Anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes is insufficiently studied in cattle in many European regions, including France, where only three studies have been conducted in the north-west. This study evaluated the efficacy of benzimidazoles and avermectins in cattle from a mid-mountain region in central France. Faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were performed in 22 groups of 10–25 calves from 16 dairy or beef farms. Each group received either oral oxfendazole (OFZ, 11 groups) or injectable ivermectin (IVM, 11 groups). Faecal samples were collected in a paired study design before (D0) and after treatment (D10-14 for OFZ, D14-17 for IVM). Individual faecal egg counts (FECs) were determined using the Mini-FLOTAC method, and pooled faecal samples were cultured per group to determine the proportions of Ostertagia and Cooperia larvae using droplet digital PCR. Efficacy classification (resistant, susceptible or inconclusive) was determined for each group according to the WAAVP guidelines, using the fecrt.com web application and the clinical protocol scenario with a grey zone of 90–99%. IVM resistance was detected on 10 of 11 farms, with 33–49% and 51–67% of larvae being Ostertagia and Cooperia after treatment, respectively. The remaining farm had inconclusive results. OFZ resistance was detected on 2 of 11 farms, with 100% and 97% of larvae being Ostertagia after treatment. The remaining 9 farms were classified as susceptible. This study provides valuable local insights into AR, which could help raise awareness among farmers and veterinarians and encourage changes in treatment practices.

This paper explores Robert Frank’s photographs of southern California from his collection The Americans (1958). Using Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin’s historical-materialist approach, I show how Frank dismantles Hollywood’s dream factory as he travels through the heart of the culture industry. Frank’s photography stands at the crossroads of Adorno’s and Benjamin’s philosophical fragments on modernity’s ruins. Challenging any grand narrative about sociohistorical progress in his desultory arrangement of photographs, I argue that Frank’s methodology is wedded to how the two philosophers approach a philosophy of history. Whether he is shooting overgrown suburban yards, a solitary figure on Main Street, or the backside of the Hollywood sign, Frank shows how California’s imagined Arcadia comprises scenes of abandonment and melancholic loss. Like the philosophers from the Frankfurt school, Frank’s images suggest that the culture industry fabricates a false sense of community and fuels an atmosphere of isolation inhabited by reified commodities and the obsolescence of their consumers.

This is a talk delivered on the occasion of the Central European History Convention’s first meeting in Vienna in July 2025. It is dedicated to the career of historian Pieter M. Judson.

Developments of proof-theoretic semantics that locate meaning uniformly either with introduction rules or with elimination rules give rise to higher-order inference rules. These higher-order rules typically resist straightforward formulation in natural deduction and appear to license a more general class of valid inference patterns than the corresponding rules in Gentzen’s original calculus. Examples from Koslow’s and Schroeder-Heister’s approaches to proof-theoretic semantics illustrate the pattern. We show that this apparent generality is an illusion. In every case in which they arise, the higher-order rule is seen to be a twofold universalization of Gentzen’s lower-level rule and is proven to be interderivable with it. The result highlights the primacy of the universal construction—rather than the details of any particular presentation—as determining meaning. An application to identity shows that higher-order rules can even make explicit universal constructions that remain hidden at the level of familiar inferential patterns.

We explore the combinatorial properties of the set $\mathfrak {S}(k,\ell; n)$ consisting of standard Young tableaux with specific shape constraints. Using bijections with Motzkin and free Motzkin paths, we enumerate $\mathrm {S}_m(3,0;n)$ and $\mathrm {S}_m(2,1;n)$ for all m, and $\mathrm {S}_m(0,3;n)$ and $\mathrm {S}_m(1,2;n)$ for small values of m. We derive explicit formulae such as $\mathrm {S}_2(3,0;n)=M_n - M_{n-1}$ and $\mathrm {S}_4(3,0;n)=M_{n-3}$, where $M_n$ denotes the number of Motzkin paths of length n. Furthermore, we offer an alternative proof of Regev’s identity $\mathrm {S}(2,1;n)=1+\mathrm { S}_{\mathrm {odd}}(2,1;n+1)$, thereby deepening the connection between standard Young tableaux and lattice path combinatorics.

A methodology for impedance control based on mechanical vibration theory was presented to select stiffness and damping to meet the desired dynamic response using modal analysis. This methodology provided profound insights into how changes in stiffness and damping matrices influence a robot’s dynamic response under impedance control, by determining natural frequencies and damping ratios in the modal space. In this paper, our analytical and experimental results challenge the claim of a recent paper stating that the use of a null-space projection does not affect the outcomes, which appears to be a claim that is valid based only on their specific choice of stiffness and damping matrices and robot configuration. Through experiments using a 7-DOF Franka Emika Panda robot, we demonstrate the influence of both stiffness/damping matrices and the weighting matrix of null-space control on the responses of robot manipulators with degrees of redundancy performing primary and secondary tasks. We also introduce and show insights of the benefits of switching between the statically and the dynamically consistent projection matrices, contributing to the broader understanding of the dynamic response of redundant robotic manipulators.

