The letters between Sparta and Judaea preserved in 1 Maccabees and Josephus’ Antiquities have generated considerable scholarly discussion. Only Josephus’ version of Areus’ letter to Onias includes information about its courier Demoteles, its ‘square’ script and the image on its seal. Comparison with contemporary Hellenistic epigraphical evidence suggests that these elements are archival metadata rather than parts of the original letter or Josephan inventions. Similar clauses attested in documents inscribed in several Hellenistic cities are remnants of archival processes, and the presence of such details in Josephus’ version of Areus’ letter suggests that it derives from an independent source and never underwent the translation process so evident in the Maccabean versions. This strengthens the case for authenticity.

Predatory journals have become omnipresent in academia. Hardly a day goes by that a political scientist does not receive a solicitation from a dubious outlet. Yet, we have neither clearly identifiable criteria to help us recognize predatory journals nor the tools to detect them. This article seeks to remedy this situation. We propose and validate a 10-item predation index, which should help researchers to identify the degree to which a journal is predatory. Even if there is individual subjectivity in the application of the criteria, we believe that the predation index can be a strong and easily usable tool for political and social scientists.

Mesolithic hunter-fisher-gatherers manufactured many kinds of composite tools, among them a variety of adzes and axes with antler, bone, stone or wood heads and other insets. The adzes and axes were constructed from two or three parts, sometimes including a fixed or a separate one- or two-part intermediate piece between handle and blade. These sleeves were made of different raw materials and shapes. This paper presents new results on wooden sleeves, especially the one-part sockets, which seem to have been used exclusively by the Mesolithic and Neolithic foraging cultures in Europe. Sleeves from 15 sites in Germany, Latvia, Poland and Russia are described and discussed. Attention is drawn to the use of roots and burrs (burls) which were utilised for the sleeves, illustrating the detailed technical and material knowledge of these post-glacial populations.

Two new species of giant lacewings (Neuroptera: Polystoechotidae) are described from Ypresian Okanagan Highlands localities in western North America: Palaeopsychops goodwini sp. nov. and Palaeopsychops barthae sp. nov., both from Republic, Washington, United States of America, and a less well-preserved specimen is treated as Palaeopsychops sp. indet., the first occurrence of the family at McAbee, British Columbia, Canada. These share distinctive wing colouration – dark with a single pale, broad fascia mid-wing.

This study identifies P–O (person–organization) fit as a key construct affecting employee citizenship fatigue, affective commitment, and turnover intention. We use the conservation of resources theory to explain how citizenship fatigue, the unintended by-product of organizational citizenship behavior, mediates the relationship between P–O fit and key employee outcomes. The conceptual model was tested on a sample of 206 employees from the United States, obtained through a two-phase survey. The empirical results strongly suggest that citizenship fatigue mediates the relationship between P–O fit, turnover intention, and affective commitment. While P–O fit’s positive effects are well documented in organizational behavior research, this study highlights the dark side of citizenship behaviors in predicting costly individual-level and organizational consequences. We conclude by discussing some practical and theoretical implications of our research findings, while considering the relevance of stress and fatigue given the increasingly fast-paced and pluralistic work environment.

This study analyzes Turkey’s political landscape by harnessing computational social science techniques to parse extensive data about public ideologies from the Politus database. Unlike existing theoretical frameworks that focus on the ideologies of political elites and cadres, this study examines public ideologies in a contentious political manner. Exploiting an artificial intelligence-based data generation pipeline on digital traces, it distills the eight most prevalent ideologies down to the city level and employs exploratory statistical analyses. Principal component analysis delineates two fundamental axes: the traditional left–right political spectrum and a separate spectrum of secular–religious inclination, encompassing both political and cultural dimensions. Then, cluster analysis reveals three distinct groups: left-leaning and religiously inclined; center-right-leaning and religiously inclined; and those with a center-right-leaning focus and a pronounced secular orientation. The outcomes provide valuable insights into the political and cultural axes within political society, offering a clearer understanding of the most recent ideological and political climate in Turkey.

Membrane aerofoils are used for the design of small unmanned air vehicles which have gained interest in the past few years. This paper deals with the nonlinear uncertain aeroelastic analysis of an elastically supported membrane aerofoil. The uncertainties in the aerofoil aerodynamic coefficients are estimated due to five uncertain input parameters, which are the initial tension coefficient, the membrane elastic modulus, the stiffness coefficients of the two supporting springs at the trailing edge and the leading edge, and the fifth parameter is the free stream angle-of-attack. Both static uncertain aeroelasticity and dynamic aeroelasticity for a sinusoidal gust loading are considered. A detailed novel parametric analysis is performed to assess the effect of each parameter. The analysis is carried out using a nonlinear aeroelastic finite element method, which is based on the Theodorsen’s unsteady aerodynamics theory. The polynomial chaos expansion method is used for the uncertainty quantification process and for the sensitivity analysis. Also, the Karhunen-Loéve expansion is used to model the random field of the elastic modulus. The interesting results of the analysis show that the effect of each uncertain input depends on the values of the other parameters and that the initial tension is the key parameter. The type of the probability density functions (or histograms) of the aerodynamic coefficients can vary from a Gaussian distribution to an exponential-like distribution.

