This paper describes the 9-step Collaborative Care Pathway (CCP-9), an innovative approach to delivering recovery-focused community mental health care which has been piloted and implemented in a community-based secondary level service in Ireland over the past 14 years. Care planning is mandated in the Republic of Ireland by the Mental Health Act (2001). Subsequent public policy documents require care planning to have a recovery focus, as outlined in the Quality Framework Document (Mental Health Commission 2023). The CCP-9 is a novel approach to delivering community mental health care in which care planning is embedded as one of a sequence of nine steps in a complete pathway of care from referral to discharge, and which has been adapted over time in line with evolving public policy. The CCP-9 is innovative in explicitly taking a graded approach to assessment, in the emphasis placed on collaborative engagement of service users (SUs) and their families, in the detailed psychosocial assessment undertaken in parallel with diagnostic assessment and in the degree of multidisciplinary team (MDT) involvement. The CCP-9 is coordinated by a key worker, involves prospective identification of personal needs and goals by the SU and enhanced MDT involvement in review of assessments, case formulation, care planning and feedback to SUs and families. The CCP-9 emphasises sharing information, documentation and mental health education with SUs and family members throughout the process, as a necessary support for shared decision-making in developing and implementing the care plan. Challenges to the sustainability of the CCP-9 includes the significant time investment to complete the assessment, care planning and feedback.

Embryo loss during the implantation period is one of the main factors limiting litter size in sows. This study aimed to investigate whether combined supplementation with sodium butyrate (SB), selenium yeast (SeY) and soy isoflavones (SIF) during early pregnancy could improve embryo implantation and consequently increase litter size. 103 Landrace × Yorkshire sows of parity 6–7 were randomly allocated into: (1) control group (n = 56) fed basal diet, and (2) SB-SeY-SIF treatment group (n = 47) supplemented with 0.05% SB, 50 ppm SeY, and 0.02% SIF in the basal diet from pregnancy days 1–28. Serum and fecal samples were collected on pregnancy day 14 and 28. After farrowing, reproductive performance data were recorded for both groups. SB-SeY-SIF supplementation increased the litter size (17.70 vs. 16.46) and the number of normal neonatal piglets (birth weight > 0.7 kg and without malformations, 14.21 vs. 13.23) (P < 0.05). Further analyses demonstrated that SB-SeY-SIF enhanced serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels, improved total antioxidant capacity and the activities of key antioxidant enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, while reduced malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05). Correlation analyses between reproductive performance and differential gut microbiota, and differential serum and fecal metabolites revealed that potential beneficial bacteria (such as Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens) and metabolites associated with blastocyst development and implantation (such as betaine and Prostaglandin I2) were positively correlated with both litter size and normal neonatal piglet numbers (P < 0.05). During early pregnancy, the beneficial effects of dietary SB-SeY-SIF supplementation on increasing litter size and the number of normal neonatal piglets were associated with enhanced steroid hormone synthesis, improved antioxidant capacity, and pronounced alterations in the gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles.

Turán observed that logarithmic partial sums $\sum_{n\le x}{f(n)}/{n}$ of completely multiplicative functions (in the particular case of the Liouville function $f(n)=\lambda(n)$) tend to be positive. We develop a general approach to prove two results aiming to explain this phenomena.

Firstly, we show that there exist constants $C, x_0\ge 1,$ such that for any completely multiplicative function f satisfying $-1\le f(n)\le 1$, we have

\begin{equation*}\sum_{n\le x}\frac{f(n)}{n}\ge -\frac{C(\log\log\log{x})^2}{(\log\log{x})}, \quad x\ge x_0.\end{equation*}

$f:\mathbb{N}\to \{-1,1\}$

$\sum_{n\le x}{f(n)}/{n}$

$O(\exp(-\exp({\log x\cdot \log\log\log x}/{C\log \log x}))).$

How do bankers treat green firms? Using unique loan application and banker preference data from a mid-sized bank, we find that customer managers, serving as front-line bankers, give more favorable recommendations to green firms, especially when they hold green values themselves. However, a minority of environmentally skeptical loan officers, aware through internal training that customer managers generally have greener preferences, counter this by downgrading positive evaluations of green firms. Despite not knowing the customer manager’s identity, these officers use their discretion to mitigate what they perceive as green biases, demonstrating the significant moderating role of superiors within the bank’s hierarchy.

The diversity and stability of the gut microbiota, along with various microbial and host–microbe interactions, are crucial factors in maintaining a healthy state. In this study, a total of 12 healthy 1–2 years old cats of similar weight were recruited and divided into two groups according to the experimental design and breed: the British shorthair (BS) group and the nulla luctus felis (NLF) group. After 21 days of the same diet, we analyzed and compared the gut microbiota of BS and NLF. Our results showed that the values of the serum biochemical indicators of the BS and NLF selected for this experiment were within the normal range. The Venn diagram showed that the two groups had 310 common operational taxonomic units. Significant differences in beta diversity (P < 0.05), but not in alpha diversity (P > 0.05), distinguished the two groups. Comparative analysis revealed the NLF group was enriched in Lactobacillus and Bacillus, but depleted in Enterococcus at the genus level (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 59 taxa were established as biomarkers based on a linear discriminant analysis score greater than 3.5. According to PICRUSt2 function analyses, the BS group and NLF group had a ratio of 77.11% and 76.55% for metabolism at level 1, respectively. At level 3, the NLF group significantly increased 15 metabolism pathways, while decreasing 13 metabolism pathways (P < 0.05). Finally, NLF-P1, which was screened from the feces of NLF, exhibited a good antibacterial effect on three strains of pet-associated pathogens, and the evolutionary tree was constructed to show that it may be Lactobacillus paracasei or Lactobacillus casei. In conclusion, there were significant differences in intestinal microbiota composition between BS and NLF, and NLF-P1 has research and application potential.