The design-based paradigm may be adopted in causal inference and survey sampling when we assume Rubin’s stable unit treatment value assumption (SUTVA) or impose similar frameworks. While often taken for granted, such assumptions entail strong claims about the data-generating process. We develop an alternative design-based approach: we first invoke a generalized, non-parametric model that allows for unrestricted forms of interference, such as spillover. We define an associated set of inferential targets and discuss their interpretation under SUTVA and a weaker assumption that we call the “no unmodeled revealable variation assumption” (NURVA). We then reconstruct the standard paradigm, reconsidering SUTVA at the end rather than assuming it at the beginning. Despite its similarity to SUTVA, we demonstrate the practical limitations of NURVA alone for identifying substantively interesting quantities. In so doing, we provide clarity on the nature and importance of SUTVA for applied research.

Four species of Lygus bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae), Lygus lineolaris, L. keltoni, L. elisus, and L. borealis, are native pests of many crops throughout North America. In eastern Canada, a European parasitoid, Peristenus digoneutis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), occurs adventively from intentional releases made in the 1980s in the northeastern region of the United States of America. In the Canadian prairies, P. mellipes and P. howardi are common native parasitoids that attack the first and second generations of Lygus, respectively, albeit at low levels. Therefore, relocation of P. digoneutis has been considered to enhance biological control in western Canada. We investigated the potential for competition between the native and exotic Peristenus spp. in laboratory settings. Our results showed that no statistically significant effects of simultaneous or sequential competition occurred on the success of parasitism by the native species, particularly for P. howardi. Minor reductions in parasitism by P. mellipes were observed only when the exotic species was added one day before the native species. From these findings, we conclude that the risk for competitive displacement of native Peristenus spp. by P. digoneutis is low. The potential benefits of having a parasitoid with two generations and the likely additive mortality effects on Lygus bug pests should outweigh the low environmental risks of introducing P. digoneutis.

As diffusion scholars increasingly focus on the various mechanisms underlying the spread of policy innovations, it is important to establish clear theoretical foundations for each one. Elite socialization—innovations that diffuse because of the convergence of lawmakers and policy advocates around norms of appropriateness—is the most underdeveloped mechanism in the American diffusion literature. This is a critical oversight given the application of socialization in other contexts and the success of interstate policy networks in seeding policy cascades across the states. This article remedies this problem both by providing a theoretical foundation for elite socialization as an explanation for diffusion via interstate policy networks in the United States and differentiating this mechanism from four other common diffusion mechanisms. It offers testable core and peripheral assumptions and illustrative case studies of strict voter ID and organ donor law diffusion. Finally, it presents a research agenda for systematically testing socialization diffusion, which includes a discussion of methodological opportunities and challenges.

The social organization of care refers to the institutions, norms, and practices that govern the distribution of caring responsibilities and access to caring resources in unequal ways (Glenn 2000; 2012). There is compelling evidence that everywhere women still do the bulk of unpaid care work and that this restricts their opportunities to participate in economic and political life. These inequalities further spill over into the wider economy as many care occupations are poorly paid and predominantly filled by racialized and immigrant women, as well as women from less privileged socioeconomic backgrounds. Feminist scholarship demonstrates that care is not only an issue in its own right. It also lies at the heart of many other political phenomena from the development of welfare states (Ciccia and Sainsbury 2018; Gordon 1991; Koven and Michel 2013), to democratic backsliding and the rise of far-right parties (Briggs 2018; Farris and Rottenberg 2017; Meguid et al. 2025), to the politics of race, immigration, and same-sex families (Ayoub and Stoeckl 2024; Ferree 2021; Hancock 2004). Therefore, the social organization of care is a root cause of gender and intersecting inequalities.

In this article I am concerned with interrogating the intersection between the Newtonian and Cartesian intellectual inheritances of AI and machine learning, and ideas about the ethics of war. As militaries turn to new and emerging technologies to maintain or achieve a technological edge over their perceived adversaries, they create new imaginaries of future war—alongside the technologists, academics, and defense scientists crafting new terms, ideologies, and frameworks for making sense of these technologies. In this article I will argue that the intellectual inheritances of machine learning strengthen certain pre-existing tendencies of thinking about ethics and war that function to push the experience of war, particularly for those subjected to it, to one side. The first of these is ethics as code, which in its most extreme form seeks to quantify ethics. The second is ethics as identity, in which we see the reduction of complex ethical debates to a simple belief that “we” are the ethical actors and the “other” is not. To combat the expansion of militarism that these narratives enable we must foreground the experience of war, both of those subject to it and of those creating the conditions for war.