The rapid growth of civil aviation has posed significant challenges to air traffic management (ATM), highlighting the need for accurate aircraft trajectory prediction (TP). Due to the scarcity of relevant data and the resulting class imbalance in the sample, aircraft TP under severe weather conditions faces significant challenges. This paper proposes an aircraft TP method framework consisting of trajectory data augmentation and TP networks to address this issue. To validate the effectiveness of this framework in solving the TP problem in severe weather, we propose an improved conditional tabular generative adversarial networks (CTGAN)-long short-term memories (LSTMs) hybrid model. We conduct comparative experiments of four LSTM-based models (LSTM, convolutional neural network (CNN)-LSTM, CNN-LSTM-attention, and CNN-BiLSTM) under this framework. The improved CTGAN is also compared with the commonly used data augmentation method, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). The results show that the TP accuracy can be effectively improved by enhancing the minority-class sample data; compared with SMOTE, the improved CTGAN is more suitable for minority-class sample data augmentation for aircraft TP, and it also shows that for minority-class sample data augmentation, data distribution characteristics are more important than the simple trajectory point accuracy. The hybrid modeling approach with the improved CTGAN as the data augmentation network proposed in this study provides valuable insights into addressing the data imbalance problem in aircraft TP.

Aeroelastic analyses are part of the design of modern propeller blades. Most of the time, advanced numerical simulations are used, involving computational fluid dynamics. However, the coupling between fluid and structure may be missing. In this paper, two coupled fluid-structure interaction methods are presented, namely the modal time-marching and the quasi-static approach. An in-house aeroelastic tool, analysing an in-house blade design, is used. A limited number of experiments are available, and this was alleviated using new experiments as part of the Numerical and Experimental Study of Propeller Aeroelasticity project. In this work, 3D finite element models (FEM) were used to represent the blade structure. Time-marching and quasi-steady results were compared, and this is the first time that this is reported in the literature. It was found that regardless of the differences in the aerodynamic loads between time-marching and quasi-static computations, the final blade deformations were comparable. Time-marching computations using a modal representation of the blade, obtained from 3D FEM, showed that the blade deformation and vibration were driven by the stalled flow. This observation was verified by comparing the blade response with the flow off-the-blade. The harmonic content of the results includes the propeller blade passing frequency and its natural frequencies, but also additional frequencies related to the flow shedding and vortical content of the stalled part of the blade. To the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported in the open literature.

Este artículo presenta un resumen de los resultados más sobresalientes de las últimas cuatro temporadas de excavación y dos temporadas de mapeo y recorrido sistemático en el sitio de Cerro Jazmín, ubicado en la Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, México. Los trabajos arqueológicos nos han permitido documentar un importante asentamiento urbano que se remonta al Formativo tardío (300 aC) y un período inicial de florecimiento urbano del 300 aC al 300 dC. Nuestras excavaciones hasta ahora apuntan a un período de declive poblacional durante la época Clásica y a una renovada ocupación Posclásica iniciando alrededor del año 1000 dC. Se resumen los resultados de excavaciones en espacios monumentales y públicos, así como de espacios domésticos y posibles áreas de producción y almacenamiento. Se cuenta ahora con una muestra de 65 individuos cuyos datos bioarqueológicos e isotópicos nos permiten saber sobre la salud, dieta y aspectos de la calidad de vida en la antigua ciudad.

We expand the study of generic stability in three different directions. Generic stability is best understood as a property of types in $NIP$ theories in classical logic. In this article, we make attempts to generalize our understanding to Keisler measures instead of types, arbitrary theories instead of $NIP$ theories, and continuous logic instead of classical logic. For this purpose, we study randomization of first-order structures/theories and modes of convergence of types/measures.

Strategists seek a competitive advantage by balancing legitimacy and novelty; however, each approach has distinct risks and trade-offs. Some firms take on too much risk and eventually fail, while other firms only seek risk-averse alternatives that appear to promote safety and optimal long-term performance. We question whether those decisions must be mutually exclusive. We generated and applied two generic strategy rationales to the results of a professional sports gambling pool. One rationale mirrored best practices, and the other included one minor adaptation, balancing risk and novelty. Our findings suggest profit potential for both approaches but deviating from the norm – occasionally and systematically – produced better outcomes. We demonstrate how industry-based best practices can serve as a foundation for rational decision-making and strategy development, thereby limiting potential adverse outcomes. However, savvy strategists should learn when and how to deviate from conventional wisdom to create more value for their firms.

