest episodes of the Holocene highly mobile desert-adapted hunter-gatherers activities from the Gobi desert (ca. 11,250–10,500 cal BP). Exploiting a wide range of environments, including dune fields, they are characterized by pottery usage and microblade core technology with wedge-shaped cores as well as osteological materials. These preliminary results are part of a project analyzing the nature of long-lasting prehistoric occupation around Tsakhiurtyn Hundi (Eng. Flint Valley)—one of the most extensive early prehistoric sites of Central Asia owing its name to the presence of abundant flint outcrops, lithic workshops and their innumerable flint artifacts.

For two decades, real wage comparisons have been centre stage in global socio-economic history studies of comparative development, offering a tractable – if oversimplified – gauge of living standards. But critics argue that these studies have leaned too heavily on the earnings of male, urban, unskilled, daily wage labourers, overlooking wage disparities between social groups and the mechanics of how wages were paid. This Special Issue attempts to shift the focus to overlooked groups and “wage systems” – the methods behind pay determination – and their role in deepening or mitigating inequality. This introduction attempts a global overview of the long-term developments in real wage studies, highlighting methodological innovations and challenges over recent decades. It also explains how the various articles in this Special Issue, spanning topics from medieval Europe to colonial India, contribute to this field. We argue that wage systems – and the inequalities they breed – played out in ways as varied as history itself, so comparing material living standards across time and space remains a complex calculation. We plead for a two-pronged approach: the continued study of all types of income of all working people, alongside a new focus on the social norms, institutions, and systems that determine the opportunities for individuals to acquire an income. A consolidated bibliography of all references in this Special Issue may help future research.

We study $\ell $-isogeny graphs of ordinary elliptic curves defined over $\mathbb {F}_q$ with an added level structure. Given an integer N coprime to p and $\ell ,$ we look at the graphs obtained by adding $\Gamma _0(N)$, $\Gamma _1(N),$ and $\Gamma (N)$-level structures to volcanoes. Given an order $\mathcal {O}$ in an imaginary quadratic field $K,$ we look at the action of generalized ideal class groups of $\mathcal {O}$ on the set of elliptic curves whose endomorphism rings are $\mathcal {O}$ along with a given level structure. We show how the structure of the craters of these graphs is determined by the choice of parameters.

This paper seeks to synthesize fifty years of academic historical publishing since 1974. It argues that the advent of democracy in Greece anticipated three waves of historiographic production: one immediately following the Junta's collapse in 1974 up to the 1990s; a second from the late 1990s to the 2010s; and one since then until the present.

This article revisits Odysseus Elytis’ poem Alvaniada, first presented on the Greek National Radio Foundation (EIR) in 1956. I approach the Alvaniada as a radio poem, highlighting its role in the development of Elytis’ intermedial poetics, which aims at inventing, in his own words, ‘new fixed forms that facilitate the poem's transition from the domain of the book to the domain of the theatre or to music and song’. The case of the Alvaniada directs attention to the 1950s as a critical, yet understudied, decade for Elytis’ acquisition of canonical status: it was then that his works became widely disseminated via national cultural institutions such as the state theatre and radio.

In this paper, I identify a distinctive type of epistemic injustice which I call “identification-based injustice.” In paradigm cases, a prejudiced interlocutor responds to a trans speaker’s gender self-identification (e.g., “I am a woman”) with disbelief or dismissal. This is an everyday form of injustice experienced by trans individuals, and frequently has severe practical consequences. It involves testimony with a particular kind of content, namely self-identification. I argue that because the relevant self-IDs express substantial self-knowledge, the injustice harms the speaker both in their capacity as a knower and in their capacity to be known, by themself and by others. This illuminates a distinctively epistemic obligation on the part of hearers to take trans speakers’ self-identifications seriously.

Infinitival constructions (ICs) have received considerable attention from syntacticians and typologists, but less so from variationist linguistics. Based on new data from a comprehensive dialect survey, this study investigates the variation and change of ICs in Austrian dialects. The results reveal clear geographical patterns for different IC variants in Austria. Regarding linguistic factors, several constraints are identified, most importantly with respect to the IC’s syntactical function and governing element (e.g., phase verbs). Moreover, an apparent-time analysis shows that one variant (zum + infinitive) has been grammaticalized and spread at the expense of all other variants, presumably due to both dialect leveling and dialect-standard advergence.

