Understanding how reduced-tillage practices influence weed community assembly is critical for designing ecologically sustainable organic cropping systems. We evaluated the effects on emerged weed biomass and seedbank dynamics of three cropping systems combining contrasting tillage regimes and cover crop strategies within an organic corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–spelt (Triticum spelta L.) rotation. Drawing from community assembly theory, we tested the roles of abiotic (soil disturbance), biotic (crop competition), and legacy filters (crop entry and cover crop history) across crop phases and spatial positions (interrow vs. intrarow). Our results show that weed community composition was shaped more by crop identity, spatial heterogeneity, and legacy effects than by tillage intensity alone. In soybean, the system with the lowest disturbance and a 14-mo undisturbed red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cover crop legacy (IT/C–NT/S) selected for low-diversity communities dominated by giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), particularly in intrarow zones. In contrast, in corn, spatial location explained more variation than cropping system, with intrarow communities again consistently dominated by S. faberi. Seedbank composition did not differ among systems but was significantly more diverse in the entry that had spelt in the last year of the rotation compared with the entry that had it in the first year, suggesting a strong filtering effect of the winter crop. Indicator species analysis further confirmed system-level filtering, with S. faberi strongly associated with low-disturbance soybean systems. These findings underscore the importance of considering within-field spatial heterogeneity and rotational legacy when designing organic weed management strategies and support the use of ecological filtering frameworks to understand weed community dynamics in complex organic systems.

This paper seeks to question the strict separation between liberal and authoritarian legality by revealing the fictions and contradictions of liberal law necessary to maintain its order and the authoritarian practices involved in sustaining it. Bringing forth stories of carceral labour of women prisoners in an Indian prison who bear witness to authoritarian logics of punishment and animating spaces of legal ambiguity occupied by this labour, I draw out this dialectical relationship between liberal law and its authoritarian practices. I also demonstrate how carceral labour serves to construct labour and its subject outside prison as “free” (notwithstanding its actual conditions and relations of coercion), sustaining a seductive dichotomy between “free” and “unfree” labour. Both materially and psychically, the liberal rule of law asks us to deposit “unfreedoms” in prison and its practices so that the fantasy of the free liberal subject with rights and citizenship is sustained.

In recent years, alongside increasing interest in collapse narratives, Mediterranean landscape archaeologists have turned to resilience theory and concepts like sustainability to examine the complexity of social responses to environmental stress and to counter a predominant focus on catastrophism and decline. Yet the revamping of systems theory has its pitfalls, most notably in its reductionist language, its sidelining of human agency and its privileging of normative claims of success or failure. In this paper I build on cross-disciplinary critiques of resilience to highlight problems with metrics of stability or vulnerability, macrohistorical functionalism, patchy material chronologies and the obscuring of social dynamics. I argue that research on past human–environment relationships needs more attention to landscape time and smaller-scale practices, and advocate studying the political dimensions that structured how past communities created and managed liveable conditions in uneven ways.

Chronic stress can lead to physical and mental health conditions. This study aimed to identify the different stress profiles and stress relief methods among Filipinos living in the Philippines using latent class analysis. A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study was employed in this study. The stressors and stress-relief practices among Filipinos were investigated using the I-HEART-FILIPINOS data set. Latent class analysis was used to identify the different profiles of stress causes and management methods among 1,196 Filipinos residing in the Philippines, specifically the Northern Luzon area. Four stress-related profiles were identified: (1) low financial stress relieved by eating and exercise; (2) work-related stress relieved by self-care; (3) familial and economic turmoil relieved by eating, exercise and prayer; (4) high financial stress relieved by staying at home and remaining indoors. The four-class solution explained 58% of the variation in the data through classification. Disparities were observed between classes in terms of emotional distress and sociodemographic variables, implying how sociocultural factors could affect stress presentation and management in Filipinos. The findings of this study inform the development of stress management interventions specifically designed to address the needs of underserved populations in the Philippines and neighboring countries to improve overall health.

The little n-disks operad is $SO(n)$ and $O(n)$-equivariantly formal over the rationals. Equivalently, the oriented and unoriented framed little disks operads are rationally formal as $\infty $-operads.

Doxastic Partialism in Friendship is the view that part of being a good friend is having positively tilted beliefs about one’s friends. Being a patriot — like being a good friend — is demanding. And there is a case to be made that patriotism — like friendship — demands doxastic partiality, this time towards one’s country. Although doxastic partiality in friendship has been widely discussed in the philosophical literature, comparatively little has been written on its patriotic cousin. Focusing on doxastic partiality in the Canadian context, this article seeks to rectify this lack by considering both motivations and worries for Patriotic Doxastic Partialism.

