Throughout the twenty-first century, anti-gender activism in Colombia and across Latin America has demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt and reinvent itself. This article examines a recent transformation in its discursive strategies: the rise of anti-woke and anti-progre as new collective action frames for opposing sexual and reproductive rights, LGBTQ+ rights, and a broader spectrum of progressive policies. Drawing on an analysis of 128 actors involved in anti-gender campaigns and the content they produce in digital spaces, we identify two key tactics driving the spread of anti-woke and anti-progre discourses in Colombia: social media platforms and educational initiatives. By tracing these developments, the article sheds light on the evolving dynamics of anti-gender activism and the actors and strategies shaping their adoption of discursive repertoires.

In recent years, palaeogenomics has significantly advanced our understanding of human population history and evolution. Emerging studies now employ ancient genomic data to explore biological relatedness in archaeological contexts, with a growing number of studies on the topic. These investigations probe, for instance, the role of biological kinship in burial organization and mortuary practices, shedding new light on the complexities of ancient and historical human societies. Our review surveys a few examples of these studies, scrutinizing the methods and interpretations of DNA-based kinship research. We discuss the overlap between biological relatedness and other forms of kinship, acknowledging the complexity of human relationships across time and cultures. Emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration, we advocate for integrating theoretical frameworks from sociocultural anthropology, archaeology, and Indigenous studies into palaeogenomics for a more thorough understanding of kinship in past societies. Additionally, we offer guidance throughout for newcomers venturing into using ancient DNA to study relatedness, reviewing key methodological aspects involved in biological relatedness inference and addressing common misconceptions, potential pitfalls, and methodological limitations.

This essay explores the affinities between Vincenzo Gioberti’s Del primato morale e civile degli italiani (1843) and the constitutional political economy advanced by Adrian Pabst and Roberto Scazzieri in The Constitution of Political Economy: Polity, Society and the Commonweal (2023). Gioberti argued that Italy’s political regeneration required a prior renewal of its moral and civil order, insisting that institutions cannot be legitimate or enduring unless grounded in dispositions, associations and collective vocation. Pabst and Scazzieri similarly reject contractarian and institutionalist accounts of political economy, proposing instead that polity and economy are constituted by interdependencies, proportionality, systemic interests and dispositions. By placing these works in dialogue, the essay highlights convergences in their conception of politics as constitution rather than contract, their emphasis on civil association, their recognition of structural embeddedness and their understanding of persistence and transformation as mutually dependent. At the same time, important divergences are acknowledged: Gioberti’s teleological nationalism and reliance on providential history contrast with the pluralism and secular structural analysis of Pabst and Scazzieri. The comparison suggests that constitutional political economy is best understood as both structural and civil: grounded in coherence, viability and proportionality, but equally dependent on dispositions and collective imagination. In contemporary Europe, where crises of legitimacy, inequality and ecological sustainability prevail, such a civil-structural vision of political economy offers a timely, critical resource for re-thinking the commonweal.

Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) is a polyphagous mealybug species and native to North America, but has spread to Asia and Africa. In this study, we report F. dasylirii for the first time from China using an integrated taxonomy approach combining morphological characters and molecular analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. It was found on 12 tropical fruit species in Hainan Province: Annonaceae: Annona squamosa L. and A. squamosa ‘Purple’; Myrtaceae: Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. and Psidium guajava L.; Malvaceae: Theobroma cacao Linn.; Lecythidaceae: Lecythis pisonis Cambess.; Sapotaceae: Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni and P. sapota (Jacq.) H.E.Moore & Stearn; Rubiaceae: Coffea liberica W. Bull ex Hiern; Cunoniaceae: Davidsonia pruriens F. Muell; Arecaceae: Areca catechu Linn.; Musaceae: Musa nana Lour.; Malpighiaceae: Malpighia emarginata Sesse & Noc.ex DC.; and Phyllanthaceae: Phyllanthus emblica Linn. This record increases the known geographic range of F. dasylirii and underscores the importance of combined morphological and molecular approaches for accurate mealybug identification.

