We examine how relative exposure to negative economic shocks across racial groups impacts racial animus and voting patterns. Guided by group position theory, we argue that when dominant groups experience greater economic harm than nondominant groups within the same labor markets, racial animus intensifies. In the US context, the historically central boundary between white and Black Americans provides the most meaningful test of this mechanism. Using data from US commuting zones (2000 to 2020), we focus on the impact of the China shock on anti-Black racial animus. We measure relative exposure as the gap in import exposure between white and Black workers. Our findings show that negative economic shocks disproportionately affecting white workers, compared to Black workers, lead to increased anti-Black animus and increased Republican presidential vote share, even when controlling for overall import exposure. Taken together, these findings suggest that it is economic decline relative to another group that generates racial animus and outwardly racist behavior, as well as influences political behavior.

The genus Argyrolobium (Genisteae, Fabaceae) remains taxonomically problematic, exhibiting extensive morphological variation and unresolved phylogenetic relationships. This study presents the first molecular characterization of Argyrolobium roseum (Cambess.) Jaub. & Spach from India, integrating morphological observations with phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ITS and plastid rbcL sequences. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference recovered Argyrolobium as paraphyletic, with A. uniflorum and A. roseum sister to Dichilus + Melolobium, while A. zanonii aligned with the Cytisus–Genista complex. Morphologically, A. roseum differs from the African and Mediterranean species of Argyrolobium by its prostrate habit, few-flowered racemes, glabrous foliage and variable corolla coloration. The present study provides preliminary evidence suggesting possible evolutionary divergence of A. roseum from South African and Mediterranean congeners, highlighting the need for broader taxon and molecular sampling to further clarify relationships within Argyrolobium.

To mark the 10th Anniversary of BJPsych Open, we explore the contributions of papers published in BJPsych Open to advance cultural psychiatry practice and policy. In our overview of papers published in BJPsych Open, we found examples of good practice where authors detailed the translation methods and interpretation models in the research. The task facing clinicians and public health practitioners is to evolve applied, locally relevant, culturally competent interventions in which specific adaptations are shaped by the potential beneficiaries, alongside theoretical and practical issues of cultural adaptation. Researchers and clinicians will need to provide evidence of acceptability and effectiveness of adapted interventions, alongside considering financial and implementation realities.

A political framing of mental health emphasizes political conditions as contributing causal factors to psychiatric conditions. In this paper, I will argue that highlighting political factors matters for three reasons. First, it can further our understanding of the causal genesis and provenance of psychiatric conditions. Second, it can indicate alternative interventions, including those targeting the political sphere or the broader community rather than just the individual. Third, it can point to inadequacies in existing psychiatric diagnoses and reorient clinicians and researchers towards novel diagnostic categories. The case study used to support these claims is the Israeli military occupation of Palestine.

We develop the Tannakian theory of (analytic) prismatic F-crystals on a smooth formal scheme $\mathfrak {X}$ over the ring of integers of a discretely valued field with perfect residue field. Our main result gives an equivalence between the $\mathcal {G}$-objects of prismatic F-crystals on $\mathfrak {X}$ and $\mathcal {G}$-objects on a newly defined category of $\mathbb {Z}_p$-local systems on $\mathfrak {X}_\eta $: those of prismatically good reduction. Additionally, we develop a shtuka realization functor for (analytic) prismatic F-crystals on p-adic (formal) schemes and show it satisfies several compatibilities with previous work on the Tannakian theory of shtukas over such objects.

We argue that repugnance can, in some cases, be strategically used as a resource by some ‘entrepreneurs’ who can use it to advance their own goals. To understand the conditions in which repugnance can be strategically used, we first propose a conceptual framework to characterize repugnance-related transactions and emphasize how concerned individuals devise narratives to manage these situations, increase (or even decrease) artificially their acceptability, and ultimately justify their behaviour. This framework, which combines relational proximity and the strength of social consensus surrounding a transaction, allows for predicting the costs of developing appropriate narratives. Then, we analyse four rationales by which entrepreneurial individuals exploit and use strategically repugnant dimensions. Repugnance can be strategically leveraged as a barrier to entry, a tool for niche differentiation, a mechanism of political and market polarization, and a means of attracting attention, thereby shaping competition, regulation, and visibility across markets and platforms.

Platform firms have disrupted markets and challenged regulatory frameworks, but a new phase is emerging in which governments increasingly regulate these firms and firms engage with regulation strategically. This article examines how interactions between governments and firms shape the employment classification of platform workers. Drawing on case studies of California (United States), Spain, and Denmark, I show that welfare regime characteristics structure the regulatory environment that firms confront, whereas their competitive calculations shape their strategic responses. The analysis identifies three distinct configurations: successful firm override of government initiatives to classify workers as employees, resulting in a hybrid worker category (California); mixed firm responses to government initiatives aimed at employee classification, ultimately leading to universal employee status (Spain); and voluntary employee classification in the absence of specific government mandates (Denmark). These findings challenge assumptions that platform firms uniformly resist regulation and demonstrate how welfare state institutions and firms’ competitive strategies jointly shape worker classification outcomes.

