Let $\mathbb {k}$ be a field, and let $\mathcal {C}$ be a Cauchy complete $\mathbb {k}$-linear braided category with finite-dimensional morphism spaces and . We call an indecomposable object X of $\mathcal C$ non-negligible if there exists $Y\in \mathcal {C}$ such that is a direct summand of $Y\otimes X$. We prove that every non-negligible object $X\in \mathcal {C}$ such that $\dim \operatorname {End}(X^{\otimes n})<n!$ for some n is automatically rigid. In particular, if $\mathcal {C}$ is semisimple of moderate growth and weakly rigid, then $\mathcal {C}$ is rigid. As applications, we simplify Huang’s proof of rigidity of representation categories of certain vertex operator algebras, and we get that for a finite semisimple monoidal category $\mathcal {C}$, the data of a $\mathcal {C}$-modular functor is equivalent to a modular fusion category structure on $\mathcal {C}$, answering a question of Bakalov and Kirillov. Furthermore, we show that if $\mathcal {C}$ is rigid and has moderate growth, then the quantum trace of any nilpotent endomorphism in $\mathcal {C}$ is zero. Hence $\mathcal {C}$ admits a semisimplification, which is a semisimple braided tensor category of moderate growth. Finally, we discuss rigidity in braided r-categories which are not semisimple, which arise in logarithmic conformal field theory. These results allow us to simplify a number of arguments of Kazhdan and Lusztig.

Attenborough’s 2021 documentary: Breaking Boundaries transitions from the scientific analysis of the planetary boundary hypothesis to the solution, which is a global awakening of planetary consciousness. David frequently speaks directly to the camera, reassuring the audience that even though tipping points are irreversible, there is still time to save us. This documentary demonstrates the essential contradiction that we find ourselves in. We have moved from the stable environmental conditions of the Holocene, that lasted from 11,700 years ago to 1952, and in which human civilisation thrived, to the unstable Anthropocene, which will destabilise the living conditions upon which we rely, yet we don’t know what to do. The research question for this paper is: What is the best course of action in the Anthropocene? In this paper, I outline: (1) How the emotional-reactive states that the tipping points can produce are alleviated through teaching and learning about the complex ways in which humans live, dwell and become in the Anthropocene; (2) Unique human creativity is still alive, yet annihilated by perpetual calls for productivity and the performance-driven environments in which we find ourselves in, and that leads to a mode of burnout through overproduction in an attempt to respond.

The date of the Thera eruption has been a subject of intense debate since the mid-20th century. In recent years, the disagreements have escalated with the introduction of IntCal20. The increased number of annual measurements around the time period of the eruption has highlighted potential fluctuations in the atmospheric radiocarbon record, shedding new light on the date of the disastrous event. The Centre for Isotope Research in Groningen has already contributed data from this time period to IntCal20, and here, we report a new set of annual data of approximately 90 radiocarbon measurements between 1660 and 1507 BCE. We investigate the potential anomalies in the calibration curve and compare our dataset with those from other leading laboratories. Although we do not find compelling evidence of any rapid increases in radiocarbon production during this period, the results do point to the presence of minor differences between datasets which could be species, region or laboratory pretreatment related. By quantifying such offsets, we assess their impact on chronological models related to the eruption of Thera.

This article explores how the 2024 Trump campaign persistently invoked the so-called “great replacement” narrative to promote a politics of racial fear. As the article details, this messaging relied upon the mutability of the replacement narrative – highlighting a supposed plot by the Democratic Party to “import voters” from Latin America in order to corrupt the democratic process. This strategy yielded a variety of civic costs. By foregrounding the language of democracy, the campaign laundered xenophobic fears for widespread consumption. More broadly, the article details how this episode illustrates a core strategy of far right media politics: to capture and repurpose the civic language of liberal democracies to serve illiberal aims.

Digital twins (DT) have the potential to transform the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) industry by improving project efficiency, decision-making and long-term asset management, yet their adoption remains fragmented due to the absence of a structured framework aligned with industry-standard workflows. Existing methodologies, such as the Royal Institute of British Architects Plan of Work and associated Overlays, provide guidance for project delivery but do not explicitly integrate DT considerations. The role of collaborative procurement (CP) in enabling DT uptake remains underexplored despite its recognised contributions to improving project outcomes. This paper establishes the rationale for a dedicated DT framework tailored to the built environment by synthesising cross-industry insights, evaluating current methodologies and identifying key characteristics that support early-stage DT integration, data continuity and long-term stakeholder collaboration. A proactive approach, anchored in CP principles, ensures DT adoption is embedded from project inception, preventing fragmented implementation and unlocking its full potential. As climate resilience and net-zero targets become fundamental industry drivers, a structured DT framework ensures that digital innovation actively contributes to improved energy performance, life cycle efficiency and broader sustainability goals. This paper reinforces the need for a scalable and adaptable framework that supports coherent DT adoption and enhances efficiency, resilience and sustainability across the AECO sector.

This article challenges the traditional view of the linear causality of technological globalization in the history of modern predictive meteorology. According to this linear narrative, telegraphy, by enabling near-instantaneous communication over vast distances, was the causa efficiens that directly and inevitably produced large-scale weather forecasting. However, the role of Jesuit scientists in East Asia as pioneers of cyclone warning systems not only demonstrates that the linear narrative is too simple but invites a rigorous examination of the relationships between prior knowledge networks and technological infrastructures. This article contends that the expansion of technological networks does not inexorably imply the expansion of knowledge networks. There was not, therefore, a unidirectional causal relationship but a concomitant two-way interaction; that is, there was a coextension of knowledge and technological networks, where both Jesuit scientists and telegraph companies benefited from each other and shared common goals confronting a global threat—cyclones. This offers a new perspective not only on the history of meteorological services but also of science globalization.

