Ellen Ann Willmott, although known primarily as a horticulturist, was also an amateur musician and the owner of an important library. As well as containing books on botanical subjects, this library was particularly strong in its early modern musical contents, both manuscript and printed. This article examines the early modern music in Ellen Willmott’s library (which featured composers ranging roughly from Thomas Tallis to Henry Purcell), her collecting habits, and her methods of acquisition. It also evaluates what happened to her library after her death, including the circumstances of its dispersal by auction in 1935, charting the disposal of the more significant items to their various winning bidders. In so doing, it offers a window onto the economics of the music trade — a trade driven by an item’s condition and completeness, and stimulated by the early music revival.

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) recently issued its first rulings on climate change, affirming that the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) requires states to take action. These landmark rulings will profoundly impact both the ECHR and international law. They strike a balance between states’ discretion in regulating climate policy and the human rights protection needed for future generations. However, the ECtHR left several key questions unanswered. More fundamentally, the rulings raise the question of whether a human rights court is the best forum for climate change litigation.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of pilot free trade zones (PFTZs) on local governance quality (LGQ) to provide a reference for driving governance reforms in China. Based on provincial panel data from 2004 to 2020 in China, the impact of the establishment of PFTZs on LGQ is analyzed by employing the multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) method. The results show that the establishment of PFTZs can significantly enhance the governance quality of local governments, but there is heterogeneity in location and establishment batches. PFTZs improve LGQ through the effects of institutional spillover, factor allocation, and talent agglomeration. FDI spillover can partially substitute for promoting the effect of PFTZs on LGQ, and economic growth pressures can distort the positive effect of PFTZs on LGQ. Therefore, policymakers should clarify the functional positioning of PFTZs and leverage their effects, which are institutional spillover, factor allocation, and high-end factor agglomeration, to enhance LGQ.

Scholars have been sharply divided over the legal status of temple cult in the fourth century. This is due to a large body of evidence that appears in some ways to be contradictory. However, insufficient attention has been paid to Libanius’ claim (Or. 30.33–6) that the civic cults of Rome and Alexandria were exempt from the bans that were in effect elsewhere. The hypothesis derived from this testimony is capable of explaining all of the evidence, resolving the apparent contradictions. To simplify the matter somewhat, all aspects of temple cult were legal in Rome and Alexandria until 391, but, except for the period from late 361–c. 366/372, the central ritual of public sacrifice (at a minimum) had been illegal in the rest of the Empire since the latter years of Constantine’s reign.

In this paper the Latinate gentilicia Flavius and Iulius, as well as the rank tribunus with its Punic equivalent, found in the Latino-Punic sub-corpus from the necropolis at Bir ed-Dreder are discussed. The texts date roughly to the mid fourth century AD, and attest to the continued survival of Punic in the Tripolitanian pre-desert, also in an official Roman context. While the inscriptions are difficult to understand, direct Latin influence is limited to these three nouns related to their service in the Roman army. The Roman military rank tribunus could, however, also be rendered in Punic. By all accounts, knowledge of Latin was still at best limited in this region during early Late Antiquity.

Podcasting, with its focus on voices, remains a compelling topic for African studies research, which has historically put orality at the center of the field. Recognizing sparse audience inclusion in existing research on African podcasting, the authors conducted focus groups with listeners in urban Ghana to document consumption practices and attitudes toward this form of new orality. Using the concept “deep listening” drawn from participant comments, the researchers theorize that listeners and producers experience a form of sound-mediated, affective resonance from podcasts that utilize audience collaboration and local sonic aesthetics, linking the affordances of openness and freedom to the medium.

Contemporary historiography of philosophy addresses the philosophy produced in Greek after the Fall of Constantinople and until the Modern Greek Enlightenment through two frameworks: that of post-Byzantine philosophy and that of Corydallism, preceded by a ‘pre-Corydallic’ and followed by a ‘post-Corydallic’ period. Despite their differences, both frameworks posit a continuity of this philosophy with Byzantine philosophy. I argue that the structure and contents of the treatises and handbooks of logic produced in the Heptanese and in Ottoman Greece during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries can by no means be accounted for with reference to Byzantine philosophy.

Depersonalisation (DP) and derealisation (DR) experiences can cause clients and therapists a lot of confusion and anxiety. Therapist confusion has led to the under-recognition of DP and DR symptoms, under-confidence in working therapeutically with this client group and unequal client access to effective cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) interventions. Client confusion has resulted in missed opportunities to engage in meaningful discussions with therapists about their DP and DR experiences and under-confidence that CBT can be of help. This article seeks to provide clarity for clinicians and clients around key misconceptions we have identified from the authors’ clinical experience of using CBT to treat DP/DR, both when presenting as symptoms in the context of other diagnoses and when presenting as a primary depersonalisation derealisation disorder (DDD). In addressing symptom misconceptions, we want to increase clinicians’ confidence when assessing DP and DR. We hope this will lead to productive discussions with clients and the inclusion of these symptoms in clinical formulations. We draw attention to client misconceptions in the hope that this facilitates better therapeutic dialogues about DP and DR and the potential benefit of CBT. Finally, we address therapist misconceptions about the use of CBT with this population in the hope that we can encourage more CBT therapists to work more proactively, confidently and effectively with DP and DR.

Cet article examine l’important rôle du Canada dans le développement du mécanisme de règlement des différends de l’Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce, puis de l’Organisation mondiale de commerce. Face à un système initialement bloqué par le consensus, le Canada a œuvré dès les années 1980 à sa transformation en un cadre plus contraignant, transparent et juridictionnalisé. Ses propositions ont influencé les réformes du cycle de Tokyo, la réforme intérimaire de 1989, et ont été intégrées aux négociations du cycle d’Uruguay. Le Canada a notamment été moteur dans la juridictionnalisation de la procédure de règlement des différends, dans l’instauration du consensus inversé et dans la création d’un organe d’appel. Depuis 1995, le Canada demeure un acteur actif de l’Organe de règlement des différends par sa participation à de nombreux différends et par la présence d’experts canadiens dans les panels et à l’Organe d’appel. Face à la paralysie actuelle de ce dernier, le Canada a initié des solutions provisoires telles que l’Arrangement multipartite pour une procédure arbitrale d’appel provisoire et il continue de jouer un rôle moteur dans les négociations en cours sur la réforme du mécanisme, combinant attachement au multilatéralisme et pragmatisme. Son engagement illustre une volonté constante de défendre un système commercial multilatéral fondé sur la règle de droit et prévisible.

This paper investigates the effects of the German national minimum wage introduction and its subsequent up-rating on job finding rates of unemployed welfare recipients. While the literature is inconclusive on the sign of overall employment effects of the minimum wage, the range of estimates suggests that if effects are negative, they are likely to be rather small. However, such overall effects may mask negative effects on employment prospects of unemployed welfare recipients, who tend to be only loosely attached to the labour market. For the analysis, this paper uses a sample of unemployed welfare recipients based on high-quality administrative data and employs a difference-in-differences strategy by exploiting regional variation in the bite of the minimum wage in order to estimate the effects of the minimum wage. While theoretically ambiguous, estimates show that minimum wages had a beneficial and rather homogeneous impact on job finding rates of unemployed welfare recipients. Sensitivity analyses highlight the robustness of these findings.