The end-Triassic mass extinction (ETME) was one of the most severe biotic crises of the Phanerozoic, driven by environmental changes linked to Central Atlantic Magmatic Province volcanism. While the ETME is a well-studied event, its expression in organic-walled phytoplankton, particularly acritarchs, remains relatively unexplored. Palynological analysis of the Prees 2 borehole, NW England (West Midlands), spanning from the upper Rhaetian to the lower Sinemurian, reveals exceptionally diverse aquatic palynomorph assemblages. The aquatic palynological assemblages, in the context of ammonite, miospore and lithostratigraphic data, show how phytoplankton communities responded to stress and subsequent stabilization. In the upper Rhaetian, the dominance of xerophytic coniferous pollen reflects warm, semi-arid palaeoenvironmental conditions, while euryhaline palynomorphs are in a nearshore environment. Subsequent phases show increased terrestrial humidity as evidenced by the palynoflora, coinciding with reduced aquatic diversity in an assemblage adapted to low-oxygen conditions. The base of the Hettangian is marked by sustained Cheirolepidiaceae dominance and a transition from short-spined Micrhystridid occurrences (reflecting low-oxygen conditions) progressing to an increased aquatic morphological diversity phase. This latter phase includes alterations in acritarch assemblages and the proliferation of dinoflagellate cysts, indicating a shift from a proximal shallow-water to a shelf palaeoenvironmental setting. Our findings demonstrate that acritarchs are valuable indicators of palaeoenvironmental change, capturing transient ‘bloom’ phases linked to post-extinction instability and offering new insights into Early Jurassic palaeoecology and recovery following the ETME.

In this article, we generalize Andrews’ partitions separated by parity to overpartitions in two ways. We investigate the generating functions for $16$ overpartition families whose parts are separated by parity, and we prove various q-series identities for these functions. These identities include relations to modular forms, q-hypergeometric series, and mock modular forms.

Specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV) is a persistent, excessive fear of vomiting that is more prevalent in females, often begins in childhood and typically lasts 25 years before treatment is sought. It is a relatively neglected area of research, with most evidence consisting of single case studies. There are implications for the perinatal period, in particular the experience of pregnancy which for many involves symptoms of nausea and vomiting. However, there is a paucity of research on the experience of SPOV during pregnancy and currently no published treatment research. This study aimed to extend the existing literature by applying Veale’s (2009) protocol for SPOV to a pregnant client in her twenties. The intervention consisted of 12 one-hour face-to-face sessions and was effective in significantly reducing anxiety (GAD-7 reduced from 7 to 0), depression (PHQ-9 reduced from 6 to 1), impaired functioning (WSAS reduced from 20 to 4) and vomiting phobia (SPOVI reduced from 40 to 0).

Key learning aims

1. (1) To understand the impact of SPOV during pregnancy.

2. (2) To understand how to adapt Veale’s (2009) SPOV treatment protocol for a pregnant client.

3. (3) To learn how to carry out behavioural experiments and imagery rescripting related to SPOV during pregnancy.

We prove rigidity and gap theorems for self-dual and even Poincaré-Einstein metrics in dimension four. As a corollary, we give an obstruction to the existence of self-dual Poincaré-Einstein metrics in terms of conformal invariants of the boundary and the topology of the bulk. As a by-product of our proof, we identify a new scalar conformal invariant of three-dimensional Riemannian manifolds.

This article places the nearly forgotten local tour guides at the forefront of the studies of Victorian travel and travel writing on semicolonial China, showing how mediating agents shaped and disrupted cross-cultural writing and history with their relational identities. It contextualizes British and American travel writing on the Five Hundred Genii Temple (in Chinese, the Hualin Temple) from 1849 to 1912 within the intertwined relations between travel writers and guides, in the local socio-spatial condition of Guangzhou (then Canton) and under the travel-to-tourism transition in China. The role played by earlier foreign expatriate guides shifted from introducers to coordinators, leading to travelers’ nuanced local understandings that challenged the temple’s presumed otherness. Later authoritative Cantonese guides manipulated local interactions, reviving stereotypical images among the tourists. The guides appropriated metropolitan baggage of the guided in different ways, cowriting the travel writing and the cross-cultural history it implied. Being mediating agents in the travel as a process of encounter with otherness, the guides significantly altered the encounter while sometimes becoming themselves the focal Other in the writing.

We study a model in which rational agents decide whether or not to commit a crime based on a utility calculation, influenced by a judge who sets a society-wide threshold corresponding to the likelihood of an individual being found guilty and a legislator who sets a society-wide punishment level. We study how the overall crime rate is influenced by the judge’s threshold and the legislator’s punishment level, propose an objective function for the judge and legislator to minimise, and study the optimal threshold and punishment levels for this objective. We then consider the case in which the overall society is subdivided into multiple groups with varying characteristics, introducing a constraint on fairness in treatment between the groups. We study how an optimal threshold and punishment level might be chosen under this fairness constraint, what ramifications the constraints have on outcomes for individuals, and under what circumstances the constrained optimum agrees with the unconstrained optimum.