This article examines the ideological and organizational evolution of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the world’s largest Hindu Nationalist organization, in response to the challenges posed by the anti-caste politics in post-Independent India. Focusing on the leadership of Balasaheb Deoras (1915–1996), the third sarsańghacālak of the RSS, it situates the period between 1973 and 1990 as a critical yet understudied period in the history of the Sangh, marked by a significant departure from the organization’s earlier defence of caste hierarchy. Unlike his predecessors, Deoras publicly rejected the caste system in the early 1970s and paved the way for the Sangh to adopt the rhetoric of Sāmājik Samarastā (Social Harmony), which became the central pillar of the Sangh’s engagement with the question of caste in its bid to create a wider Hindu community which posed itself as caste-neutral and caste-assimilative. The article argues that the Sangh’s engagement with caste was neither superficial nor a new feature of its post-2014 avatar. Samarastā helped the Sangh develop a conservative model of caste reform, one that invoked the language of social change without challenging the Brahmanical ideas inherent to its Hindu Nationalism.

Some features of the mathematical passage at Plato, Theaetetus 147d–148b, are presented; the ability of Theaetetus as a definition-maker is thereby assessed.

This paper examines how aesthetics are constructed in technology-mediated musical practice, focusing on the interplay between cultural expectations of AI-generated sounds and the technical structures determining the behaviour of AI algorithms. Through a reconstruction of events in the Surfing Hyperparameters project, we capture how the sonic aesthetics of the system were constructed by negotiating between our sonic expectations (informed by cultural narratives of ghosts in machines) and the sound produced by the system. We argue that the aesthetics of AI-generated sound are often inspired rather than directly caused by the technology itself. While existing research has identified how tools embed ‘paths of least resistance’ towards certain sonic aesthetics, our work reveals a complementary force: how aesthetic expectations rooted in cultural narratives – from science fiction’s stories of autonomous machines to sonic hauntology’s spectral presences – actively shape design decisions and sonic outcomes. Through a radically transparent approach to documenting mismatches between expectation and reality, we show that the stories practitioners tell while building and making music with technology are performative, constructing rather than merely describing aesthetic realities. Addressing these interplays between imagination, expectation and material reality constitutes an important step towards addressing the complex sociotechnical assemblages in which technology-mediated musical practices come into being.

Houses and unilineal descent groups have been treated as different types of social phenomena in socio-cultural anthropology, and as borrowed for analysis of households and settlements in archaeology. This paper contends that houses and lineages, especially those configured by Crow–Omaha kinship terminologies, are better considered as perspectival variants, reflecting differences that are fundamentally synchronic versus diachronic. Crow–Omaha systems and house societies exhibit signal similarities, occupying an intermediate status between kin-based and class-based formations, and evidently derive in an evolutionary sense from prior ‘Iroquois’ or ‘Dravidian’ forms. Setting out the terms in which kinship systems should be considered if they are to serve as useful explanatory analogues for archaeological analysis, the paper then proceeds to examine Lévi-Strauss’s original inspiration for the ‘house’, i.e. societies of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. It is no coincidence, the present paper contends, that Kwakwa̲ka̲’wakw, the archetypal house society is situated adjacent to a Crow-matrilineal series of communities that share a great deal in common with it culturally, as a result of centuries of exchange. In short, the house needs to re-attend to kinship structures, as descent groups need to be reconnected with exchange structures and alliance processes earlier elaborated by Lévi-Strauss.

Evidence-based diet quality screeners that can be completed within a few minutes are suitable tools for evaluating diet quality in time-limited settings; however, no such tool has yet been developed in Japan. This study aimed to develop a screener to assess adherence to the Diet Quality Score for Japanese (DQSJ) and to describe its development process. The DQSJ is a 10-component index that was previously developed. The present study developed questions and assigned scores based on dietary data analysis and evidence on diet-health associations. Dietary data from 392 Japanese adults were analysed to identify the intake of food groups in the DQSJ. The mean intakes of 4-non-consecutive-day dietary records were described for each food group across the consumption frequencies in dietary questionnaires. Questions about sodium intake were derived from a sodium screener. Consequently, the DQSJ screener comprised 12 questions: two for red and processed meat, two for sodium and one for each of the other eight food groups (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, dairy, fish and sugar-sweetened beverages). The screener asked about the number of servings consumed for vegetables, dairy and sugar-sweetened beverages and the consumption frequencies for the other food groups. The maximum scores were assigned with consideration of optimal and feasible consumption for health outcomes. The total DQSJ was calculated by summing all item scores, resulting in a range of 0–30. The DQSJ screener has the potential to facilitate the assessment of diet quality in time-limited settings in Japan; the next step is to examine its validity.

