Although polar fungi Pseudogymnoascus spp. are known to produce specialized metabolites (SMs) with wide-ranging potential for the pharmaceuticals industry, there is limited knowledge on the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) involved. Therefore, this study aims to search for BGCs based on the whole-genome sequences (WGSs) of Antarctic Pseudogymnoascus griseus (strain AKSP4) and Arctic Pseudogymnoascus australis (strain HNDR4) that were sequenced with the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform and assembled de novo. The genome size produced for P. griseus (strain AKSP4) was 35.6 Mb with 2172 contigs, whereas the genome size produced for P. australis (strain HNDR4) was 32.0 Mb with 586 contigs. Totals of 58 and 51 BGC regions were predicted for P. griseus (strain AKSP4) and P. australis (strain HNDR4), respectively. Four putative regions were found to be similar to those of choline, swainsonine, trichobrasilenol and geodin, which have antibacterial, anticancer and insecticidal activities that are valuable for the biotechnological industry. The BGCs reported here could potentially help narrow down the gene regions to be investigated for the characterized SMs of interest and elucidate their biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, the WGSs produced provide useful reference genomes for assembling other polar Pseudogymnoascus strains. The present study is the first to report the occurrence of P. australis within the Arctic region. Overall, this study highlights the potential of polar fungi and their genomic information as sources for novel compounds in the biotechnological industry.

This paper investigates the epistemic, affective and ethical power of images in psychiatric care, building on Binswanger’s existential morphologies. It argues that images occupy an intermediate space between sensation and concept, offering a path to reflection while preserving contact with lived experience. Unlike abstract conceptual thought, images are fluid, metamorphic forms of sensation that serve as co-produced figures of understanding in the therapeutic encounter, mediating between patient and clinician. Crucially, the paper advocates an ‘and-both’ framework: concepts are vital for communication between clinicians, but images are indispensable for engaging with the patient’s lived world. However, images are vulnerable to degeneration – from imagination to persuasion, and from living symbol to rigid cliché or delusion. The vitality of care rests on keeping these images alive, dialogical and open to transformation. A psychiatry grounded in imaginal thinking evolves beyond mere classification into a poetics of recognition, where healing arises from the shared creation of meaning between two embodied presences.

Integrated weed management combines cultural practices with herbicides to achieve sustainable weed control while reducing dependence on chemical inputs. However, limited information is available on how these practices interact to optimize weed suppression and minimize yield loss in peanut. Field studies were conducted in 2023 and 2024 to evaluate the effect of tillage systems (conventional or strip-tillage), planting dates (late April, mid-May, or early June), and three herbicide programs on weed management in peanut. Densities of red spiderling and Benghal dayflower were reduced by more than 50% with conventional tillage compared with strip-tillage 28 d after preemergence herbicides were applied. In contrast, sicklepod was not affected by tillage system. Without preemergence herbicides, crowfoot grass and goosegrass densities were more than 60% greater where strip-tillage was practiced, although herbicides minimized these differences. Broadleaf weed biomass was also reduced with conventional tillage but it had no effect on grass biomass following a herbicide application at mid-postemergence. Peanut planted in late April or mid-May had lower Benghal dayflower and grass densities than early June plantings, while planting date did not influence red spiderling or sicklepod density. Flumioxazin applied alone provided ≥80% weed control, and adding diclosulam improved control of Benghal dayflower, but not red spiderling, crowfoot grass, goosegrass, or sicklepod. Yields were similar between tillage systems when a full array of herbicides were applied; however, conventional tillage with reduced herbicide input yielded 23% more than strip-tillage. Overall, conventional tillage allows greater herbicide reduction than strip-tillage, and planting in late April or early May optimizes weed suppression and peanut yield compared with planting in early June.

While sonority has been studied by linguists for over a century, Parker (2008, 2011) has recently argued that the sonority hierarchy can be quantified specifically by intensity, concluding that laterals are less sonorous than flaps. In this article, we test Parker’s (2008, 2011) claim that [l] is less sonorous than [ɾ]. We find that for Bavarian German, [l] is better analyzed as more sonorous than [ɾ] since [l] is both more intense and longer in duration than [ɾ]. The aforementioned phonetic properties, as well as the phonological patterning arguments provided by Noelliste (2019), confirm that [ɾ] is less sonorous than [l] in Bavarian German dialects found in Austria. We conclude by offering our thoughts on whether the sonority hierarchy can be reduced to one specific phonetic property. We argue that, in the spirit of studies such as Price (1980), Miller (2012), phonological sonority can be deduced from a series of properties, including at least the following: intensity, duration, periodicity, presence/absence of noise, and distribution in the phonological syllable. For a great number of speech sounds, these properties will point in the same direction; the challenging cases arise when one or more of these properties contradict each other.