This paper quantitatively examines the effect of globalization on the natural rate of interest in developed economies, including Japan, the US, and the euro area. By incorporating into the model the variables that capture global economic and financial trends, such as demand and supply of safe assets and cross-border spillovers, with a smooth-transition framework, we account for the existence of nonlinear regime change of their coefficients, driven by globalization. Our findings indicate that along with the progress of globalization, (i) the impact of global factors rapidly increased around 2000 and (ii) the commonly observed decline in the natural rate of interest can be largely attributed to these global factors. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating global factors such as demand and supply of safe assets and global spillovers, with their increasing impact, alongside domestic factors such as productivity and demographics, when investigating developments in the natural rate of interest.

Oil palm is a commercially important crop cultivated across 27 tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Due to favorable climatic conditions, oil palm cultivation is concentrated in Southeast Asia, with Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand accounting for approximately 87% of the global palm oil supply. Effective weed management is essential for maintaining oil palm productivity; however, excessive reliance on herbicides has raised concerns regarding herbicide resistance and environmental sustainability. This review evaluates current weed management strategies in oil palm plantations, including chemical, mechanical, cultural, and biological, with an emphasis on integrated weed management (IWM) strategies suitable for Southeast Asian production systems. Particular attention is given to the differing weed management constraints faced by industrial plantations and smallholder producers, including variations in labor availability, operational scale, and access to weed management technologies. Current evidence suggests that combining complementary control tactics, such as integrating mechanical and cultural practices with chemical and biological control methods, offers greater long-term sustainability than reliance on herbicides alone. Individual approaches, however, face significant limitations, including economic constraints, labor shortages, and inconsistent effectiveness, highlighting the importance of integrated strategies. We conclude that adaptive, multi-tactic IWM programs tailored to local production scales will be critical for sustainable weed management in future oil palm production.

Ageing of the population is an ineluctable process with major implications. We review effects of ageing on housing markets and related policy issues. Demographic effects are detectable for housing, with the working population tending to drive prices up while retired groups restrain it but only to a limited degree. The elderly desire bequests and precautionary saving and prefer not to sell or borrow against existing property. Among policy issues are availability of equity extraction loans, transaction costs for elderly households wishing to trade down and factors underlying availability of alternative and more suitable housing for elderly people.

Monotypic taxa, often defined by unique evolutionary histories, disjunct distributions, and narrow ecological niches, are of exceptional conservation importance. Here, we document the rediscovery of Indianthus virgatus (Marantaceae), a Critically Endangered monotypic species, in Sri Lanka after 170 years. Endemic to the Western Ghats–Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot, the species was presumed possibly extinct in the wild in Sri Lanka, with the last known collection made by G.H.K. Thwaites in 1855. During targeted surveys conducted over 2 years, we located a wild population of I. virgatus along the Sitawaka Ganga River in a lowland evergreen forest fragment in Sabaragamuwa Province. Morphological analyses confirmed the species’ identity and revealed hitherto undocumented characteristics, including the presence of 1–3 seeds per fruit. This rediscovery after 170 years highlights the importance of targeted field surveys and the urgent need to conserve this Critically Endangered species under the national biodiversity conservation framework.

This study aimed to determine if habitual intake of key dietary antioxidants, both individually and collectively, is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among U.S. adults, given that oxidative stress heightens cardiovascular and cancer mortality risk. This prospective cohort study analysed 34,955 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2018. Intakes of vitamins A, C, E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids were assessed, and a composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) was calculated. The principal results, from 347,580 person-years of follow-up where 4,456 deaths occurred (1,368 CVD; 1,038 cancer), showed significant associations. Compared with the lowest intake quintile, the highest quintile of vitamin E was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.58–0.83) and CVD mortality (HR: 0.67, 0.48–0.92). High carotenoid intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR: 0.77, 0.67–0.88). Participants in the highest CDAI quintile experienced an 18% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.82, 0.70–0.97) and a 39% lower risk of cancer mortality (HR: 0.61, 0.45–0.84). Dose–response relationships for vitamins A, C, selenium, and zinc were U-or L-shaped, and WQS analyses assigned the greatest weights to vitamin A or C. In conclusion, while individual antioxidants like vitamin E show strong protective associations, the evidence collectively suggests that greater overall antioxidant exposure from a varied diet is linked to materially lower risks of death. This reinforces that focusing on diets rich in diverse antioxidant sources is superior to single-nutrient strategies.