Fix a von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal{N}}$ equipped with a suitable trace $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$. For a path of self-adjoint Breuer–Fredholm operators, the spectral flow measures the net amount of spectrum that moves from negative to non-negative. We consider specifically the case of paths of bounded perturbations of a fixed unbounded self-adjoint Breuer–Fredholm operator affiliated with ${\mathcal{N}}$. If the unbounded operator is $p$-summable (that is, its resolvents are contained in the ideal $L^{p}$), then it is possible to obtain an integral formula that calculates spectral flow. This integral formula was first proved by Carey and Phillips, building on earlier approaches of Phillips. Their proof was based on first obtaining a formula for the larger class of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}$-summable operators, and then using Laplace transforms to obtain a $p$-summable formula. In this paper, we present a direct proof of the $p$-summable formula that is both shorter and simpler than theirs.

In this paper, we study the boundary quotient $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebras associated with products of odometers. One of our main results shows that the boundary quotient $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra of the standard product of $k$ odometers over $n_{i}$-letter alphabets $(1\leqslant i\leqslant k)$ is always nuclear, and that it is a UCT Kirchberg algebra if and only if $\{\ln n_{i}:1\leqslant i\leqslant k\}$ is rationally independent, if and only if the associated single-vertex $k$-graph $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra is simple. To achieve this, one of our main steps is to construct a topological $k$-graph such that its associated Cuntz–Pimsner $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra is isomorphic to the boundary quotient $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra. Some relations between the boundary quotient $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra and the $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebra $\text{Q}_{\mathbb{N}}$ introduced by Cuntz are also investigated.

We give two characterisations of tracially nuclear C*-algebras. The first is that the finite summand of the second dual is hyperfinite. The second is in terms of a variant of the weak* uniqueness property. The necessary condition holds for all tracially nuclear C*-algebras. When the algebra is separable, we prove the sufficiency.

We give a general method of extending unital completely positive maps to amalgamated free products of C*-algebras. As an application, we give a dilation theoretic proof of Boca's Theorem.

For an arbitrary discrete probability-measure-preserving groupoid $G$, we provide a characterization of property (T) for $G$ in terms of the groupoid von Neumann algebra $L(G)$. More generally, we obtain a characterization of relative property (T) for a subgroupoid $H\subset G$ in terms of the inclusions $L(H)\subset L(G)$.

We provide sufficient conditions to factorise an equivariant spectral triple as a Kasparov product of unbounded classes constructed from the group action on the algebra and from the fixed point spectral triple. We show that if factorisation occurs, then the equivariant index of the spectral triple vanishes. Our results are for the action of compact abelian Lie groups, and we demonstrate them with examples from manifolds and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}$-deformations. In particular, we show that equivariant Dirac-type spectral triples on the total space of a torus principal bundle always factorise. Combining this with our index result yields a special case of the Atiyah–Hirzebruch theorem. We also present an example that shows what goes wrong in the absence of our sufficient conditions (and how we get around it for this example).

We prove that any countable non-amenable group $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ admits a free, minimal, amenable, purely infinite action on the non-compact Cantor set. This answers a question of Kellerhals, Monod and Rørdam [Non-supramenable groups acting on locally compact spaces. Doc. Math.18 (2013), 1597–1626].

We realize every small rigid C*-tensor category with simple unit object as Hilbert C*-bimodules.

In the realm of Delone sets in locally compact, second countable Hausdorff groups, we develop a dynamical systems approach in order to study the continuity behavior of measured quantities arising from point sets. A special focus is both on the autocorrelation, as well as on the density of states for random bounded operators. It is shown that for uniquely ergodic limit systems, the latter measures behave continuously with respect to the Chabauty–Fell convergence of hulls. In the special situation of Euclidean spaces, our results complement recent developments in describing spectra as topological limits: we show that the measured quantities under consideration can be approximated via periodic analogs.