This study revisits the V3 linearization AdvP>Subject>finite verb in Kiezdeutsch, comparing it to resumptive verb-third Left Dislocation and Hanging Topic Left Dislocation. Using corpus data, preverbal object DPs are shown to almost never occur across verb-third distributions, yet preverbal nominative subjects and spatio-temporal elements are unproblematic. This behavior is argued to involve a low C-domain position encoding a Subject of Predication requirement (see Cardinaletti 2004) tied to aboutness and nominative Case-assigning features, but not a strict D-related subject EPP. Based on comparison with other corpora and analysis of metadata, speakers from non-German-speaking homes, namely successive bilinguals, are argued to have innovated this property. A novel account is suggested for the emergence of V3 based on claims that it results from a natural informational order (Wiese et al. 2020), which is formalized as a Minimal Default Grammar (Roeper 1999) available to children before they fully acquire CP and TP. Children acquiring a V2 language must either reject V3 or incorporate it into a V2 syntax. Lacking adequate counterevidence in their input, Kiezdeutsch speakers do the latter.*

Entomophagy (eating edible insects) could potentially address human deficiencies of iron, zinc and vitamin B12. This article aims to summarise available evidence about the iron, zinc and vitamin B12 content of raw and processed edible insects and compare these with the nutritional needs of different human life stages. A systematic literature search using specific keywords (edible insects, iron content, zinc content, vitamin B12 content and nutritional composition) in Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed. Forty-six studies were reviewed. To ensure standardised comparisons, articles with nutrient-enriched edible insects were excluded. The quality of records was assessed using standardised protocols. Results indicate that edible insects are generally either ‘sources of’ or ‘rich in’ iron, zinc and vitamin B12 required for optimal nutrition and health of different human life stages. Moreover, iron, zinc and vitamin B12 contents of edible insect species were generally either comparable to or higher than that of (lean) beef, (lean) pork, poultry and kidney beans. Most insect species were oven processed with little/no species-specific data for other processing methods. Variations in micronutrient content existed between processing methods and among oven-processed edible insects. Data inaccuracies, poor data quality control and lack of insect-specific official analytical methods contributed to fairly high variations and made comparisons difficult. Based on available data, edible insects can potentially address human deficiencies of iron, zinc and vitamin B12 despite the observed variations, data gaps and lack of edible insect matrix-specific official methods, in addition to limited human bioavailability and efficacy studies.

Jubilees are good to think with, obviously. They provide a fitting opportunity to look back, to take stock, and to offer some thoughts about the future. As a scholar working on Byzantine history (and only slightly older than BMGS at that) I recognize that the state of the field has changed immensely in the last fifty years. First, there was a major expansion in departments and programmes dedicated to Byzantine studies, followed more recently by a contraction. And yet, even while Byzantine studies are offered in fewer academic institutions, there is an immense proliferation of academic research and publications on the Byzantine Empire – trend accelerating. Exact numbers may be hard to come by, but a quick search on WorldCat for books published in 2023 with the word ‘Byzantine’ in the title brought forth almost two hundred books – in English alone. If we add journal articles (there are over twenty major journals devoted solely to Byzantine studies), chapters in edited volumes, and, especially publications in languages other than English, we would probably reach the low thousands, all in one year. To survey, much less to read with care and absorb all this new knowledge, has become impossible. How handy would it be if someone else took over this task for us – processing research and synthesizing it in a clear, concise and readable volume. It is highly doubtful that such a book could be produced today, but there is a work that fulfilled these functions for a very long time, one of the most cited and recommended textbooks in Byzantine history, Georg Ostrogorsky's History of the Byzantine State.

The Brahman sage Gautama cursed Indra with emasculation, in some versions through the appearance of vulvas on his body, as a punishment for intercourse with Gautama's wife, Ahalyā; Ahalyā's punishment involved detraction from her visible or physical presence. I present an analysis of the version as told in Padmapurāṇa 1.54. The story, in addition to reflecting male suspicion of women and dread of feminisation, simultaneously functions as a cautionary tale about the dangers of succumbing to lust and reflects inter-varṇa tension: the weak-willed Indra, a divine kṣatriya, is humiliated by the continent Gautama, whose asceticism is the source of the devastating power that he unleashes against both Indra and Ahalyā. I also compare this myth to the Greek tales of Achilles, Herakles, and Teiresias's feminisations, and suggest that the association of heroic feminisation with sexuality (as seen in the stories in which Indra, Achilles, and Herakles are feminised) may be a shared inheritance from Proto-Indo-European times. However, the myths of Achilles and Herakles's feminisations, like that of Indra's, are shaped by their specific cultural context: the feminised Greek heroes’ penetration of women is confirmation of their continued masculinity, rather than the result of a reprehensible lack of self-control.