Dormancy and germination determine when and where plants recruit, and their occurrence reflects current environmental conditions as well as the evolutionary history of the species. As such, they are central to predicting how plants will respond to climate change. Here, we examined dormancy and germination responses in 21 species and subspecies representing four major and endemic Australian plant groups (Eucalyptus, Callistemon, Brachyscome and Deyeuxia). Seeds were collected along an elevational gradient (31–1,822 m a.s.l.), focusing on contrasting high- and low-elevation species. To assess physiological dormancy, seeds were subjected to two pretreatments: soaking in deionized water (control) or gibberellic acid (250 ppm) for 8 hours. Seeds were then incubated across six constant temperatures (5–30°C) to quantify germination responses and thermal niches. High-elevation species exhibited stronger dormancy than lowland species, although responses to dormancy-breaking treatments were group-specific, reflecting phylogenetic differences. High-elevation species generally germinated more at warmer temperatures (20–30°C) and less at cooler temperatures (10–15°C), whereas lowland species showed broader thermal niches, with germination across most tested temperatures. These results indicate that elevation-related climatic conditions shape dormancy and germination traits, with implications for species persistence and distribution under climate change.

Longitudinal, Indigenous-led research integrated with community-controlled continuity of care can improve and support perinatal outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families in Australia. Across the past 35 years, seven cohorts have contributed complementary insights from pregnancy through early childhood with varying geographic reach and appropriate Indigenous governance. This paper discusses each of these cohorts and how these studies across pregnancy, birth and some continuing through early childhood, have substantially added to the body of knowledge related to perinatal health needs for women. Early cohorts (e.g., MUSP; Raine) advanced life‑course epidemiology but had low Indigenous representation, limiting perinatal inference for these communities. The Aboriginal Birth Cohort achieved exceptional long‑term retention and partnerships and from the late 2000s, Gomeroi gaaynggal enabled causation analyses using biomarkers. Finally, systems initiatives such as PANDORA and BiOC demonstrate successes with culturally safe pathways and Indigenous‑governed continuity models. Evidence suggests the approaches undertaken in the perinatal period must ensure the voices of Indigenous people are paramount particularly when care and research is being delivered to communities. Lessons learned from these cohorts highlight that Indigenous governance and workforce, co‑design and community‑embedded engagement enhance retention, relevance and translation; registries and continuity models deliver measurable outcome gains. The depth of knowledge identified in life-course research for Indigenous women can significantly add to the standard data collection tools used by state and national services.

Tennenbaum’s theorem states that PA does not admit any nonstandard computable model. In 2022, Pakhomov proved that this theorem is fragile in regards to how PA is expressed, by constructing a theory that is definitionally equivalent to PA (roughly: “it’s PA but with a different choice of signature”) for which there is a computable nonstandard model. He showed that this fragility does not extend to true arithmetic (any nonstandard model of a theory definitionally equivalent to Th(N) is not computable), but the question of whether this fragility extends to fragments of PA of intermediate strength was left open. We show that it does, by constructing a sequence of theories $T^n$ which are definitionally equivalent to: “PA plus all $\Pi _n$ truths,” all of which admit computable nonstandard models. In the process, we produce a general-purpose theorem for strong jump inversion. Besides applying this theorem to obtain our novel result, we show that several known results from the literature can be seen as direct applications of our theorem.

How do media systems shape which interests are heard in AI policy debates? We analyze 37,954 articles published between 2018 and 2024 in eight leading newspapers from Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, using a large language model to identify the organizations cited and to classify the tone of their coverage. Three patterns stand out. First, economic actors dominate everywhere, appearing in roughly 85 per cent of articles, but liberal systems give noticeably more space to NGOs, academics and trade unions than polarized-pluralist ones. Second, the cross-national diversity gap does not come from how individual articles are composed; it comes from how often newsrooms publish multi-source stories at all. Third, sourcing profiles diverge across outlets in liberal systems and converge in polarized-pluralist ones, suggesting that market competition matters more than ideological alignment for editorial differentiation. Trade unions, notably, slip into negative territory in Spain.