In this paper, we perform a detailed spectral study of the liberation process associated with two symmetries of arbitrary ranks: $(R,S)\mapsto (R,U_{t}SU_{t}^{\ast })_{t\geqslant 0}$, where $(U_{t})_{t\geqslant 0}$ is a free unitary Brownian motion freely independent from $\{R,S\}$. Our main tool is free stochastic calculus which allows to derive a partial differential equation (PDE) for the Herglotz transform of the unitary process defined by $Y_{t}:=RU_{t}SU_{t}^{\ast }$. It turns out that this is exactly the PDE governing the flow of an analytic function transform of the spectral measure of the operator $X_{t}:=PU_{t}QU_{t}^{\ast }P$ where $P,Q$ are the orthogonal projections associated to $R,S$. Next, we relate the two spectral measures of $RU_{t}SU_{t}^{\ast }$ and of $PU_{t}QU_{t}^{\ast }P$ via their moment sequences and use this relationship to develop a theory of subordination for the boundary values of the Herglotz transform. In particular, we explicitly compute the subordinate function and extend its inverse continuously to the unit circle. As an application, we prove the identity $i^{\ast }(\mathbb{C}P+\mathbb{C}(I-P);\mathbb{C}Q+\mathbb{C}(I-Q))=-\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{\text{orb}}(P,Q)$.

In this paper, we define the notion of monic representation for the $C^{\ast }$-algebras of finite higher-rank graphs with no sources, and we undertake a comprehensive study of them. Monic representations are the representations that, when restricted to the commutative $C^{\ast }$-algebra of the continuous functions on the infinite path space, admit a cyclic vector. We link monic representations to the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$-semibranching representations previously studied by Farsi, Gillaspy, Kang and Packer (Separable representations, KMS states, and wavelets for higher-rank graphs. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 434 (2015), 241–270) and also provide a universal representation model for non-negative monic representations.

In this paper, we give a complete description of left symmetric points forBirkhoff orthogonality in the preduals of von Neumann algebras. As aconsequence, except for $\mathbb{C}$ , $\ell _{\infty }^{2}$ and $M_{2}(\mathbb{C})$ , there are no von Neumann algebras whose preduals havenonzero left symmetric points for Birkhoff orthogonality.

An ergodic probability measure preserving (p.m.p.) equivalence relation ${\mathcal{R}}$ is said to be stable if ${\mathcal{R}}\cong {\mathcal{R}}\times {\mathcal{R}}_{0}$ where ${\mathcal{R}}_{0}$ is the unique hyperfinite ergodic type $\text{II}_{1}$ equivalence relation. We prove that a direct product ${\mathcal{R}}\times {\mathcal{S}}$ of two ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relations is stable if and only if one of the two components ${\mathcal{R}}$ or ${\mathcal{S}}$ is stable. This result is deduced from a new local characterization of stable equivalence relations. The similar question on McDuff $\text{II}_{1}$ factors is also discussed and some partial results are given.

For a closed subgroup of a locally compact group the Rieffel induction process gives rise to a C*-correspondence over the C*-algebra of the subgroup. We study the associated Cuntz–Pimsner algebra and show that, by varying the subgroup to be open, compact, or discrete, there are connections with the Exel–Pardo correspondence arising from a cocycle, and also with graph algebras.

We study the finite versus infinite nature of C$^{\ast }$-algebras arising from étale groupoids. For an ample groupoid $G$, we relate infiniteness of the reduced C$^{\ast }$-algebra $\text{C}_{r}^{\ast }(G)$ to notions of paradoxicality of a K-theoretic flavor. We construct a pre-ordered abelian monoid $S(G)$ which generalizes the type semigroup introduced by Rørdam and Sierakowski for totally disconnected discrete transformation groups. This monoid characterizes the finite/infinite nature of the reduced groupoid C$^{\ast }$-algebra of $G$ in the sense that if $G$ is ample, minimal, topologically principal, and $S(G)$ is almost unperforated, we obtain a dichotomy between the stably finite and the purely infinite for $\text{C}_{r}^{\ast }(G)$. A type semigroup for totally disconnected topological graphs is also introduced, and we prove a similar dichotomy for these graph $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebras as well.