The policy shifts the United States is facing as of late are creating a changing landscape for workers and organizations. These policy shifts are also impacting how industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology professors engage with pedagogy and politics in the classroom and training. Our policy brief emphasizes using policy shifts to support skill building around critical thinking and evidence-based decision making, thereby promoting classroom and training environments that empower the next generation. In this article, we discuss these implications and recommendations for I-O professors (including instructors, faculty, and others responsible for teaching and training the next generation of workers and I-O professionals). We call on I-O professors to intentionally engage with policy shifts in the classroom, emphasize evidence-based practice and provide opportunities to develop these skills, and support I-O advocacy. We recognize that these efforts are not without challenge, and we provide recommendations to reduce the burden on I-O professors and students when critically engaging with this content. Finally, we highlight several sources, including Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP), that provide information on navigating and understanding the ongoing policy shifts.

For every , we prove a $C^r$-connecting lemma for Lorenz attractors. To be precise, for a Lorenz attractor of a $3$-dimensional $C^r$ ($r\geq 2$) vector field, a heteroclinic orbit associated to the singularity and a critical element can be created through arbitrarily small $C^r$-perturbations. As an application, we show that for $C^r$-dense geometric Lorenz attractors, the Dirac measure of the singularity is isolated inside the space of ergodic measures, and thus, the ergodic measure space is not connected, while for $C^r$-generic geometric Lorenz attractors, the space of ergodic measures is path connected with dense periodic measures. In particular, the generic part proves a conjecture proposed by C. Bonatti [11, Conjecture 2] in $C^r$-topology for Lorenz attractors.

In this article, the authors establish an extension-restriction theorem between homogeneous weighted Besov spaces and weighted mixed-Riesz potential spaces. This general frame covers both the classical Besov spaces and their logarithmic analogs.

Pythagoras and Empedocles, the earliest pre-Socratic thinkers associated with the doctrine of metempsychosis, are both said to have accounted for their own previous incarnations. This article focuses on lists of their previous lives, here dubbed curriculum uitarum (CVV), and argues that they are revealing not only of the specifics of how metempsychosis is conceptualized by each thinker but also of the way in which they harness poetic authority. The article surveys all the surviving permutations of Pythagoras’ CVV across the tradition and identifies an interplay of different modes of enumeration within them: lists of named human individuals vs lists of life forms. The latter mode is what also defines Empedocles’ much-cited ‘epigram’ (B117 DK) on his past incarnations. Both CVVs are informed by strategic borrowings from Homer: while Empedocles’ list draws on the characterisation of the Iliad’s Nestor and the Odyssey’s Proteus, Pythagoras’ CVV is defined by the constant presence of the Trojan warrior Euphorbus. As is argued, this originates in the nexus of philosophical speculation and poetical exegesis which accrued around Euphorbus’ short-lived but memorable appearance in the Iliad. In-depth engagement with Homer and Homeric exegesis is thus shown to generate philosophical innovation and to form a strong link between the Pythagorean and Empedoclean teachings on metempsychosis.

We are concerned with the following coupled Schrödinger system with a Hardy potential in the critical case

\begin{align*}\begin{cases}-\Delta u_{i}-\frac{\lambda_{i}}{|x|^2}u_{i}=|u_i|^{2^*-2}u_i+\sum_{j\neq i}^{3}\beta_{ij}|u_{j}|^{\frac{2^*}{2}}|u_i|^{\frac{2^*}{2}-2}u_i, ~x\in \mathbb{R}^N,\\u_i\in D^{1,2}(\mathbb{R}^N),\,\, N\geq 3,\,\, i=1,2,3,\end{cases}\end{align*}

$2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}$

$\lambda_i\in (0,\Lambda_N), \Lambda_N:= \frac{(N-2)^2}{4}$

$\beta_{ij}=\beta_{ji}$

$\beta_{ij} \gt 0$

$\beta_{i_{1}j_{1}} \gt 0$

$\beta_{i_{2}j_{2}} \lt 0$

$(i_{1}, j_{1})$

$(i_{2}, j_{2})$

$\beta_{ij}\ge0$

$N\ge5$

$\beta_{ij} \gt 0$

$N=3,4$

$N=3, 4$

$N\geq 5$

$N\geq 5$

$N\ge5$

Can desires be irrational? This paper focuses on the possibility that desires might be irrational because they fail to cohere with other mental states of the person in question. Recent literature on structural irrationality has largely neglected structural requirements on desire, and this paper begins to rectify that neglect. This paper endorses various rational requirements on desire, but primarily focuses on the instrumental requirement to desire the means to our ends. It explains how this requirement should be understood, and defends it from numerous objections, such as the worry that there are no real instrumental desires but only combinations of ultimate desires and beliefs, and the worry that it would require us to desire even very foolish means to our ends.