This paper examines the intonational characteristics of information-seeking yes-no questions in Galician, a Romance language spoken in Northwestern Spain. Data from 20 Galician-Spanish bilingual speakers were collected via an interactive communicative task and analyzed acoustically in Praat following Spanish ToBI conventions. The examination of nuclear configurations (nuclear pitch accent and the final boundary tone) showed that yes-no questions were realized primarily with final falls (57%), although final rises were also prevalent (43%). The most frequent nuclear configurations were L+H* H% (44%), H+L* L% (36%), and L* H% (9%). Statistical analysis showed that gender, age and language dominance significantly impacted the realization of nuclear configurations in Galician. Specifically, final falling contours were significantly more frequent in women, in older speakers, and in Galician-dominant participants. On the other hand, final rising contours were significantly more frequent in men, in younger speakers, and in Spanish-dominant participants. Our findings showed a higher incidence of final rising contours in Galician yes-no questions than in previous studies, which could stem from increased contact with standard Castilian Spanish and potentially indicate a change in progress.

This article examines how domestic pension fund equity investment relates to productivity in unlisted firms, using detailed ownership data linked to Danish administrative registers. Pension fund entry is associated with a 3%–5% higher level of productivity in the years following entry. The association is stronger when pension funds hold larger stakes, invest for longer, and are closer in the ownership chain. Pension fund entry is also associated with a subsequent increase in the number of a firm’s additional investors. We find no investment productivity association for listed firms.

Mainstream artificial intelligence (AI) ethics, with its reliance on top-down, principle-driven frameworks, often fails to account for the situated realities of diverse communities affected by AI. Critics have therefore argued that AI Ethics increasingly serves corporate interests through practices of “ethics washing,” operating as a tool for public relations rather than a means of preventing harm or advancing the common good. In response, this paper adopts a Science and Technology Studies perspective to interrogate AI Ethics itself as a matter of concern. This perspective brings into view a core tension between vertical approaches (external, top-down, principle-based) and horizontal approaches (from-within, risk-mitigating, implementation-oriented). By tracing how these models have shaped the discourse, we show their relevance, as well as their limitations. To move beyond these limitations, we propose a third model that integrates empirical research on local lifeworlds with explicit value commitments. We outline this empirical approach through four shifts: first, a transition from top-down reasoning toward empirical grounding; second, a transition from abstract principles to situated orders of worth; third, a proposal to operate across scales by attending to assemblages of concern; and fourth, a redirection from risk mitigation toward the cultivation of technologies of hope.

Adequate nutritional knowledge (NK) is an essential aspect of team sport athletes (TSA) meeting their nutritional requirements, yet limited research has examined the NK of TSA using validated tools. This study aimed to assess the NK of male and female TSA using the validated Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ) which was administered via the online platform REDCap. A total of 920 athletes (male n = 576 [62.6%], female n = 344 [37.4%]) from a range of sports including, Gaelic football n = 576 (62.6%), hurling & camogie n = 133 (14.5%), rugby n = 107 (11.6%) and soccer n = 104 (11.3%) completed the study. Participants were recruited from elite (county, country, province, professional) n = 343 (37.3%) and non-elite (club, university) n = 577 (62.7%) teams. The mean total score was 50.4 ± 12.78%, considered ‘average’ using accepted cut-offs. Across sports, rugby players’ total score was significantly higher when compared to Gaelic field sport athletes (p =.002). Scores in all NSKQ sub-sections fell within the ‘average’ or ‘poor’ category. NK was classified as ‘poor’ in the micronutrients (42.77 ± 19.89%), sports nutrition (46.93 ± 17.55%) and supplementation (35.42 ± 18.86%) sub-sections, with ‘poor’ scoring in these sub-sections observed across all sports. In this study, NK was sub-optimal in 89.8% (n = 826) of participants and although 74.9% of participants expressed a desire for access to nutritional resources, the majority (64.3%) reported having no such access, as indicated by participant responses from the demographic section of NSKQ. These findings suggest TSA may benefit from tailored nutrition education interventions to enhance NK, potentially improving dietary intake and subsequently health and performance outcomes.