This paper examines the phenomenon of posthumous kinship. In 1951, E.E. Evans-Pritchard introduced us to the possibility that a ghost could be defined as the legal father or mother of a child. Since the time of his writing, this once seemingly ‘exotic’ cultural practice has been brought ‘home’ to Western audiences through the clinical practice of harvesting gametes of recently (or soon to be) deceased individuals for reproductive purposes. Through an examination of several cases in which the dead have been made to ‘father’ or ‘mother’ a child, this paper explores the social and political ramifications of posthumous kinship including what it reveals about shifting Euro-American understandings concerning biological properties (and property), subjectivity, embodiment and the contested boundary between life and death.

Kinship in archaeology has often been understood through a narrow biological lens, privileging genetic relatedness and the nuclear family as the primary unit of social organization. Yet anthropological and ethnographic studies demonstrate that care and child-rearing are widely shared practices that extend beyond parents, involving kin and non-kin alike. This article explores how such forms of cooperative childcare, particularly alloparenting, can be recognized in prehistoric burial contexts. By integrating archaeological, genetic, isotopic and osteological evidence, it argues for a broader interpretation of adult–child co-burials, moving beyond the assumption of direct biological parenthood. A series of Iberian case studies illustrates both the potential and the challenges of detecting fostering, non-parental care and the social significance of children in mortuary practices. Finally, the article introduces the SKIN: Social Kinship and Cooperative Care project, which applies a multi-disciplinary framework to investigate how women and children buried together in Iberia’s later prehistory reveal the diversity of social bonds that shaped communities.

In 250 men (21.4 ± 2.9 years; BMI 24.2 ± 3.0 kg∙m-2) commencing arduous military training during winter, we investigated the effect of 12 weeks vitamin D supplementation on lower body (pelvic girdle, sacrum, coccyx, and lower limb) overuse musculoskeletal injury risk in a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Participants received either simulated sunlight (1.3× standard erythemal dose in T-shirt and shorts, three times per week for 4 weeks and then once per week for 8 weeks), oral vitamin D3 (1000 IU∙d-1 for 4 weeks and then 400 IU∙d-1 for 8 weeks), or placebo for each intervention. Serum vitamin D metabolites and bone metabolism biomarkers were measured at baseline, week 5, and 12. At baseline, 29% of participants were vitamin D sufficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥50 nmol∙L-1). Vitamin D supplementation achieved vitamin D sufficiency in 95% of participants after 4 weeks. During 6 months of training and subsequent 3 years of military service, 100 lower body overuse musculoskeletal injuries were diagnosed by clinicians. Frailty models indicated no difference in injury risk between vitamin D and placebo during military training (HRplacebo:vitamin D = 1.23 [95% CI: 0.57–2.66], P = 0.597) or military service (HRplacebo:vitamin D = 0.94 [95% CI: 0.60–1.46], P = 0.782). Both safe simulated sunlight and oral vitamin D3 were effective in achieving and maintaining vitamin D sufficiency in almost all. There was no clear evidence for vitamin D to affect the risk of lower body overuse musculoskeletal injury during 6 months of military training or subsequent 3 years of military service.

There has been much discussion of various lines of evidence—genetic, bioarchaeological, and cultural–phylogenetic—that indicate patrilineal and patrilocal kinship systems predominated in Neolithic to Bronze Age Europe. These patterns were unique to this time and place, however, and evidence from prior periods and from other regions outside of Europe suggest a broader diversity in kinship systems that was replaced over time. Moreover, practices such as cousin marriage might have emerged in distinct regions, influenced by subsistence strategies and particular lifeways. In considering this diversity, we propose that the patrilineal/patrilocal developments observed in Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Age were a distinctive prehistoric process among livestock herders and agriculturalists who dispersed into this region. Patrilineal kinship spread with these dispersals, as it now appears that matriliny was practised at Neolithic Çatalhöyük and in Iron Age Britain, for example. In this context, we can argue for different kinship systems in continental Europe before, during and after the Neolithic.