Low socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to pubertal development, mental health issues, and academic performance. However, the role of early pubertal development in the link between low SES and mental health and academic outcomes is unclear. Using longitudinal data from the ABCD Study (9–10 years at baseline, N = 9,848, 52.2% males) across four time points, we examined associations between household and neighborhood disadvantage, pubertal development, and mental health and academic achievement. Greater household and neighborhood disadvantage were associated with more advanced pubertal status at baseline in both males and females. Among females, higher pubertal status at baseline mediated the association between lower household income and neighborhood disadvantage with greater mental health problems and poorer school performance. Additionally, slower pubertal tempo attenuated the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and these outcomes in females. These findings underscore the importance of considering both household and neighborhood contexts in shaping adolescent development and highlight pubertal development as a potential pathway underlying socioeconomic disparities in mental health and academic achievement.

This essay shows how the United States racialized refugees through photography. American policy makers and news media have deployed photography as a definitive tool in characterizing Haitian “economic migrants” as “bad” refugees in opposition to “good” or “model” refugees from Vietnam. A cluster of black bodies on an unseaworthy boat came to represent an economic and hygienic threat, unlike the Vietnamese who are political victims of an oppressive communist regime. To critique our optical framework regulated by the Cold War racial politics, this essay historicizes how refugees were produced by American warfare and militarism. In the United States, war making, race making, and refugee making are mutually constitutive.

Thanks to the rich findings of Swiss archaeological practice, Tacitus’ narrative for the violent encounter between the Vitellian army and the Helvetians in 69 c.e. (Hist. 1.67–9) can fruitfully be embedded in different material contexts from the late first century b.c.e. and the early first century c.e. (funerary practice, numismatic finds, military architecture, consumption, social relations). The resulting picture is that of the Helvetian civitas as a political community endowed with autonomy and state-like capacities within the Roman empire: militaria are the index of local militarism rather than auxiliary service. This model might be applied more widely within the western provinces and the Roman empire in general.

Second language (L2) pronunciation research has measured speech comprehensibility by asking listeners to assess L2 learners’ speaking performance with rating scales. While some studies have provided validity evidence for these rating scales, few studies have examined the extent to which those scales effectively distinguish among L2 speakers. To fill this gap, the present study examines the 9-point scale used in Saito et al. (2020: Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 40, 9–25.) and the 100-point scale in Huensch and Nagle (2023: Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 45(2), 571–585.) from a Rasch measurement perspective and showcases post hoc score category collapsing as a potential countermeasure against suboptimal rating scale functioning. Findings suggested that different score categories represented the same ability level and were therefore interchangeable. Collapsing these score categories yielded shorter but more functional scales without compromising the psychometric qualities of the original scales. These findings suggest that researchers need to empirically refine their scale lengths rather than uncritically following their conventional measurement practices.

We live in turbulent times. Humanity has become a geological force altering planetary conditions whilst notions of a universal abstract human have been challenged by the geohistorical formation of ecologies of power, capital and nature. Climate change, along with conceptualisations of education rooted in industrial framings of the world centring on human progress, testifies to multiple crises. This contribution attends to the connectedness of multiple crises and the complexity needed to address them by probing their marks, what is introduced as the etchings of metacrisis. In so doing, climate change and education are brought together to problematise the mindset of modernity and Enlightenment and the transhistorical continuity of -isms violences (capitalism, colonialism, imperialism, industrialism). Transoceanic thinking and Édouard Glissant’s notion of whirling encounters are mobilised along an affective approach to archives re-imagining environmental education. Such an approach prompts imaginaries of eco-relationality traversing the local and the global, the past and the present and re-vivifying the relationality of peoples and Land without downplaying violences of the -isms.

Lepidopteran stemborers are among the most destructive pests of maize, sorghum, and sugarcane in Africa. Yet, data on their species composition and host range in Rwanda remain limited. This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of stemborer diversity, seasonal dynamics, and altitudinal distribution across eastern (low altitude), central (mid-altitude), and northern (high altitude) Rwanda. Surveys were conducted during both the rainy (maize growing) and dry seasons of 2023–2024, targeting infested maize fields and surrounding wild vegetation. A total of 2691 stemborer individuals were recovered from nine host plants, with 1474 (54.8%) from wild and fodder vegetation and 1217 (45.2%) from maize plantations. Species richness was highest in the mid-altitude zone, while overall abundance peaked at low altitudes. Busseola fusca was the most abundant in the high-altitude zone, Chilo partellus in the low altitude, and Sesamia spp. was concentrated in the mid-altitude. Seasonal variation significantly influenced population dynamic, with the highest abundance (1251; 46.4%) recorded during the dry season. Notably, Pennisetum purpureum (Napier grass) hosted 1156 (42.9%) of all specimens, highlighting its role as a key refugium during maize off-seasons. These findings underscore the ecological importance of wild vegetation in sustaining stemborer populations and suggest that wild vegetation, altitudinal, and seasonal factors must be considered in designing integrated lepidopteran stemborer pest management strategies.

Harnessing the economic and social value of health data in the EU – The European Health Data Space Regulation (the Regulation) as a cornerstone of data-driven healthcare and research – Balancing innovation with fundamental rights and European constitutional values – The Regulation within the broader process of European integration in public health – Contribution of the Regulation to the Digital Single Market and the European Health Union – Limits of member state action in a Union based on the rule of law – Constitutional tensions between strategic policy ambitions and existing EU competences – Critical assessment of the Regulation’s compatibility with the EU constitutional framework – Pathways to address identified shortcomings through constitutional and institutional reforms.