Let $M$ be a $\text{II}_{1}$ factor and let ${\mathcal{F}}(M)$ denote the fundamental group of $M$. In this article, we study the following property of $M$: for any $\text{II}_{1}$ factor $B$, we have ${\mathcal{F}}(M\,\overline{\otimes }\,B)={\mathcal{F}}(M){\mathcal{F}}(B)$. We prove that for any subgroup $G\leqslant \mathbb{R}_{+}^{\ast }$ which is realized as a fundamental group of a $\text{II}_{1}$ factor, there exists a $\text{II}_{1}$ factor $M$ which satisfies this property and whose fundamental group is $G$. Using this, we deduce that if $G,H\leqslant \mathbb{R}_{+}^{\ast }$ are realized as fundamental groups of $\text{II}_{1}$ factors, then so are groups $G\cdot H$ and $G\cap H$.

We obtain intertwining dilation theorems for non-commutative regular domains 𝒟f and non-commutative varieties 𝒱J in B(𝓗)n, which generalize Sarason and Szőkefalvi-Nagy and Foiaş's commutant lifting theorem for commuting contractions. We present several applications including a new proof for the commutant lifting theorem for pure elements in the domain 𝒟f (respectively, variety 𝒱J ) as well as a Schur-type representation for the unit ball of the Hardy algebra associated with the variety 𝒱J. We provide Andô-type dilations and inequalities for bi-domains 𝒟f ×c 𝒟g consisting of all pairs (X,Y ) of tuples X := (X1,…, Xn1) ∊ 𝒟f and Y := (Y1,…, Yn2) ∊ 𝒟g that commute, i.e. each entry of X commutes with each entry of Y . The results are new, even when n1 = n2 = 1. In this particular case, we obtain extensions of Andô's results and Agler and McCarthy's inequality for commuting contractions to larger classes of commuting operators. All the results are extended to bi-varieties 𝒱J1×c 𝒱J2, where 𝒱J1 and 𝒱J2 are non-commutative varieties generated by weak-operator-topology-closed two-sided ideals in non-commutative Hardy algebras. The commutative case and the matrix case when n1 = n2 = 1 are also discussed.

We prove two results on the tube algebras of rigid C*-tensor categories. The first is that the tube algebra of the representation category of a compact quantum group G is a full corner of the Drinfeld double of G. As an application, we obtain some information on the structure of the tube algebras of the Temperley–Lieb categories 𝒯ℒ(d) for d > 2. The second result is that the tube algebras of weakly Morita equivalent C*-tensor categories are strongly Morita equivalent. The corresponding linking algebra is described as the tube algebra of the 2-category defining the Morita context.

For a C*-algebra A, determining the Cuntz semigroup Cu(A ⊗) in terms of Cu(A) is an important problem, which we approach from the point of view of semigroup tensor products in the category of abstract Cuntz semigroups by analysing the passage of significant properties from Cu(A) to Cu(A)⊗Cu Cu(). We describe the effect of the natural map Cu(A) → Cu(A)⊗Cu Cu() in the order of Cu(A), and show that if A has real rank 0 and no elementary subquotients, Cu(A)⊗Cu Cu() enjoys the corresponding property of having a dense set of (equivalence classes of) projections. In the simple, non-elementary, real rank 0 and stable rank 1 situation, our investigations lead us to identify almost unperforation for projections with the fact that tensoring with is inert at the level of the Cuntz semigroup.

We prove some stability results for certain classes of C*-algebras. We prove that, whenever A is a finite-dimensional C*-algebra, B is a C*-algebra and ϕ: A → B is approximately a *-homomorphism, there is an actual *-homomorphism close to ϕ by a factor depending only on how far ϕ is from being a *-homomorphism and not on A or B.