Policymakers in cities in the United States of America (U.S.) must tailor the right bundle of policies to promote the diffusion of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). We investigate the interplay of (non-)monetary incentives on U.S. state, city and utility-related policy levels. For doing so, we deploy fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) of BEV policies in 16 cities in the U.S. to identify policy configurations that promote BEV uptake. We provide a first-ever study to systematically evaluate BEV policy bundles across different U.S. policy levels. Results indicate two policy configurations: monetary incentives received upon/after BEV purchase in conjunction with (non-)monetary incentives for home charging infrastructure extension in conjunction with recurring monetary incentives by utilities (I); the absence of recurring (non-)monetary incentives at the local level in conjunction with (non-)monetary incentives for home charging infrastructure extension in conjunction with recurring monetary incentives by utilities (II) lead to successful progress in BEV adoption.

We study the problem when an n-tuple of self-adjoint operators in an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space H with small commutators is close to an n-tuple of commuting self-adjoint operators on $H.$ We give an affirmative answer to the problem when the synthetic-spectrum and the essential synthetic-spectrum are close. Examples are also exhibited that, in general, the answer to the problem when $n\ge 3$ is negative even the associated Fredholm index vanishes. This is an attempt to solve a problem proposed by David Mumford related to quantum theory and measurements.

Studies on bimodal bilingualism showed that bimodal lexical access is not costly compared to unimodal lexical access, but that it can be even advantageous. We asked whether the same can be observed in unimodal bilinguals as long as some bimodal conditions are provided. We exploited the ecological bimodal setting of subtitled videos and designed four versions of a semantic categorization task, with unimodal (spoken or written language) and bimodal (speech and captions) stimuli. Regardless of the status of the language (L1/L2) and regardless of the bimodal stimuli being also bilingual, answers to bimodal stimuli were systematically faster than speech-only stimuli and slower than written-only stimuli. These results indicate that: i) bimodal stimuli were processed differently from unimodal stimuli, ii) both modalities were taken into account simultaneously, iii) the integration between modalities occurred automatically, even if focusing on one modality only would have been advantageous.

The United States Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues led the Secretary’s Office of Global Women’s Issues at the U.S. Department of State. The position was created in 2009 when Hillary Clinton served as U.S. Secretary of State during the administration of Barack Obama. Ambassador Geeta Rao Gupta (GRG) was the fourth Ambassador-at-Large and the first woman of color to hold the position. In 2025, the Ambassadorship and Secretary’s Office of Global Women’s Issues were eliminated by the Donald Trump administration. This is a slightly edited version of an interview that took place with Mona Lena Krook (MLK) via Zoom on February 4, 2026.

In the 1820s, the East India Company commissioned a steam-powered dredging vessel to be constructed and set to work on a series of rivers that connected their capital of Calcutta with the Ganges River, and thus major commercial and population centers in northern India. The vessel, however, was a failure. It could not float on the rivers it was meant to dredge. This hitherto untold narrative of early steam engines on the subcontinent argues that the ultimate failure and abandonment of the vessel was not due to insurmountable technical difficulties but rather to a failure of imagination by the EIC administration. They were limited by what they believed an imperial river should be and what were appropriate ways for humans and their technology to interact with that river. This illustrates how the British Empire in India conceptualized modern technology as European and therefore “naturally” in opposition to the Indian environment, as well as how such conceptualizations ultimately stymied their imperial ambitions.

Sonic agencies of climate change refers to the relational fluxes of human and nonhuman agencies sounding and musicking the climate crisis. This article discusses what understandings of Indigenous onto-epistemologies of the nonhuman in commercial music can contribute to the notion and vice-versa. In Greenland, site of the rapidly melting North Polar Ice Cap, popular song lyrics in Inuit Greenlandic or Kalallissut as well as their music videos and album cover art engage nonhuman aspects of human internal experiences and societal coming-to-terms around global heating. Sonic agencies of climate change is used here to investigate how emotion, affect, protest, and debate through musicking—which music scholarship tends to approach anthropocentrically—navigate the nonhuman as well as human-nonhuman relationalities. Relevant Greenlandic musical contents pose alternatives to an epistemology behind climate change, while their commercialization relies on environmentally destructive industries. Sonic agencies of climate change may be politically, ideologically and otherwise complex and contradictory.

We present a formula for the Poincaré dual in the flag manifold of the equivariant fundamental class of any regular nilpotent or regular semisimple Hessenberg variety as a polynomial in terms of certain Chern classes. We then develop a type-independent proof of the Giambelli formula for the Peterson variety and use this formula to compute the intersection multiplicity of a Peterson variety with an opposite Schubert variety corresponding to a Coxeter word. Finally, we develop an equivariant Chevalley formula for the cap product of a divisor class with a fundamental class, and a dual Monk rule, for the Peterson variety.

Let G be a connected reductive group over a non-archimedean local field. We say that an irreducible depth-zero (complex) G-representation is non-singular if its cuspidal support is non-singular. We establish a local Langlands correspondence for all such representations. We obtain it as a specialization from a categorical version: an equivalence between the category of finite-length non-singular depth-zero G-representations and the category of finite-length right modules of a direct sum of twisted affine Hecke algebras constructed from Langlands parameters. We also show that our LLC and our equivalence of categories have several nice properties, for example, compatibility with parabolic induction and with twists by depth-zero characters.